Tectonophysics最新文献

{"title":"Seismic reprocessing of BELCORP-DEKORP 1A reveals deep fault reflections of the Paleozoic Eifel Fold and Thrust Belt in Germany","authors":"D. Eickhoff ,&nbsp;S. Back ,&nbsp;K. Reicherter ,&nbsp;J.R.R. Ritter","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Paleozoic Eifel Fold and Thrust Belt is part of the northern Variscan Deformation Front. Due to erosion, parts of its uppermost layers have been removed, enabling direct seismic reflection imaging of its internal deformation pattern in the upper crust utilizing seismic reflection imaging techniques. Reprocessing of the BELCORP-DEKORP seismic reflection line 1A from 1987 reveals previously undocumented structural details when applying state-of-the-art tools such as an improved seismic velocity background model and Fresnel volume migration. Additionally, a detailed analysis of seismic polarities helps to characterize the impedance contrasts of the reflectors at depth. A marked reflector of approximately 80 km length is identified, originating in the Belgian Ardennes Mountains and terminating in the southeast in the Hocheifel Volcanic Field at a depth of c. 12 km. The reflector dips in average with about 8° towards the southeast and has a thickness of approximately 400 m. In many parts, this reflector is characterized by a negative impedance contrast, which can be interpreted as a fault gouge or breccia composed of crushed rock, possibly containing fluids. This large feature is interpreted as the basal detachment zone of a wedge-like structure. A restoration model of this wedge results in shortening of about 22 km. In addition to the main detachment reflector, numerous tectonic features like subsidiary fault strands, synclines, ramps and backthrusts have been imaged. Strong reflectors in the Hocheifel Volcanic Field are interpreted as solidified sills related to the Cenozoic magmatism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"903 ","pages":"Article 230702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The fingerprint of structural inheritances in the W-Pyrenees revealed by machine learning detection of seismicity","authors":"R. Lescoutre ,&nbsp;J.-B. Ammirati ,&nbsp;S. Chevrot ,&nbsp;F. Mouthereau ,&nbsp;M. Ducoux ,&nbsp;N. Saspiturry ,&nbsp;A. Villaseñor ,&nbsp;M. Sylvander ,&nbsp;E. Masini","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The orogenic evolution of the western Pyrenees and its relationship with ancient rift architecture are well-studied and therefore represent a natural laboratory for investigating the link between structural inheritance and the distribution of present-day seismicity. In this study, we use an automated method to detect and pick P and S waves from local earthquakes to characterize the distribution of seismicity in the region. The P and S picks are used to obtain a catalog of earthquakes and to perform a local earthquake tomography. We analyze 2-D sections and depth slices of the tomographic model and of the seismicity catalog, and confront them to the 3-D geological architecture of the inverted Mauléon rift system. Our results reveal that present-day deformation is mainly extensional, with a main cluster of aligned, steeply north-dipping seismicity localized along the former rift necking domain. In addition, the rift-inherited NNE-SSW Saison and Barlanès transfer zones either offset or disrupt the seismicity cluster and delimit three seismically active segments. The Chaînons Béarnais segment shows localized seismicity, whereas the eastern and western Mauléon segments show a westward extension of earthquake distribution in relation with the widening of both the orogenic wedge and the mantle body preserved at shallow depth. Our results suggest that the rift-inherited necking zone played a predominant role in the localization of the deformation during both orogenic and post-orogenic evolution, and as such represents a critical zone for seismic hazard assessment. Earthquakes diffusely distributed in and around the high-velocity mantle body could be partly related to ongoing serpentinization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"903 ","pages":"Article 230685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistivity image of the Lökbatan Mud Volcano","authors":"Elnur Gasimov ,&nbsp;Ertan Pekşen ,&nbsp;Doğukan Durdağ ,&nbsp;Avaz Salamov ,&nbsp;Orkhan Najafov ,&nbsp;Emin Uğur Ulugergerli","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shallow structure of the Lökbatan mud volcano region was explored via direct current resistivity method. Primary focus was on investigating the thickness of mud volcano material along the volcano vent and its surroundings. