Tectonophysics最新文献

{"title":"Lithospheric control on the deep mantle carbon transfer in the Magadi-Natron basins, East Africa","authors":"Xinxin Wang ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Yang ,&nbsp;Liang Zhao ,&nbsp;Gang Lu ,&nbsp;Ziqi Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mantle-derived carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions during continental rifting are linked to climate change. The Archean cratonic mantle lithosphere has been considered a carbon reservoir that truncates ascending carbon-rich melts at its base, releasing huge amount of mantle CO₂ in the surrounding rift basins. These emissions are believed to be remobilized from the carbon-rich cratonic lithosphere. However, the mechanisms by which mantle carbon is reactivated from the craton to the surrounding rift basins remain poorly understood. Hence, we conducted petrological-thermomechanical modeling to investigate the migration and decarbonation processes of the carbonate-metasomatized mantle lithosphere (CMML) across the craton-mobile belt boundary during continental rifting. The model results show that for a thicker, lighter, and higher water (H₂O) content CMML, and a faster model extension, the CMML layer can be removed by the lateral advection and ascent from the craton margin to the rift basin formed in the adjacent mobile belt. Considering the 184 km long Magadi-Natron basins in East Africa, we observed that these processes generate a metamorphic CO₂ degassing flux of 0.19–0.56 Mt./yr across the rift basins. Based on the model results, we suggest that the carbon transit from the Archean Tanzanian craton into the Proterozoic Mozambique Belt boundary may be explained by the CMML migration processes. Our modeled CO₂ degassing flux provides lower bounds for the diffuse mantle CO₂ flux along faults in the Magadi-Natron basins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"910 ","pages":"Article 230829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144320790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrence of large earthquakes along the southern Xainza-Dinggye rift and comparison with the 7 January 2025, Mw7.1 Tingri earthquake, southern Tibet","authors":"Kungang Wu ,&nbsp;Marie-Luce Chevalier ,&nbsp;Jiawei Pan ,&nbsp;Fucai Liu ,&nbsp;Shaohua Yang ,&nbsp;Siqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Su ,&nbsp;Haibing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Southern Tibet is dissected by seven NS-trending rifts bounded by normal faults absorbing ∼9 mm/yr of EW extension over ∼1000 km. While large earthquakes are rare in this remote region, the occurrence of the 7 January 2025, M_w7.1 Tingri earthquake on a fault with a known long-term throw rate, presents a great opportunity to compare co-seismic deformation with long-term fault behavior. Here, we first report our main post-earthquake field observations along the seismogenic Dingmuco fault (0.9 m of co-seismic vertical offset) and Lagoi fault within the southern Xainza-Dinggye rift. We then compare these observations with late Quaternary throw and extension rates along the Dingmuco fault, derived from ¹⁰Be surface-exposure dating and topographic measurements of cumulative offsets. Our results yield throw rate and extension rates of 1.1(+0.5/−0.2) and 1.1 ± 0.3 mm/yr, respectively, over the past 19 ± 5 ka. This suggests that this relatively short fault plays a substantial role, accommodating roughly 12 % of the total EW extension across southern Tibet. These findings imply an average recurrence interval of ∼800 years for earthquakes of similar magnitude along the Dingmuco fault.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"910 ","pages":"Article 230827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay between lateral extension and subsidence in large pull-apart basins resolved by 3D numerical modeling of the Dead Sea Basin","authors":"Nadav Wetzler ,&nbsp;Amir Sagy ,&nbsp;Shaked Engelberg ,&nbsp;Shmuel Marco ,&nbsp;Vladimir Lyakhovsky","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evolution of large and deep interplate pull-apart basins is commonly associated with crustal extension, which promotes subsidence, sediment accumulation, Moho uplift, and elevated heat flux. However, the Dead Sea Basin departs from this tectonic model with a relatively cold and thick crust and earthquake activity down to the Moho at ∼30 km depth. The Dead Sea basin is subdivided into two sub-basins, with its deepest part at the south. Supported by previous geological, geophysical, and seismological observations, we suggest that the modern tectonic geometry of the basin evolved in two general phases. The evolutionary phases are manifested in differences in the seismicity patterns, where in the north, the longitudinal faults merge at a depth (below 17 km). In contrast, in the south, the faults remain separated. To examine the contribution of the lateral extension to the basin subsidence, we apply 3-D numerical modeling, resulting in an insufficient subsidence rate (0.3 mm/year) to explain the thickness of the sediments (∼8 km). We test whether the lateral extension plus a hypothetical magmatic intrusion explains the observed anomalies in the basin structure. Our calculation suggests that the basin evolved by a combination of two phases in which the subsidence rates accelerated from 0.3 mm/year to 0.7 mm/year at ∼5 Ma. The