Synthetic Metals最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the ligand effects on Pt(Ⅱ) carbene complexes for rapid, efficient and narrow-spectra blue phosphorescence","authors":"Zhenchun Li ,&nbsp;Yu Chang ,&nbsp;Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Junjie Lin ,&nbsp;Wenhuan Wang ,&nbsp;Qinghua Xia ,&nbsp;Longfei Ruan ,&nbsp;Cong Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Chun Hang","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tetradentate Pt(II) complexes, comprising of benzoimidazolyl N-heterocyclic carbene (BI-NHC) coordination, have shown superior performance in blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). Here, four frame-structured complexes were synthesized to explore the intrinsic ligand effect for rapid, efficient and narrow-spectra blue phosphorescence through experimental analyses and theoretical calculations. We found carbazolylpridine (CzPy) chelating part in Pt(II) BI-NHC complexes dominates the phosphorescence with the suppression of metal-centered transition and electron-vibration coupling. Consequently, the CzPy chelated complexes (<strong>PtN-dip</strong> and <strong>PtN-dtb</strong>) achieved high luminescent efficiency, rapid radiative decay rate (<em>k</em>_r) and narrow emission spectra. The peripheral substituent 2,6-di-<em>iso</em>-propylphenyl (dip) on NHC of <strong>PtN-dip</strong> constrains the molecule, significantly reducing the non-radiative decay rate (<em>k</em>_nr) and enhancing the efficiency. The 3,5-di-<em>tert</em>-butylphenyl (dtb) in <strong>PtN-dtb</strong> could enhances low-frequency vibration coupling that could expedite the excitons decay, resulting in higher <em>k</em>_r and <em>k</em>_nr. This work unveils the intrinsic factors behind the ligand effects of Pt(II) BI-NHC based complexes, leading to a rapid, efficient and narrow-spectra phosphorescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 117761"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of low-frequency current fluctuations in measuring the mobility of holes in the MEH-PPV polymer","authors":"Jiří Toušek ,&nbsp;Jana Toušková ,&nbsp;Ivo Křivka ,&nbsp;Bita Ghasemi ,&nbsp;Ivo Kuřitka ,&nbsp;Pavel Urbánek","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A diagnostic method based on the evaluation of low-frequency current fluctuation spectra is presented. When measuring the current through a p-type MEH-PPV sample, the occurrence of fluctuation is observable which can be measured with an AC amplifier. A model has been proposed that proves that the fluctuations originate from the interaction between the valence band and the band gap traps. The mean value of the amplitudes of these fluctuations increases linearly with decreasing frequency with a slope from which the product of mobility and lifetime of current carriers <em>µ</em>_<em>p</em><em>τ</em>_<em>p</em> <em>=</em> (9 ± 3) × 10⁻¹⁵ cm²V⁻¹ was obtained. The hole lifetime of (0.27 ± 0.01) ns was evaluated from the luminescence relaxation using the time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) technique. The mobility value (3 ± 1) × 10⁻⁵ cm² V⁻¹s⁻¹ calculated using the above methods was compared with the mobility 1.8 × 10⁻⁵ cm² V⁻¹s⁻¹ determined by the CELIV method (Charge extraction by linearly increasing voltage) and good agreement was obtained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 117764"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New blue emitters based on anthracene through charge transfer control","authors":"Changmin Lee ,&nbsp;Sangwook Park ,&nbsp;Hyukmin Kwon ,&nbsp;Kiho Lee ,&nbsp;Hayoon Lee ,&nbsp;Seokwoo Kang ,&nbsp;Dongmin Park ,&nbsp;Jongwook Park","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We designed new moieties with varying electron-donating effects and sizes based on diphenylamine and introduced them into anthracene to synthesize three types of emitting materials. All three materials exhibited high thermal stability with glass transition temperatures above 175°C, confirming their potential as OLED emitters. Devices doped with N₉,N₉,N₁₀,N₁₀-tetraphenylanthracene-9,10-diamine (TAD), where diphenyl amine is substituted on both sides, and N₉,N₁₀-di([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N₉,N₁₀-bis(dibenzo[<em>b</em>,<em>d</em>]furan-2-yl)anthracene-9,10 diamine (ABFA), with a fused side group of diphenyl amine and dibenzofuran, showed EQEs of 1.28 % and 3.57 % respectively. Due to the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), they exhibited EL_max values at 517 nm and 538 nm. On the other hand, the device doped with N,N′-(anthracene-9,10-diylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(N-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)dibenzo[<em>b</em>,<em>d</em>]furan-2-amine) (APBFA), which has optimized side groups that suppress ICT and intermolecular packing, achieved a relatively high EQE of 4.48 % and showed blue emission with CIE coordinates of (0.146, 0.142).