Synthetic Metals最新文献

{"title":"Ternary organic photovoltaic solar cells based on quinoxaline polymers with an acceptor – Acceptor backbone","authors":"Yijia Geng ,&nbsp;Xingjian Jiang ,&nbsp;Daizhe Wang ,&nbsp;Leonid Kulik ,&nbsp;Ming Liu ,&nbsp;Kaiyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanzuo Li ,&nbsp;Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Incorporating a ternary system in organic solar cells (OSCs) is considered a promising strategy for enhancing their performance. In this study, a PDTBT-Qx polymer was designed and synthesized, incorporating quinoxaline with long alkyl side chains as one unit and DTBT as the other. The incorporation of PDTBT-Qx as a third component into the PM6:L8-BO system improved donor–acceptor compatibility, facilitated the phase separation, and promoted crystallization within the blend. When the addition of 10 wt% PDTBT-Qx, the ternary device achieved optimal photovoltaic performance, with a short-circuit current density (<em>J</em>_SC) of 23.61 mA cm⁻², a fill factor (FF) of 69.71 %, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.83 %. This is because the inclusion of PDTBT-Qx enhances solar energy utilization owing to complementary light absorption and reduced charge recombination losses. Meanwhile, the dissociation of excitons was facilitated, and the charge collection was promoted. This study demonstrates the potential of quinoxaline-based materials, including broad-spectrum absorption and low recombination energy, which makes it a promising third component candidate for high-performance ternary OSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 117975"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid nanofluids flow in eccentric annuli under contracting and expanding wall motion","authors":"T. Salahuddin ,&nbsp;Mohsin Ali ,&nbsp;Muhammad Awais ,&nbsp;Mair Khan ,&nbsp;Basem Al Alwan","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117974","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nanofluids have been developed as promising thermal transferal fluids due to their enriched thermophysical properties, despite contradictions in reported results and an incomplete understanding of their heat transfer mechanisms. The researchers attempted to employ hybrid nanofluid, which was created by suspending dissimilar nanoparticles in composite or mixture form, as part of their ongoing investigation into nanofluids. The purpose of employing hybrid nanofluid is to improve heat transfer significantly. Modified nanofluid model is the generalized form of hybrid nanofluid and simple nanofluid model. Utilizing a mathematical model, a comparative analysis of nanofluid &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, hybrid &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and modified &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; nanofluids flow driven by contracting and expanding mechanism through eccentric annuli. Three distinct nanoparticles are introduced in this instance, significantly improving the base fluid's heat conductivity. For this analysis alumina, copper and nickel are treated as nano-particles and water as a base fluid. The model assumed here is pumping of water mixture filled with different nano-particles through circular eccentric cylinders and it is inspired due to the fact that thread injection is a likely technique for placing medical implants within the human body with least surgical trauma. The conversion of energy in the form of exothermic reaction is assumed to enhance the temperature of eccentric system. Similar to the structure of an artery, the outer cylinder contains a sinusoidal wave that travels down to its boundaries in the form of concentration and relaxation events, while the inner cylinder is invariant, solid, and flowing at a constant velocity. Long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximation is used for analytic solution. The governing non-linear partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations by perturbation technique and are solved by mathematic software. Next we compared graphical significance of nanofluid &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 117974"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible n-type carbon nanotube film/poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline):polyethyleneimine thermoelectric composites","authors":"Yifan Wang,&nbsp;Xiaohua Liu,&nbsp;Yong Du","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A macroscopic carbon nanotube film/poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline):polyethyleneimine (CNTF/BBL:PEI) composite was prepared via a simple impregnation process. The CNTF/BBL:PEI composite exhibited a power factor of 525.8 μWm⁻¹K⁻² at 360 K, with corresponding electrical conductivity of 1121.8 S/cm and Seebeck coefficient of −68.6 μV/K. After being encapsulated with polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polystyrene (SIS), the corresponding CNTF/BBL:PEI-SIS composite demonstrated favorable environmental stability, with the power factor decreasing within 5 % after 15-day air exposure. Additionally, the CNTF/BBL:PEI-SIS composite exhibited good flexibility, maintaining 87.0 % of its original power factor even after 2000 bending cycles. Compared to the pristine CNTF, the CNTF/BBL:PEI-SIS composite displayed enhanced mechanical properties, with elongation at break and tensile toughness reaching 64.5 % and 45.1 MJ/m³, respectively. An output power of 809.1 nW was achieved for the assembled 4-leg thermoelectric device at a temperature difference of 25.4 K. These results show that the CNTF/BBL:PEI-SIS composite has potential for applications in wearable electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 117973"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From quenched to superradiant emission: Temperature-induced molecular rearrangement in an anthracene containing statistical copolymer","authors":"M.A. Saidani ,&nbsp;M. Radaoui ,&nbsp;A. Ben