Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences最新文献

{"title":"SELECTED PARAMETERS OF ANAEROBIC CAPACITY AMONG PLAYERSIN VARIOUS POSITIONS ON THE POLISH SUPERLEAGUE HANDBALL TEAM","authors":"K. Krawczyk, Maciej Słowak","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.6292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6292","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000Introduction: An overview of the literature on the subject of handball indicates that today’s top-level handball is dominated by sequences of short-duration (5 – 20 seconds) intensive anaerobic physical effort. Taking into account this data and the lack of scientific contribution describing the levels of the anaerobic capacity of top-level handball players, it seems essential to research this sphere of capacity in men’s Superleague teams.\u0000Aim: The objective of the study is to evaluate the relative mechanical work (J/kg), peak power (W/kg), peak power production time (s) and peak power sustainment time (s) in Wingate tests performed on players in various positions.\u0000Basic procedures: Research participants: 18 players in the Superleague handball team; average age of participants = 25.96±3.97 years old, average height = 192.76±7.21 cm, average body mass = 97.61±11.46 kg; average BMI = 25.84±1.92. The evaluation of anaerobic capacity was performed according to the 30-second Wingate test procedure, with the use of the Monark 824E cycle ergometer and the MCE v5.0 computer software.\u0000Results: The mean peak power of the research participants was 11.12±0.84 W/kg; mean work value – 254.56±16.92J/kg, mean peak power production time – 4.82±0.82s; peak power sustainment time – 2.98±1.04s; fatigue index – 25.82±3.64%.\u0000Conclusions: In the process of top-level handball training, it is necessary to pay more attention to the development of anaerobic endurance through the increased use of interval workload.\u0000\u0000Key words: anaerobic capacity, interval training, handball\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":223482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130106323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE SOMATOTYPE AND ANTHROPOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF WRESTLERS FROM SİVAS, TURKEY","authors":"Sercan Acar, Başak Koca Özer","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.6291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6291","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The purpose of the present study is to assessment of the young wrestlers' somatotypes and anthropometric characters in Turkey according to the weight and age category. \u0000Basic Procedures: The study is carried out on a sample of 86 male wrestlers aged 10 to 21 years from Sivas. Various anthropometric measurements were performed (weight, height, sitting height, biceps and calf circumferences, humerus and femur width and triceps, subscapular, supraspinale and calf skinfolds thickness), anthropometric indices were calculated (upper arm muscle area, upper arm fat area, arm fat index, frame index and cormic index), and Heath-Carter somatotypes were determined. \u0000Results: The result of the present study showed that the junior wrestlers (weight=80kg) exhibited more endomorphy and mezomorphy than the schoolboys wrestlers (weight=51.12kg. The wrestlers' mean somatotypes are found to be 2.81 1.05 (endomorphy), 3.71 1.28 (mesomorphy) and 1.76 1.25 (ectomorphy).\u0000Conclusion: In conclusion, body structure and composition in the wrestlers were depended on their weight category. The junior wrestlers' characteristic type was endomorphic mesomorph, while the schoolboys wrestlers' type was mesomorph-endomorph. The wrestlers' endomorphy and indices of body composition can also be observed a considerable difference according to weight category. In addition, muscle area was found to be rising, however, fat area was decreasing. \u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":223482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127148453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SENSE OF SATISFACTION WITH LIFE VERSUS DIETARY CHOICES OF FEMALE FITNESS INSTRUCTORS FROM FITNESS CLUBS IN KRAKOW","authors":"M. Gacek, Ada Popek","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.6293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6293","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Life satisfaction is one of important personal resources that promote health-related behaviors and health improvement. \u0000Aim of the work. The aim of the work was to analyze relations between the sense of satisfaction with life and the frequency of consuming selected products in the group of young women who work as fitness instructors. \u0000Material and methods. The study involved 200 women aged 20-32 (25.0±3.4) working as fitness instructors in Krakow fitness clubs. The tools used in the study were an original questionnaire to measure the frequency of group products consumption and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) by Diener et al. The results were analyzed with the use of U Mann-Whitney test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients in a statistical package PQStat ver. 1.6.