northern part of the basin is formed by extensional tectonics, whereas a deep magmatic intrusion could have facilitated the subsidence in the southern part of the basin. We find that the relatively low lateral slip rates in the basin enabled the cooling of the intruded crust and increased its density, which in turn intensified the subsidence rate. This scenario highlights the interplay between lateral extension and subsidence in shaping the structural and seismic characteristics of large pull-apart basins and provides a plausible explanation for the unusual depth of the Dead Sea Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"910 ","pages":"Article 230823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How deformation shapes the Salar de Antofalla, southern Puna: Insights from a 4D kinematic-dynamic model","authors":"Laura Giambiagi ,&nbsp;Julieta Suriano ,&nbsp;Diego Jaldin ,&nbsp;Lucas Lothari ,&nbsp;Andrés Echaurren ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Quiroga ,&nbsp;Matías Barrionuevo ,&nbsp;José Mescua ,&nbsp;Macarena Bertoa del Llano ,&nbsp;Ahmad Arnous","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The southern Puna, characterized by salt flats, known as salars, offers key insights into how deformation during changing tectonic stress regimes influences sedimentation and basin floor subsidence in subduction-related orogens. This study focuses on the Salar de Antofalla, one of the most elongated salt flat basins in the Puna. Through structural mapping and paleostress reconstruction, we investigate the regional stress field evolution during orogeny and salar basin formation, and propose a 4D kinematic-dynamic model for the formation of the Salar de Antofalla and Salar del Fraile. Results reveal that between ∼20 and ∼ 14 Ma, the region was under a reverse faulting stress regime, followed by a transition to a strike-slip/reverse faulting regime, and eventually to a pure strike-slip faulting regime after 9 Ma. The transition from 14 to 9 Ma was marked by the activation of dextral NW-striking fault systems like the Archibarca fault, which exhibited high dilation and were linked to contemporaneous volcanic activity. From 9 to 4 Ma, the pure strike-slip faulting stress regime, characterized by E-W σ₁ and N-S σ₃, promoted the development of NE-striking dextral faults and the reactivation of sinistral NW-striking faults. This led to the formation of small salt flat basins, such as Salar del Fraile and Lower Juncalito, up to 4 Ma. After 4 Ma, a shift in σ₁ orientation toward SW-NE facilitated the formation of the NNE-striking Salar de Antofalla fault system. The connection of dextral faults of this system played a key role in the salar's formation, with dextral movement and local transtension driving subsidence. This study suggests that the Salar de Antofalla's formation resulted from dextral fault interactions and transtensional activity rather than solely compressional or extensional forces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"910 ","pages":"Article 230826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress field near the fault edges of a medium-sized earthquake -Possibility of stress relaxation occurring before the earthquake","authors":"Yoshihisa Iio ,&nbsp;Shinya Katoh ,&nbsp;Kazuhide Tomisaka ,&nbsp;Masayo Sawada ,&nbsp;Shunta Noda ,&nbsp;Issei Doi","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By analyzing aftershock focal mechanisms of a magnitude 5.6 earthquake, we estimated the stress field around the fault in detail, and found that the direction of the σ1 axis had deviated from horizontal near the fault ends in the hanging wall of the fault. This rotation was not seen before the earthquake, and is consistent with the stress changes caused by the earthquake. It is inferred from these results that the differential stress was very small before the earthquake near the fault ends. On the other hand, there was no rotation of the σ1 axis near the fault except for the ends of the fault, and then it is estimated that the differential stress before the earthquake at the center of the fault was quite large, much larger than the stress changes at the end of the fault. These results suggest that stress relaxation may have occurred near the fault ends before the earthquake. This is consistent with the results of the 2017 Central Tottori earthquake (M6.8), in which the stress state near the fault ends was estimated for the first time from a large amount of high-precision aftershock data. The present study is considered important because a wealth of data is available even before the earthquake, and the stress field before the earthquake can be regarded as homogeneous even near the fault, showing no rotation of the σ1 axis. In the future, it will be important to investigate whether this result holds for other earthquakes of different sizes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"910 ","pages":"Article 230825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extension rate variations across the South Tibetan rifts – New data from the northern Xainza-Dinggye Graben","authors":"Marie-Luce Chevalier ,&nbsp;Ziqi Fang ,&nbsp;Shenqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Jiawei Pan ,&nbsp;Haibing Li ,&nbsp;Kungang Wu ,&nbsp;Fucai Liu ,&nbsp;Junyi Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The active ∼NS-trending rifts in southern Tibet