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) data were measured using a Schlumberger electrode array. A two-dimensional (2D) inverse solution was applied to the VES data of each profile. The results of the 2D inverse solution show the presence of 10–30 Ω-m of dried mud volcano material at the surface of the study area and lower resistivity stratified structures towards depth. Consequently, the shallow 2D/3D geoelectric image of the volcano vent and the thickness of the mud volcano material (breccia) distributed along the perimeter were successfully revealed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"902 ","pages":"Article 230694"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated stress and strain characterisation of the Himalayan-Tibetan collision zone using earthquake and geodetic data","authors":"R. Abhirami,&nbsp;P.S. Sunil,&nbsp;A. Sooraj,&nbsp;S.S. Sreerag,&nbsp;A.S. Sunil","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Himalayan-Tibetan Collision Zone (HTCZ) is one of the most geodynamically active regions on Earth, shaped by the continuous collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. This study analyzes the prevailing crustal stress and deformation patterns across the HTCZ by integrating earthquake focal mechanism solutions (FMS) with velocity data from the geodetic Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Inversion of FMS data, using iterative and damped methods, reveals a dominant N-S oriented compressional stress with low-angle plunges along the Himalayan Arc. In contrast, the Tibetan Plateau exhibits a combination of strike-slip and normal faulting with WNW-ESE stress orientations. To better understand deformation pattern, GNSS-derived velocity data were inverted using a modified weighted least-squares approach to estimate regional strain rates. The resulting dilatation strain rate map too highlights the significant crustal shortening along the Himalayan Arc, while the Tibetan Plateau displays extension. However, the maximum shear strain rates are primarily attributable to strike-slip faulting in Tibetan region. Additionally, the second invariant strain rate map indicates the highest deformation concentrations in the central Himalaya and the eastern Himalayan syntaxis. The maximum horizontal compressive stress orientations (SH_max) derived from FMS closely align with the maximum horizontal shortening strain-rate orientations (εH_max) inferred from GNSS velocities. The strong correlation between SH_max and εH_max within the 75°E to 95°E longitude suggests the high elasticity of the central segment of HTCZ. However, the noticeable clockwise rotation of SH_max and εH_max over the eastern segment underscores the presence of a viscous lithosphere beneath the Tibetan Plateau. These findings provide valuable insights into the Himalayan stress-strain regime and enhance our understanding of crustal deformation processes in this highly dynamic tectonic zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"902 ","pages":"Article 230686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic imaging revealing the processes from subduction to arc-continental collision in the northeastern South China Sea","authors":"Xingyue Wang ,&nbsp;Minghui Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaobo He ,&nbsp;Jiazheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinhui Cheng ,&nbsp;Huabin Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The northeastern margin of the South China Sea (SCS) is characterized by a tectonic shift from subduction in the south to arc-continent collision in the north. We describe the intraplate crustal-scale structure and deformation along a 256-km-long wide-angle reflection/refraction line perpendicular to the Manila Trench (MT). It is found that 1) the subducting plate of the northeast SCS comprises thinned continental crust with a thickness of 12–15 km and a high-velocity layer (HVL) with a thickness of 2–4 km, which is likely caused by (ultra)mafic intrusions; 2) the subducted upper crust is partly scraped off and accreted at the bottom of the accretionary wedge, and its characteristic low seismic-velocity may be due to subsequent hydration. Combined with previous investigations from six seismic lines in the study area across the MT and Southern Taiwan, from south to north, the velocity anomaly at the bottom of the accretionary wedge correspondingly undergoes a series of metamorphic processes in response to the transition from oceanic subduction to arc-continent collision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"902 ","pages":"Article 230684"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crust and upper mantle structures of the North China Craton from Eikonal tomography and shear velocity inversion","authors":"Yu Geng,&nbsp;Qingju Wu,&nbsp;Yonghua Li,&nbsp;Ruiqing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using the vertical component seismograms of 1583 events recorded by 1712 broadband stations in the SeisDmc and the ChinArray projects, Rayleigh wave phase velocities at 20–160 s periods of the North China Craton were estimated through Eikonal tomography. Phase velocities at 8–50 