\u0000Results. Statistical analysis showed that as the sense of satisfaction with life in young women increased, the frequency of consuming raw vegetable oils and/or nuts also grew (p<0.05). The comparison of mean frequency of consuming food products depending on the level of satisfaction with life (low vs high in the SWLS scale) showed that women with high levels of satisfaction more often ate saltwater fish (p<0.05) as well as oils and/or nuts (p<0.001) than did women with low satisfaction levels. \u0000Conclusions. The study proved the predictive role of satisfaction with life with regard to quality aspects of diet of female fitness instructors. Women with higher levels of this personal resource tend to display more rational dietary choices. \u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":223482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127476794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IDEA OF ORGANISING THE 2022 WINTER OLYMPIC GAMES IN KRAKOW AND SLOVAKIA","authors":"W. Adamus, E. Mleczko","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.6497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6497","url":null,"abstract":"Aims. In 2012 Kraków together with Zakopane and the Slovak Republic applied to International Olympic Committee for organization of Winter Olympic Games in 2022. This article aims to illustrate in what aspects Kraków, Małopolska and Poland could suceed or fail as a result of being the Olympic Games organizer. \u0000Methods. By applying in our research multicriterial decision support methods AHP/ANP we will show Benefits (B), hidden Benefits - Opportunities (O), and on the other side - Costs (C) and hidden costs - Risks ( R ).\u0000Hypotheses. We assumed the following decision scenarios for organizing the Olympic Games in Poland: A. Organization of the Winter Olympic Games 2022 - with limited benefits and relatively low costs; B. Organization of the Winter Olympic Games 2022 with average costs and relatively high costs C. Organization of the Winter Olympic Games 2022 - with high benefits and relatively high costs.\u0000Results. AHP/ANP model included 39 BOCR criteria, including economic, technological, political and social factors determining Winter Olympic Games in Kraków, Zakopane and Slovak Republic. Pairwise comparison was made, with help of experts, of criteria individually to each BOCR (benefits - B, opportunities - O, costs - C and risk - R) value, next subcriteria to criteria, in four control hierarchy (in T.L. Saaty's fundamental scale). Relative weights of criteria are the result of pairwise comparison of each criterion against each other. \u0000The results of pairwise comparisons of BOCR eigenvalues support the profitability of organizing the Winter Olympics in Poland and Slovakia. Sensitivity analysis can slightly change the values of priorities for analyzed alternatives, but that requires taking extreme assumptions for BOCR ((benefits - B, opportunities - O, costs - C and risks - R) prioritization and their control criteria. As a result of prioritization for all criteria and subcriteria the following synthetic comparison. results for analyzed decision alternatives for organizing Winter Olympic Games in Kraków were obtained: 1. model B (0.40) - with average costs and relatively high costs; 2. model A ( 0.35) – with limited benefits and relatively low costs; 3. Model C (0.25) – with high benefits and relatively high costs.\u0000Conclusions. 1.The organization of the Winter Olympics in Poland and Slovakia she off could pay off; 2. As a result of prioritization, two math formulas give the same results for organizing Winter Olympic Games 2022 with relatively average costs and high benefits, as the best alternative.\u0000Results. AHP/ANP model included 39 BOCR criteria, including economic, technological, political and social factors determining Winter Olympic Games in Kraków, Zakopane and Slovak Republic. Pairwise comparison was made, with help of experts, of criteria individually to each BOCR value, next subcriteria to criteria, in four control hierarchy (in T.L. Saaty's fundamental scale). Relative weights of criteria are the result of pairwise comparison of each crite","PeriodicalId":223482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117291082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORPHOFUNCTIONAL DETERMINANTS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ONE VERSUS ONE SMALL-SIDED GAMES IN SOCCER PLAYERS","authors":"Janusz Jaworski, T. Ambroży, Dariusz Tchórzewski, K. Durlik","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.5095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5095","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of this report is to identify variables determining the effectiveness of small football games at subsequent stages of training.\u0000Material and Methods. The study material comprised the results of tests conducted among 42 football players who were assigned to 3 categories: youngsters, younger juniors and seniors. The scope of the study included basic somatic features, selected motor skills tests and specific coordination tests of motor skills recommended for football players. Detailed correlation matrices were calculated using Spearman’s signed-rank test between all the analysed variables and the overall game perforance index (OPI). For each training group, morpho-functional profiles were calculated taking variables from previous analyses into account. Variables forming the structure of these models were normalised on the T scale.\u0000Results. 11 statistically significant Spearman’s signed-rank correlation coefficients were obtained between game performance indices and the analysed variables. In the 3 training groups of football players, considerable diversity of the internal structure of morpho-functional models was noted. In the group of juniors and seniors, differentiation between features was 1.2 of standard deviation.