reflect ongoing ∼EW extension alongside ∼NS shortening from the India-Asia collision. Quantifying late Quaternary extension rates is essential to comprehend Tibetan deformation and evolution. Here, we test whether extension rates across the Xainza-Dinggye rift (XDR) are on the same order as those along the Yadong-Gulu rift (YGR), and whether a similar northward increase in extension rate exists along the XDR due to interaction with the dextral Gyaring Co fault to its north as exists along the YGR due to interaction with the dextral Beng Co fault to the north, where rates increase from 0.8 to 1.3 to 3–6 mm/yr from south to north. We use ¹⁰Be cosmogenic dating and topographic surveying at three sites along the northernmost XDR, where geomorphic surfaces are vertically offset by several normal faults bounding the western side of the graben. Our results suggest extension rates &lt;1 mm/yr, i.e., much smaller than those across the YGR, except where surfaces are younger than the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). This suggests a post-LGM rate acceleration following glacier melting and post-glacial rebound due to fault unloading. Therefore, we may need to reconsider the previous assumption of a constant extension rate of 1.3 mm/yr across each of the seven main rifts yielding a total extension rate of 9 ± 2 mm/yr across southern Tibet. We infer that only the larger and more continuous rifts may absorb significant horizontal extension, compared to smaller rifts which may absorb less. Importantly, that extension rates do not increase northwards along the XDR may be due to its particular orientation perpendicular to the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT), compared to other rifts that are more oblique to it. This reinforces earlier inferences that the rifts are related to divergent, orthogonal thrusting along the curved Himalayan MFT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"910 ","pages":"Article 230824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging the subsurface location of a hidden fault using autocorrelations of ambient seismic noise recorded by a dense linear seismic array","authors":"Chunhua Shi ,&nbsp;Jiafu Hu ,&nbsp;Hengchu Peng ,&nbsp;Haiyan Yang ,&nbsp;Hong Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhaoli Zhu ,&nbsp;Wei Jia ,&nbsp;José Badal","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ambient noise autocorrelations functions (ACFs) can elucidate the body-wave reflectivity of the local structure beneath single seismic stations without the need for active sources or earthquakes. However, the large-amplitude signal of the near-zero-lag time in the ACF can interfere with the target reflection(s), thereby hindering the ability to determine the precise location of hidden faults in shallow sediments. In this study, a ∼ 1.2-km-long dense linear seismic array consisting of 30 three-component geophones was deployed orthogonal to the Puqian–Qinglan Fault in Hainan province, China, to image the shallow structure around the fault. Using three components of the noise records, we calculate the ACFs beneath single stations and then subtract the average source time function from the individual ACFs to obtain the body-wave reflectivity section. We then convert the zero-offset reflectivity from the time domain to the depth domain using a constant S-wave velocity of 200 m/s. We also analyse the zero-offset reflectivity by stacking the cross-correlation functions of nearby traces originating from virtual source gathers. The results reveal that the depth to basement increases suddenly from ∼60 m to ∼110 m at ∼360 m profile distance, which we ascribe to offset on the Puqian–Qinglan Fault. This conclusion is verified by an engineering geological study, thereby demonstrating that the ambient noise technique used here may be particularly useful for imaging the near-surface basement structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"910 ","pages":"Article 230821"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small-scale heterogeneities near the upper and lower mantle boundary beneath subduction zones","authors":"Satoshi Kaneshima","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small-scale compositional heterogeneity near the upper and lower mantle boundary below circum-Pacific subduction zones is investigated. We array-process seismograms of deep earthquakes recorded by large-aperture seismic networks at western US, Japan, and Alaska with the aim of examining anomalous signals in the P coda until about 35 s after direct P wave. The signals arrive from the directions close to the direct P wave. The signal amplitudes decay with delay time after the direct P wave and the decay feature apparently depends on focal depth. The signals most likely arise from S-to-P and P-to-P scattering within the lower and/or upper mantle around the foci. We show by applying a stochastic scattering theory for randomly heterogeneous media that the observations are matched well by density and rigidity anomalies of spatial scale on the order of 10 km, which diminish below about 700 km depth. The observations are matched if the rigidity anomaly is of the same sign and three to four times as large as the density anomaly. These properties of the scattering objects could be consistent with the predicted elastic anomalies of basalt near the upper and lower mantle boundary