The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"OXIDATIVE STRESS AND GENOTOXICITY USING ALKALINE COMET ASSAY AMONG ANESTHIOLOGISTS","authors":"Eman S. Shaltout, D. Yahia, N. Ebrahem","doi":"10.21608/ejfsat.2021.77507.1200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2021.77507.1200","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Long-term inhalation anesthetics exposure may provide health risks that cannot be completely ruled out. Aim of the study: The target of this research was to see how waste anesthetic gases influenced DNA damage and oxidative damage. Subjects and Methods: Two groups of healthcare workers from the department of anesthesiology joined in the study: Group I comprised of 15 staff who had operated for at least ten years, while Group II consisted of 15 healthcare members who had worked in operating rooms for more than ten years. In addition to control group consisted of 15 employees who had never been exposed to anesthetic agents. The comet assay was used to detect the damage of DNA in whole blood samples. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) values were used to assess oxidant stress, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities were used to assess antioxidant response (SOD). Results: The result indicates that the mean comet variables have increased (tail DNA percentage, olive tail moment, and tail moment). In Group I, the most DNA damage was observed. There were important positive associations between years of anesthetic gas exposure and damage to DNA. In addition, in comparison to the control group, there was a significant decrease in serum GPX activity and rises in serum levels of both MDA and SOD activity in Groups I and II. Conclusions: According to the results, years of working as an anesthetic can damage DNA and lipid peroxidation. As a result, safe waste anesthetic gas concentration limits in operating rooms, as well as precautions for professionals who might be exposed, are important.","PeriodicalId":22435,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77939121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RISK FACTORS FOR THE NEED OF INTENSIVE CARE UNIT ADMISSION AMONG ACUTE CLOZAPINE POISONED PATIENTS: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY","authors":"Amira A. Wahdan, S. E. El Sharkawy, M. Afandy, H. Lashin","doi":"10.21608/ejfsat.2020.43176.1168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2020.43176.1168","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic drug for the treatment of refractory schizophrenia. It is also seen as the most toxic in its class. Drug poisoning has been detected as one of the major causes of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The study aimed to develop a decision tool using readily available parameters in the emergency room for patients with acute clozapine poisoning to identify patients who need ICU admission. Patients and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out on 121 patients with acute clozapine poisoning admitted to the Tanta University Poison Control Center. For each patient, demographic, toxicological, clinical data, laboratory findings, and electrocardiography records were analyzed against ICU admission. Results: The results revealed that 29 patients needed ICU admission, and they were significantly older than patients who did not. A significant association was found between the history of addiction and/or psychiatric illness, mode of poisoning, amount and dose of clozapine, and the need for ICU admission. Patients admitted to ICU had a significantly higher percentage of tachycardia, tachypnea, and hyperthermia, while they had a lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and oxygen saturation. Besides, they had a significantly higher percentage of hyperglycemia, respiratory alkalosis, and prolonged QTc interval. There was a significant association between the need for ICU admission and both electrocardiogram (ECG) severity grading and acute clozapine poisoning severity score. The logistic regression model showed that large doses of clozapine, tachypnea, increased the severity of ECG grading, and decreased level of O2 saturation on admission significantly increased the probability of requiring ICU admission. Based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, take a dose of clozapine at a cut-off value above 250 mg is a good predictor of the need for ICU admission. Conclusion: It could be concluded that higher taken doses of clozapine, tachypnea, low O2 saturation, and increased severity of ECG grading are considered independent predictors of the need for ICU admission in acute clozapine poisoned patients.","PeriodicalId":22435,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90521506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the stability of DNA methylation markers in biological stains and its impact on forensic investigations","authors":"L. Nader, R. Gomaa, Khawla Al Teneiji","doi":"10.21608/ejfsat.2021.77683.1201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2021.77683.1201","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Study of epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation has become an important tool in forensic investigations due to its reliability and specificity. DNA methylation is highly dynamic and sensitive to several environmental and lifestyle factors. DNA samples collected from crime scenes can be tested according to their methylation patterns to help identify different types of biological pieces of evidence, including hair, blood, semen, and saliva found at the crime scene. Furthermore, it can help in the identification of sex, age and shed light on the overall identity of the suspect or victim. Objectives: This study aims to validate the use of DNA methylation-specific markers in identifying peripheral blood, menstrual blood, and saliva and investigate the stability of these markers. Additionally, this research assesses the effect of exposure of blood and saliva to different environmental conditions on detecting DNA methylation-specific markers. Methodology: The samples used in this study are peripheral blood, saliva, and menstrual blood. DNA has been extracted from all samples, and its quality has been detected on gel electrophoresis. Then bisulfite conversion and real-time PCR were applied using BLM1 primer to detect peripheral blood samples, MENS1 primer to detect menstrual