\u0000Conclusions. In terms of fitness, the influence of circulatory-respiratory endurance and speed ability on the indicator of overall performance for the seniors’ game was noted. In turn, taking the neuro-functional side of the players’ motor ability into account, correlations with the effectiveness of the game were mainly found within the ability of balance, kinesthetic differentiation and motor adaptation. Such regularities mainly refer to the youngsters and younger juniors.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":223482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126541464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VERIFICATION OF SPECIAL AND TASK-ORIENTED MOTOR TEST AMONG COMPETITIVE BALLROOM DANCERS AT THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF ADVANCEMENT","authors":"Adrianna Banio, J. Eider","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.5123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5123","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Verification of special and task-oriented fitness test of competitive ballroom dancers carried out among the most qualified contestants by Rokita (2006).Basic procedures: The research material consisted of 76 dancers (38 European couples) of the highest international dance class S, who train ballroom dance in European countries, i.e.: Poland, Italy, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Ukraine. The research methodology included carrying out a test constructed by Rokita (2006), consisting of a total of 16 “chaines” turns in 2/4 metre and at a rate of 40 bars per minute. Results: The presented results constitute a proof that the tool proposed by Rokita is not reliable for all competitive ballroom dancers. It is obvious that the most qualified male and female dancers show a higher level of physical fitness due to, for example, training. This however does not mean that there are no significant differences between them. Nevertheless, it is impossible to measure them using this test. Therefore, the conducted research led to considerations on the principles of construction of a motor skills test. Conclusions: The presented results constitute a proof that the tool proposed by Rokita is not reliable for all competitive ballroom dances. This test does not fully meet the criteria for the construction of a motor skills test.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":223482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133756990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF 10-WEEK BODYWEIGHT TRAINING ON BODY COMPOSITION AND PHYSICAL FITNESS IN YOUNG MALES","authors":"Krzysztof Lipecki","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.5091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5091","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate changes on body compositions and physical fitness in young males performing 10-week bodyweight training.\u0000Material and Methods. The study examined body height and composition (body mass, fat percent and body water) in 15 healthy male adults (23.4 ± 3.3 years, 180.3 ± 6.8 cm, 75.7 ± 7.6 kg). The physical parameters included: running speed, agility, explosive power and strength endurance, flexibility and cardiorespiratory capacity. The examinations were conducted before and after 10-week bodyweight training.\u0000Results. Results indicated no significant changes in body composition in the men examined. Improvements were observed in measured parameters of physical fitness, agility (4.1%, p<0.01), dynamic strength of the shoulder girdle muscles, the back and the abdomen (by 12.1%, p<0.01), static strength of the right hand (6.7%, p<0.05), strength endurance of the upper limbs (by 30.1%, p<0.01), strength endurance of the body trunk muscles (7.0%, p<0.01), flexibility (20.1%, p<0.05) and cardiorespiratory capacity (6.1%, p<0.05). \u0000Conclusion. Bodyweight training without a properly balanced diet has an insignificant effect on changes in body composition of young men. The training concept based on performing bodyweight exercises leads to the significant improvements in muscle strength and endurance, flexibility, agility and cardiovascular endurance. The bodyweight training by Lauren and Clark, due to the high frequency and intensity, is recommended for young people with a high physical fitness level and perseverance. \u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":223482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126078658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BODY BUILT AND PHYSICAL FITNESS OF 14-16-YEAR-OLD FOOTBALL PLAYERS AS COMPARED WITH NON-TRAINING PEERS","authors":"Monika Opanowska, E. Prętkiewicz-Abacjew, B. Wilk, M. Pasek, P. Skonieczny, E. Kupcewicz","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.5099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5099","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The objective of the study was the assessment of somatic build and physical fitness of 14-16-year-old football players as compared with non-training peers as well as relation between their body-build and physical fitness.\u0000Basic procedures: 108 football players and 101 non-training boys participated in the research. The level of somatic development of boys was assessed on the basis of body height and weight measurements, which were used to determine BMI and Rohrer index. Additionally functional length of left and right lower limbs was determined. The level of physical fitness was tested by EUROFIT. The strength and relation between body built features and physical fitness were measured by the Pearson correlation coefficient r linear, and by the test t to define its significance.