s periods and group velocities at 10–140 s periods from previous studies were included as an augmentation of our Rayleigh wave velocities dataset. The dispersion curves for phase and group velocities were inverted together for a 3-D Vs model. Our model demonstrates remarkable variations in crustal thicknesses and upper mantle velocities from the west to the east, indicating different evolutionary processes since the Cenozoic rejuvenation. Significant lateral inhomogeneities in the Trans-North China Orogen suggest that the lithosphere under the central segment is less modified during the Phanerozoic than that below the rest portions. The low velocities in the upper mantle below Datong volcanoes may originate from a hot upwelling of asthenospheric materials associated with a rifting process under the northeast margin of Ordos. Our model supports the inference that the southern and northern parts of the Weihe-Shanxi Rift System are experiencing different rifting mechanisms. The southern part experienced a long history of extension and complicated rifting processes triggered by the early uplift of the Tibetan plateau. The opening of the northern segment is a combined effect of ongoing asthenospheric upwelling and the anticlockwise rotation of the Ordos block.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"902 ","pages":"Article 230682"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The reservoir-induced 2023 Heyuan earthquake sequence in Guangdong, China and its geodynamic implications","authors":"Huimin Guan ,&nbsp;Jianshe Lei ,&nbsp;Dapeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To better understand the mechanism of the 2023 M4.3 Heyuan earthquake sequence, we relocate the events of this sequence during January to August 2023 and determine a focal mechanism solution of the Heyuan mainshock. A total of 565 events including the mainshock are precisely relocated using the double-difference location method. Our results show that most of the events occurred in the Shijiao-Xingang-Baitian fault zone with focal depths of 7–13 km, and the aftershocks took place above the mainshock hypocenter. This sequence has obvious spatiotemporal distribution features. Before the mainshock, the seismicity was low, but within 1.5 h following the mainshock, the sequence extended toward a shallow depth and bounced back and forth in the east-west direction. Between 1.5 and 8 h after the mainshock, the sequence gradually converged to the Shijiao-Xingang-Baitian fault. After 8 h the sequence gradually extended to the eastern part of the fault. To further ascertain the seismogenic fault, we invert waveform data for the mainshock focal mechanism. Our result shows that the Heyuan earthquake had a left-lateral normal rupture with <em>M</em>_W 4.1 and a focal depth of 9.8 km. The strike, dip, and rake angles of nodal plane I are 334°, 64°, and − 58°, whereas those of nodal plane II are 99°, 40°, and − 137°. Among the existing faults in the study area, the strike of nodal plane I is closer to that of the Shijiao-Xingang-Baitian fault, which could be the seismogenic fault. In addition, seismic tomography revealed a high-Vp/Vs anomaly in the Heyuan earthquake area, suggesting that the Xinfengjiang Reservoir infiltration can explain why the aftershocks spread eastward. These results indicate that the 2023 Heyuan earthquake sequence is related to the seepage of the Xingfengjiang Reservoir water leading to the local crustal stress field variation, which is helpful to understand the mechanism of reservoir-induced earthquakes worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"902 ","pages":"Article 230681"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Areal strain responses to Lamb waves generated from 2022 Hunga-Tonga volcano eruption","authors":"Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Angelo De Santis ,&nbsp;Gianfranco Cianchini ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Li ,&nbsp;Yuanmin Huang ,&nbsp;Xuan Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On 15 January 2022, the largest Hunga-Tonga volcano eruption ever recorded produced a plume, causing atmospheric waves that propagated from the volcanic epicenter to the surrounding areas. Although studies have reported multi-parameter responses to this eruption, the far-field areal strain on the surface remained underexplored. Here we adopted 7 parameters of the strain tensors in the far-field about 8700–13,500 km from the volcano epicenter to study their responses to the generated Lamb waves from the eruption. The results showed that at least triple perturbations could be picked up clearly from the strain curves, indicating Lamb waves propagated several times around the globe from opposite directions at the same speed of approximately 320 m/s, each lasting about 30.5 h. For the surface shear strain, we rotated the coordinates system to the radial and tangential direction of Lamb wave propagation, and found that the amplitude of the radial strain was twice that of the tangential strain. Additionally, the principal strain reflected by the Mohr strain circles is consistent with the propagation direction of Lamb waves. The results indicate that the volcano eruption caused fluctuations via the air-rock interaction induced by Lamb waves in the air.