blood samples, and SPEI1 to detect saliva samples. Dried Stains from the saliva, menstrual blood, and peripheral blood samples have been collected and exposed to different environmental conditions. Results: The results of real-time PCR and statistical analysis of BLM1 and MENS1 primers showed better results than SPEI1 primers in identifying fresh body fluids and those exposed to different environmental conditions of degradation. Conclusion: DNA methylation is highly specific to the person's tissue type, age, and sex. This unique characteristic of DNA methylation is exploited in the identification of victims or culprits during a forensic investigation. The amount and the integrity of DNA used for analysis are often the determining factors in the success of methylation studies. Various factors such as exposure to UV radiation, high temperature, PH, and salt concentration can affect DNA stability.","PeriodicalId":22435,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86975056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCES OF PHYSICIANS ABOUT MEDICAL MALPRACTICE","authors":"noha elrewieny, Amr Khattab, H. Mohammed","doi":"10.21608/ejfsat.2022.113752.1236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2022.113752.1236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22435,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79677547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREDICTORS OF POOR OUTCOMES IN ACUTE METHANOL POISONING","authors":"S. Elbastawesy, M. Shama, A. Elsharkawy, N. Helal","doi":"10.21608/ejfsat.2021.76747.1198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2021.76747.1198","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Methanol is a highly toxic compound. Severe metabolic acidosis, intense neurological and visual affection are the hallmark of toxicity. Despite maximal supportive care, the mortality rate is yet high. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the predictors of poor outcomes in acute methanol poisoning. Methods: In this retrospective study, forty acute methanol poisoned patients were recruited. Data of four years (2017 to 2020) was obtained from Tanta university Poison Control Center (TUPCC) archive. Data of patients’ outcomes were recorded in addition to demographic data, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations results. Results: Out of the 40 enrolled patients, 17 patients had poor outcomes, either death or visual affection, and the remaining 23 patients had completely recovered. A significantly prolonged time elapsed between methanol ingestion and admission in the poor outcome group compared to good outcome one. Likely, the mean GCS, arterial ph, and HCO3 levels were significantly lower in the poor outcome group. Additionally, the poor outcome group noticed a significant increase in total leucocytic count, RBS, ALT, AST, serum creatinine, blood urea, PT, and anion gap. Conclusions: Our study shows that delayed hospital admission and on admission GCS were identified as potential predictive factors of poor outcome in acute methanol poisoning.","PeriodicalId":22435,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83767302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of cyber abuse during the years 2020 and 2021 among a sample of Egyptian females","authors":"Rabab Eltokhy, A. Mahmoud, S. Alsaeed","doi":"10.21608/ejfsat.2022.126994.1253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2022.126994.1253","url":null,"abstract":"Violence against women is a global issue, but it is particularly prevalent in the Middle East. According to WHO estimates, approximately 35% of women worldwide have been exposed to physical and/or sexually intimate relationship violence or non-partner sexual violence at some point in their lives. Because nearly one in every two people uses the internet and one billion homes have an internet connection, cyber violence is a growing global epidemic with serious public health implications; it is linked not only to negative psychological, social, and reproductive health outcomes for victims but also to offline physical and sexual assault. Cyber harassment, cyberstalking, defamation, non-consensual pornography, e-mail spoofing, cyber hacking, and virtual rape are examples of cyber violence against women. Data on the scope of cyber violence and its prevalence across various people and cultures is limited, but studies suggest that women, girls, and sexual minorities are more likely to be victims of cyber abuse. Objectives: Our research aimed to assess the problem of cyber violence against women in Egypt, including its prevalence, different forms, and impact on victims' lives to identify and develop preventive strategies. Methodology: The research was conducted utilizing an online poll distributed over two of Egypt's most popular social media platforms, Facebook, and WhatsApp, to assess if the participants were subjected to cyber abuse for two years, 2020 and 2021. To get a high response rate, the researchers chose groups with many female members. The researchers collected responses by a survey published at the link to the study page for three months, from November 1, 2021, to January 31, 2022. Results: Our study included 324 adult female participants, about 52 % were between 31 and 40 years old. About 85 percent of our participants said they had been subjected to cyber violence, 64 percent said they had been subjected to cyber harassment three times or more, and 52.7 percent said they were harassed via social media. In conclusion, the Egyptian population has seen a high rate of cyber violence against women in the past two years. As a result, the government must implement robust legislation that makes cyber violence illegal in all its manifestations.","PeriodicalId":22435,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85083168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MID-REGIONAL PRO ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (MR-PROANP) AS A NOVEL BIOMARKER FOR EARLY PREDICTION OF CARDIAC INJURY FOLLOWING SCORPION STING AMONG CHILDREN.","authors":"Mohammed E. Sarhan, Zaki E. Zaki, Eman Mahmoud","doi":"10.21608/ejfsat.2021.67326.1193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2021.67326.1193","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Scorpion envenomation represents a vital health problem, especially in children. Scorpion venom causes diverse harmful side effects on different