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 117762"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetric main-chain twisted small molecules for efficient polymer solar cells","authors":"Shengna Liu ,&nbsp;Baofeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Weiping Wang ,&nbsp;Liuchang Wang ,&nbsp;Haimei Wu ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Cong ,&nbsp;Guanghao Lu ,&nbsp;Chao Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on small molecules with twisted backbones as electron acceptors, have many advantages over their planar counterparts, such as upshifted molecular energy levels, better charge extraction performance, enhanced extinction coefficient, extended carrier lifetime and reduced recombination rate, which are very helpful in improving the power conversion efficiencies (PCE). The present study was designed to synthesize two new small molecules with main-chain twisted structures that include an asymmetric electron donor core thiophene-phenylene-thieno[3,2-<em>b</em>]thiophene, namely <strong>i-T-TT</strong> and <strong>i-T-TT-4F</strong>, to investigate the “structure-property” correlation of main-chain twisted acceptors. Both asymmetric molecules exhibit bent geometric structures, and the fluorinated acceptor <strong>i-T-TT-4F</strong> possesses a more red-shifted spectrum, improved molar extinction coefficient, and deepened molecular energy levels. As a result, when combined with the middle bandgap polymer donor J52, there was a remarkable efficiency of 12.22 % for the device of <strong>i-T-TT-4F</strong>, higher than that of <strong>i-T-TT</strong> (9.51 %). Our research illustrates the importance of the main-chain twisted asymmetric electron-donating core and fluorinated end-capping group in the construction of efficient PSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 117763"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Nonlinear Dynamics In Brain Functionality Through Phase Portraits And Fuzzy Recurrence Plots.","authors":"Qiang Li, Vince D Calhoun, Tuan D Pham, Armin Iraji","doi":"10.1101/2023.07.06.547922","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.07.06.547922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Much of the complexity and diversity found in nature is driven by nonlinear phenomena, and this holds true for the brain. Nonlinear dynamics theory has been successfully utilized in explaining brain functions from a biophysics standpoint, and the field of statistical physics continues to make substantial progress in understanding brain connectivity and function. This study delves into complex brain functional connectivity using biophysical nonlinear dynamics approaches. We aim to uncover hidden information in high-dimensional and nonlinear neural signals, with the hope of providing a useful tool for analyzing information transitions in functionally complex networks. By utilizing phase portraits and fuzzy recurrence plots, we investigated the latent information in the functional connectivity of complex brain networks. Our numerical experiments, which include synthetic linear dynamics neural time series and a biophysically realistic neural mass model, showed that phase portraits and fuzzy recurrence plots are highly sensitive to changes in neural dynamics and can also be used to predict functional connectivity based on structural connectivity. Furthermore, the results showed that phase trajectories of neuronal activity encode low-dimensional dynamics, and the geometric properties of the limit-cycle attractor formed by the phase portraits can be used to explain the neurodynamics. Additionally, our results showed that the phase portrait and fuzzy recurrence plots can be used as functional connectivity descriptors, and both metrics were able to capture and explain nonlinear dynamics behavior during specific cognitive tasks. In conclusion, our findings suggest that phase portraits and fuzzy recurrence plots could be highly effective as functional connectivity descriptors, providing valuable insights into nonlinear dynamics in the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10888921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78199155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of X-encapsulated (X= F−, Cl−, Br−) and doped B38 (Al or N atom) nanocages for lithium-ion Batteries","authors":"Jabir