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"902 ","pages":"Article 230677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of active faulting obtained by the waveform inversion of the seismic moment tensor and InSAR analysis in Northeastern Mexico: El Corcovado seismic sequence of May to August 2023","authors":"Juan C. Montalvo-Arrieta ,&nbsp;Jorge A. Salinas-Jasso ,&nbsp;Víctor H. Espíndola ,&nbsp;Luis G. Ramos-Zuñiga ,&nbsp;Juan A. Ramírez-Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The first recorded moderate-intensity mainshock and largest aftershock in the boundary between the Basin and Range and Sierra Madre Oriental provinces are presented. This seismological evidence demonstrates the presence of active faulting in northeastern Mexico. We estimated seismic source parameters and surface deformation related to a low-moderate seismic sequence that occurred from May 11 to August 2, 2023 (3.4 ≤ <em>M</em>_d ≤ 5) in the limits of the San Luis Potosí, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas states through waveform inversion of the seismic moment tensor and InSAR analysis. The event of May 16, 2023 (<em>M</em>_d 5.0, <em>M</em>_w 4.92) is the biggest earthquake instrumentally recorded in this region. The mainshock and the largest aftershock (June 5, 2023; <em>M</em>_d 4.9, <em>M</em>_w 4.86) earthquakes were well-recorded over 100–330 km by broadband stations installed in central and northeastern Mexico. Here, it is suggested that both earthquakes were associated with the rupture of El Corcovado normal fault. We estimated a rupture area of approximately 11 km² with an average displacement of 7 cm. Fault plane solutions of the mainshock were strike 358°, dip 39°, rake −90°, and Mo 2.685e+16 Nm. El Corcovado fault is associated with a set of normal faults NNW-SSE trending located along the boundary between the Basin and Range and the Sierra Madre Oriental provinces. Such considerations lead to a review of the neotectonic setting of northeastern Mexico and the associated seismic hazard assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"902 ","pages":"Article 230668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bathymetric and structural insights into the Islas Marías Archipelago, Mexico, and surrounding areas","authors":"Felipe de Jesús Escalona-Alcázar ,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Núñez-Cornú ,&nbsp;Diana Núñez ,&nbsp;Diego Córdoba-Barba","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Islas Marías Archipelago is located south of the Gulf of California. This study presents a structural geologic analysis of María Madre Island, coupled with a detailed bathymetric survey of the surrounding area. Our goal is to delineate the deformation geometry and identify new morphostructural features in the region. Bedding tilting coincided with normal faulting of the lower member of the Ojo de Buey sequence, likely at the end of the Pliocene or the beginning of the Pleistocene, associated with the early stage of the Gulf of California rifting. Seismic reflection profiles from previous studies indicate that the West Ranges are within a thinned continental crust, structurally controlled by the María, Magdalena, and South Magdalena faults. Furthermore, a detailed bathymetric survey and orthoimages from the islands revealed structural lineaments in both oceanic and continental crust. In the continental crust, these lineaments have a preferred orientation between 050° to 090°, similar to the faulting trend on María Madre Island. However, they are oblique to those in the oceanic crust and mainland Mexico. We propose that María Madre Island may have undergone a 50° clockwise rotation. If we apply a counterclockwise rotation of this magnitude to the faults and lineaments in the continental crust of the archipelago and the region west of it, their preferred orientation becomes parallel to the Tamayo Fracture Zone in the oceanic crust, the San Blas fault within the continental shield and, the Tepic-Zacolaco rift extending eastward into mainland Mexico. This suggests that rotation affected the continental crust, either west of Puerto Vallarta, in the archipelago, or the West Ranges, while the oceanic crust remained relatively unaffected. We propose the term “Islas Marías Block” to designate a fragment of continental crust encompassing the archipelago and the West Ranges, which share a common deformation style.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"901 ","pages":"Article 230669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}