relative to the surrounding mantle of pyrolytic composition. The estimated weak degree of density heterogeneity, on the order of 0.01 to 0.1 %, may reflect sparse distribution of basaltic material of 10 km scale in the uppermost 100 km of the lower mantle possibly resulting from the significantly smaller density of basalt than the surrounding rock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"910 ","pages":"Article 230820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fault interactions and subsurface deformation in the Mexicali Valley: Implications for seismic hazard assessment at the México-USA border","authors":"Cristian A. Gallegos-Castillo ,&nbsp;Mario González-Escobar ,&nbsp;Jaime A. Reyes-López ,&nbsp;Joann M. Stock ,&nbsp;Sergio M. Arregui-Ojeda ,&nbsp;Carlos Simón Reyes-Martínez ,&nbsp;Edgar A. Mastache-Román","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates both previously known and unidentified subsurface deformation structures in the northwesternmost sector of the Mexicali Valley, México, near the international border with the USA. Several subsurface structures, including the Michoacán fault, have been identified between the Imperial-Laguna Salada fault zones by analyzing seismic reflection profiles, and their locations have been correlated with seismicity patterns. This study highlights the northward extension of the Michoacán fault beyond the border with the United States. While the trace of this fault has been reported elsewhere, some evidence has associated the existing deformation with a distinct, previously unknown structure; herein, named the Progreso Fault. The Dixieland Fault (USA) is not observed in México; however, the interaction of these faults plays a significant role in the regional seismic activity. Slip is distributed throughout the sector and is not concentrated on specific faults such as the Michoacán or Imperial. Faults with different orientations located between the Michoacán and Imperial Fault zones represent the potential northern limit of the Cerro Prieto Pull-Apart Basin. Additionally, several sub-basins have been identified in the study area. Although the two-dimensional seismic imagery used in this study does not allow for slip rate calculations on the faults, the observed structures provide valuable information about displacement and subsurface deformation in the region. The structures reported here contribute to the SCEC Community Fault Model (CFM), which integrates seismic reflection and other geological and geophysical data to define fault geometries. The CFM serves as a key input for physics-based fault system modeling and probabilistic seismic hazard assessments, including the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3). Consequently, the findings will aid in understanding regional fault interactions, providing essential constraints for future research and facilitating a better understanding of seismic hazards in the México-USA border region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"910 ","pages":"Article 230803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Present-day stress field in SE margin of Tibetan plateau by comprehensive updated earthquake focal mechanisms and its tectonic implications","authors":"Jianhui Tian ,&nbsp;Yuan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Sichuan-Yunnan region of the SE and E margin of the Tibetan Plateau, situated at the transitional nexus between the seismically-active and intensely-deformed Tibetan Plateau and the tectonically stable Yangtze block with comparatively low seismicity, has experienced substantial tectonic transformations during the Quaternary. Given the pronounced seismicity, there is an escalating imperative for an accurate and refined distribution of the stress field in the region. To unravel the contemporary stress state within major active blocks and along active faults in the study area, the tectonic stress field is calculated by comprehensive updated earthquake focal mechanisms catalogue. The tectonic stress field in Sichuan-Yunnan region exhibits significant lateral variations in direction and stress pattern. The directions of the maximum and minimum principal stress in the north are nearly E-W compressions and N-S tensions, respectively. Conversely, in the south, there is a discernible clockwise rotation trend from east to west. Localized normal faulting stress regimes are observed in the middle section of Xianshuihe fault and SW side of Litang fault. The extensional environment of the former may be attributed to the tectonic activities such as block translation, clockwise rotation and the strike variation of the Xianshuihe fault from NW-SW to NNW-SSE. The latter may be related to the extensional structures, rift basins and the normal fault movements in the crust formed by the detachment of the plates and delamination of the mountain roots at the end of Triassic. We also found that the stress field under the large faults, such as Longmenshan fault, Red River fault, Xiaojiang fault and Lijiang-Xiaojinhe fault, show segmented variation. The findings yield invaluable insights into the intricate dynamics of tectonic deformation along the SE and E margin of the Tibetan Plateau.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22257,"journal":{"name":"Tectonophysics","volume":"910 ","pages":"Article 230817"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}