H. Al-Fahemi ,&nbsp;Kamal A. Soliman","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study investigates the structural and electronic properties of the B₃₈ nanocage, focusing on its interaction with Li and Li⁺ ions for Li-ion batteries. The doping B₃₈ with aluminum (Al) or nitrogen (N), and the encapsulation of halides (<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>, <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Cl</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>, <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Br</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>) were studied. Structural optimization and geometry relaxation using DFT methods reveal that replacing a boron atom with Al or N leads to altered bond lengths, and charge distribution in the nanocage. The results reveal that doped B38 with positive Gibbs free energy of the cell (6.27 kcal/mol for AlB₃₇, and 3.74 kcal/mol for B₃₇N) and negative cell voltage (-0.27 V for AlB₃₇, and −0.16 V for B₃₇N) make electrochemical reaction is unfavorable under the current conditions. Encapsulation of halides showed promise in enhancing the cell voltage for Li-ion battery applications, with Li/<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Cl</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>-B₃₈ (3.40 V), Li/<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Br</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>-B₃₈ (3.32 V), and with Li/<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>-B₃₈ achieving the highest cell potential of 3.49 V. Encapsulated nanocages exhibit changes in interaction energy values with Li/Li⁺, suggesting potential for use as anodes in Li-ion batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 117758"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of rGO based hybrid composite buckypaper cathodes by using copper oxide polysulfide adsorbent for Li-S batteries","authors":"Cem ADALI ,&nbsp;Hilal GÜNSEL","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium-sulfur batteries are particularly noteworthy for applications requiring large capacity and long battery life. Transition metal oxides have emerged as polar host materials for lithium polysulfides to further modulate the bonding energy with polysulfides and increase the coupling density of the electrodes. Polar metal oxides naturally adsorb polysulfides on their hydrophilic surfaces. In this study, the polysulfide adsorbing ability of CuO against the shuttle effect is utilized. For this purpose, copper(II) oxide (CuO) is used as polysulfide adsorbent and CuO - reduced Graphene Oxide / Sulphur (CuO-rGO/S) hybrid composite buckypaper electrodes are produced as cathodes in Li-S batteries without using binders. In this work, optical, morphological and structural analyzes of composite films were carried out by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, respectively. After the CR2032 button cell was assembled using the produced cathode materials, cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge-discharge performance tests, rate capability and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyzes were performed to investigate the Li-S battery capacities. With the CuO-rGO/S hybrid composite cathode containing 2 % CuO, a discharge capacity of 1205 mAh g⁻¹ was obtained in the first cycle. At the end of the 1000 cycles, the discharge capacity of the cathode was achieved as high as 696 mAh g⁻¹. As a result, the battery capacity of rGO/S-based composite electrodes has been improved by taking advantage of CuO added to the cathode structure to adsorb polysulfides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 117759"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensor properties for Fe3+ and synthesis of new a bis –(3-(benzhydryloxy) propanoate) phthalocyaninato silicon (IV)","authors":"Derya Güngördü Solğun,&nbsp;Mehmet Salih Ağırtaş","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, 3-(benzhydryloxy) propanoic acid (<strong>2</strong>) and bis –(3-(benzhydryloxy) propanoate) phthalocyaninato silicon (IV) (<strong>3</strong>) compounds were synthesized. Their compound structures were characterized with the help of IR, UV–visible, mass and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Aggregation and solubility of the compounds were tested. Finally, the metal sensor property of the axial phthalocyanine compound was investigated against Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, Mg²⁺, Mn²⁺, Na⁺, Zn²⁺, Ag⁺, Ba²⁺, Cd²⁺ ions. It was determined that the compound was selectively sensitive to Fe³⁺. The optical detection of Fe³⁺ ions in the presence of Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, Mg²⁺, Mn²⁺, Na⁺, Zn²⁺, Ag⁺, Ba²⁺, Cd²⁺ ions shows that this material can be used for easy and practical analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 117760"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects of MXene-based nanocomposites: Properties, synthesis techniques, and their applications in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices","authors":"Asha Raveendran ,&nbsp;Mijun Chandran ,&nbsp;Ragupathy Dhanusuraman","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental sustainability and energy availability are among the few challenges faced in the 21st century leading to the need for scalable, efficient and reliable energy storage and conversion systems. Among the renewable energy resources like solar, wind and tidal, electrochemical processes come as promising strategies due to their compatibility and efficiency, which could also address the challenges faced by conventional energy storage and conversion techniques in terms of both economic and environmental aspects. This review delves in the introduction of 2 dimensional material MXene while understanding the properties and synthesis techniques and their various applications in batteries, supercapacitors, fuels cells and electrolysers. It also explores how various MXenes derived from their respective MAX phase precursors acts electrode materials &amp; electrocatalysts and how they influence the electrochemical activity. The review highlights the latest advancements of utilising MXene in upcoming technologies such as Direct Alcohol fuel cell (DAFC), supercapacitors, batteries as well as water electrolysers which have potential for large scale renewable energy storage and conversion applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 117756"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142359133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A versatile GdFeO3/NiO@g-C3N4 ternary hetero-structure photo catalyst for effective photo-degradation and adsorption of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin from wastewater","authors":"Shahid Iqbal ,&nbsp;Firdous Bibi ,&nbsp;Safaa S. Taha ,&nbsp;Mohamed Mohany ,&nbsp;Rashid Iqbal ,&nbsp;Ambreen Kalsoom ,&nbsp;Khursheed Ahmad ,&nbsp;Adeel ahmed ,&nbsp;Muhammad Jamshaid","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2024.117757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In modern times, effective removal of pharmaceutical effluents from wastewater is considered an alarming issue. In our research efforts, we have synthesized NiO and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄)-decorated ternary GdFeO₃/NiO@g-C₃N₄ heterostructure nanocomposites (NCs) for the enhanced removal of tetracycline (TC) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) antibiotics from wastewater. The GdFeO₃ nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated using a facile one-pot hydrothermal approach and the ternary NCs via an ultra-sonication approach. The structural investigation of the as-fabricated materials revealed single-phase GdFeO₃ and the effective fabrication of GdFeO₃/NiO@g-C₃N₄ NCs. Morphological analysis exhibited a round, spherical flake-like structure with heterogeneous morphology. The BET and I-V analysis exhibited improved surface and electrical features and was observed to be 43, 87, and 117 m²/g and 6.51 <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁻⁴ S/m, 3.67<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁻² S/m, and 84.81 S/m for GdFeO₃ NPs, GdFeO₃/NiO NPs, and GdFeO₃/NiO@g-C₃N₄ NCs, respectively. A decline in the PL intensity was observed, which exhibited the excellent separation and stabilization of the photo-genic charge pair’s. Optical band gap energy for GdFeO₃ NPs, GdFeO₃/NiO NPs, and GdFeO₃/NiO@g-C₃N₄ NCs was observed to be 2.34, 2.19, and 2.03 (eV), respectively. The GdFeO₃/NiO@g-C₃N₄ NCs show excellent photo-degradation of CIP and TC antibiotics under visible light, achieving 92.42 % and 94.23 % in 45 min with 4.7 % and 5.1 % removal via adsorption. Reusability testing exhibited only 1.3 % loss in catalytic activities after 5 runs. The h^{+, •}O₂^-, and the (^•OH) radicals are the primarily involved in the photo-degradation of CIP and TC. The g-C₃N₄-based GdFeO₃/NiO@g-C₃N₄ NCs with their highly conducting nature, the narrow band gap, improved electrical and optical properties, well-porous structures, and excellent photocatalytic activities against environmental pollutants might have advantageous applications in photo-catalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 117757"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}