body systems; however, the most serious one is considered the cardiotoxic effect. Aim of the work: this study aims to predict heart failure in children following scorpion sting using MR-proANP (cardiac biomarker), owing to reduced sensitivity and specificity of currently used biomarkers. Subjects & methods: the study was carried out on 87 children patients presented to Minia University Poisoned Control Center (MUPCC) with a history of a scorpion sting (within the first hour of sting) during the period from 1st of June 2018 to the 31st of May 2020. Venous blood samples were drawn from patients for biochemical analysis (MRproANP and troponin I). Result: MR-proANP predicted clinical heart failure (HF) in the first hour of sting (sensitivity was73.91% and the specificity was 100%) and predicted sub-clinical heart failure after 6 hours of sting (sensitivity was 89.66% and the specificity was 91.67%); however, troponin I predicted HF only after 12 hours of the sting. Conclusion: MR-proANP was superior to troponin I in predicting HF due to scorpion envenomation.","PeriodicalId":22435,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80994796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPLICATIONS OF HANDWRITING IN MOVEMENT DISORDERS AMONG NEUROLOGICAL PATIENTS IN FAYOUM GOVERNORATE, EGYPT.","authors":"M. Mwaheb, Kh. Rashed, M. El-Khatib, E. Morsi","doi":"10.21608/ejfsat.2021.75371.1197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2021.75371.1197","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Common cumulative neurological diseases and their effects on motor control in general and handwriting in particular. This research aims to introduce the fundamental aspects of common neurological disease as the basis for understanding why and how handwriting changes in the presence of disease. Methods: This is the prospective research which study changes of handwriting over 30 neurological patients as (Parkinsonism disease, Essential tremor, and Ataxia) Fayoum Governorate. Results: Among the study group, the mean age was (55.4±15.8) years, with 22 (73.3%) were males and 8(26.7%) were females. The present study documents that among all neurological cases included in the study, (10%) of them show the moderate change in neglecting some letters, tendency to small letters, and lack of control to punctuate characters. As regards tremor, 50% had moderate to high change. Not adhering to the line of printed moderate change represents 16.7%, and 6.7% shows the moderate change in pressure of writing. Also, this research illustrated that inbetween parkinsonism cases (30%) of they show the moderate change in neglecting some letters, lack of control to punctuate characters and not to adhere to the line of printed, also 10% moderate change in the tendency to small letters. As regards tremor, 90% had moderate to high change. Conclusion: Rehabilitation programs for handwriting problems in neurology disease patients are likely to be helpful. More extensive randomized studies are needed to confirm these results.","PeriodicalId":22435,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77262239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of people about forensic doctors in Iraq in 2018:a cross-sectional study.","authors":"N. Hashim, M. Mutar, M. Majid, Mina Mohanad, Namariq Jasim, Muslim Muslim, Nabaa Sakban, Nedaa Hashim, Nada Muthana, Nour Al-Huda Raheem, Noor Hameed, Noor-Alhuda Jasim, N. Jaafar, Noor Mosaad, N. Salam, N. Abdulkareem, Mustafa Ahmed, Mustafa Mouwafak","doi":"10.21608/ejfsat.2022.46138.1171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2022.46138.1171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22435,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77247048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians towards medico-legal aspects in clinical practice in Menoufia governorate hospitals","authors":"F. Kandeel, H. Marawan, S. Elagamy","doi":"10.21608/ejfsat.2021.65805.1191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejfsat.2021.65805.1191","url":null,"abstract":"Physicians are subjected to many legal, ethical, and moral obligations. The balance between excellence in patient care and medico-legal requirements establishes a successful clinical practice. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate factors affecting knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of physicians in Menoufia governorate hospitals towards different medicolegal aspects. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional survey study was carried out from the beginning of October 2020 to the end of December 2020 at Menoufia governorate hospitals (both secondary and tertiary care hospitals). The physicians of different specialties who met the inclusion criteria and thoroughly answered questions of a predesigned self-administered questionnaire about knowledge, attitude, and practice towards different medico-legal aspects in clinical field attitude were included. Results: Among 387 studied physicians, the mean age was 38.97±9.58 years. 58.66% were male physicians. 58.40% were specialists. Most of them (67.44%) were working in secondary care hospitals, and 51.94% were surgeons. The duration of experience years was 12.74±7.26. 24.29% had both undergraduate and postgraduate medico-legal education and training. Linear regression analysis showed that the significant independent predictors of high awareness score were experience years, working in tertiary care hospitals and previous both undergraduate and post graduate medico-legal education and training. The significant independent predictors of high attitude score were experience years, specialty, and previous both undergraduate and postgraduate medico-legal education and training. In contrast, the significant independent predictors of high practice score were professional degree, specialty, and previous both undergraduate and postgraduate medicolegal education and training. Conclusion: Significant variations were identified in physicians’ knowledge, attitude, and practices towards medico-legal aspects in Menoufia governorate hospitals. Both undergraduate and postgraduate medico-legal education and training significantly affected their awareness, attitude, and practices towards different ethical and legal issues.","PeriodicalId":22435,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84636367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}