\u0000Results: Football players and non-training boys characterized leptosomatic build type. Only 14-year-old footballers were higher in terms of statistical significance and had longer lower limbs in comparison with non-training peers. In physical fitness tests football players had better scores than non-training ones, and the differences of statistical significance most frequently occurring in 14-year-olds were demonstrated. \u0000Conclusion. The assessed motor abilities forming physical fitness of football players and non-training peers indicated clear correlations with body built only in 14-year-old boys. Rare occurrence of smaller correlations in 15-16-year-old football players can suggest that football training created a certain structure of physical fitness, different from that of non-training peers, but in most cases it was not related to the body structure.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":223482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122215824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARING SELECTED TYPES OF AGGRESSIVENESS AND INDIVIDUAL TYPES OF HOSTILITY AMONG STUDENTS OF SPORTS HOCKEY CLASSES","authors":"K. Görner, Mária Gregáňová, K. Wójcik, Jakub Spieszny","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.5129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5129","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the research was to find out and compare individual subsystems of selected types of aggressiveness and individual types of hostility within age categories of learners of sports hockey classes. \u0000Research sample consisted of sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth grade boys from primary schools. Age of learners varied from 11 to 14 years. Total sample consisted of 120 learners. The research was it was implemented with the help of a standardized psychological questionnaire B – D – I.\u0000In the results we‘re comparing the differences in individual subspecies of aggressive behaviour and also in overall aggressiveness between younger and older learners grade. It turned out that in all of the observed comparisons older learners achieved higher average values of the weighted score than younger. The difference was confirmed also by the nonparametric Mann Whitney U test, which at the unilateral test of 5 % level of demonstrability tells that between younger and older learners there‘s statistically significant difference p = 0.031. Also, any increased value of the resentment didn‘t occur neither among younger learners who achieved the average value of the weighted score 4.19 nor among older learners with the average value of the weighted score 4.81 and therefore there is not statistically significant difference (p = 0.681). Our research revealed that controlling emotions such as aggression is very important. Therefore, it‘s important to pay enough attention to the young athletes and their coaches to prevent any manifestations of aggressiveness from their performers and to encourage them to play fair-play sports.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":223482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences","volume":"353 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122037426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTIVENESS OF NORDIC WALKING AND PHYSICAL TRAINING IN IMPROVING BALANCE AND BODY COMPOSITION OF PERSONS WITH DOWN SYNDROME","authors":"Amadeusz Skiba, A. Stopa, Iwona Sulowska, W. Chwala, A. Marchewka","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.5087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5087","url":null,"abstract":"Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Nordic Walking training and physical training on the balance and body composition in adult people with Down syndrome. Basic procedures We enrolled 32 subjects with Down syndrome, aged 25-40 years with moderate intellectual disability. They were randomly divided into three groups: Nordic Walking training group, physical training group and control group with no intervention. Training sessions were held for 10 weeks at a frequency of 3 times a week. Subjects were examined twice: 1 week before training and a week immediately after intervention. To evaluate balance we applied modified Clinical Test for Sensory Integration and Balance (mCTSIB) on BioSway platform. Evaluation of body composition was assessed with Tanita Body Composition Analyzer TBF – 300. Results After training, in the mCTSIB statistically significant changes were observed only in the Nordic Walking group. In the control group in the mCTSIB the changes were not reported. There were observed improvements in the body composition after Nordic Walking training and in the control group there were deteriorated. Conclusions The research shows that regular physical activity such as Nordic Walking training has positive influence on the balance in people with Down syndrome. The changes were greater in people participated in Nordic Walking training rather than physical training. Both of the study groups presented improvement compared to controls. Key words: Down syndrome, Nordic Walking, disability, balance, stability, BMI, mCTSIB, body composition, rehabilitation","PeriodicalId":223482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132963566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}