Fredj ,&nbsp;D.A.M. Egbe ,&nbsp;S. Romdhane","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have measured the photoluminescence spectra of an anthracene-containing statistical copolymer, AnE-PV stat. Our results reveal a striking evolution of the pure electronic transition, from its complete absence at 77 K to a superradiant emission dominating at room temperature. This transition in emission pattern is attributed to a molecular rearrangement from H-aggregate formation at 77 K to J-aggregate formation at room temperature, characterized by excitonic bandwidths of 0.18 eV and 0.26 eV, respectively. We introduce a simple model incorporating the role of temperature in modulating intermolecular coupling via molecular displacement. This model elucidates how temperature governs both the magnitude and sign of dipole-dipole molecular interactions. A modified Franck-Condon analysis is employed to quantify the intermolecular coupling, excitonic bandwidth, and the number of coherently interacting molecules responsible for superradiance. Our findings reveal coherent interactions among approximately three molecules. These insights underscore the fundamental influence of thermal effects on the photophysical properties of molecular assemblies, offering a quantitative framework for controlling excitonic behavior in conjugated systems through temperature-induced aggregation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 117972"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosafety Cu/CaCu3Ti4O12 metacomposites for broadband weakly epsilon-negative response","authors":"Kai Guo ,&nbsp;Fabao Hao ,&nbsp;Peitao Xie ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Jing Mao ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Qu ,&nbsp;Jingwei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Weakly epsilon-negative (<em>ε'</em> &lt; 0, EN) response media are the key to new single-molecule detection technologies and show promising application prospects in disease diagnosis, microwave-powered cancer treatment, in vivo detection, imaging, cell tracking and monitoring of disease occurrence mechanisms. The regulation of weakly EN responses is related to the detection accuracy of biomedicine. Therefore, based on the percolation theory, we created a set of Cu/CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (Cu/CCTO) metacomposites. The irregular dendrite Cu particles were used as the building blocks for constructing 3-dimensional conductive networks in CCTO matrix. Electrical percolation occurs when the Cu content is between 30 wt% and 40 wt%, which marks two dielectric response mechanisms: electric dipole resonance and plasmonic oscillation. The epsilon-negative response (<em>ε'</em> &lt; 0, EN<em>)</em> band of the former excitation is relatively narrow, but with the increase of Cu content, the resonance intensity increases, and the accompanying epsilon-near-zero (-1 &lt; <em>ε'</em> &lt; 1) moves to low frequency. Above the percolation threshold, once the effective electron concentration required for plasmonic oscillation is achieved, we successfully obtain a EN response for the entire test band and achieve a weakly negative permittivity (-100 &lt; <em>ε'</em> &lt; 0) across 450 MHz-1 GHz region. The inductance characteristic and EM shielding effect of EN response are elucidated by equivalent circuit model and EM simulation technique. Finally, we evaluated the biocompatibility of Cu/CCTO metacomposites for cell growth and human tissue, which provided a research basis for the practical application of binary percolative metacomposites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 117964"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating NiCo2S4 chalcogenide with FeP and Fe2P phosphides for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction efficiency","authors":"Ali B.M. Ali‎ ,&nbsp;Thanaa Amir Ahmed ,&nbsp;Farzona Alimova ,&nbsp;Ramdevsinh Jhala ,&nbsp;P.S. Raghavendra Rao ,&nbsp;Jajneswar Nanda ,&nbsp;Ayush Painuly ,&nbsp;Arshdeep Singh ,&nbsp;Abdul Saddique Shaik ,&nbsp;Saiful Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work examines the catalytic performance of Ni-Co chalcogenide composites integrated with FeP and Fe₂P metal phosphides for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The synthesized NiCo₂S₄, NiCo₂S₄@FeP, and NiCo₂S₄@Fe₂P catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XRD analysis confirmed the effective inclusion of FeP and Fe₂P into the NiCo₂S₄ matrix, with characteristic peaks indicating a cubic spinel structure and crystalline iron phosphides. SEM images revealed that the composites exhibited distinct morphologies with FeP and Fe₂P particles dispersed across the NiCo₂S₄ surface, providing additional active sites for catalytic reactions. XPS spectra demonstrated the elemental composition and chemical states of the catalysts, confirming the presence of Ni, Co, Fe, P, and S elements. Electrochemical measurements, including linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), showed that the composite catalysts exhibited enhanced OER activity compared to their individual components. NiCo₂S₄@FeP displayed the highest catalytic performance with overpotential of 322 mV at a current density of 500 mA cm⁻² and maintained stability for over 96 h, making it a promising candidate for efficient and durable water-splitting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 117962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triphenylamine-based polymers with fluorinated electron-acceptor groups as hole-transport materials for perovskite solar cells","authors":"Irina A. Chuyko ,&nbsp;Maria N. Kevreva ,&nbsp;Svetlana M. Peregudova ,&nbsp;Alexander K. Kalinichenko ,&nbsp;Victoria V. Ozerova ,&nbsp;Artem V. Bakirov ,&nbsp;Sergey M. Aldoshin ,&nbsp;Pavel A. Troshin ,&nbsp;Yuriy N. Luponosov","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic semiconducting polymers based on triphenylamine of donor-acceptor structure are promising hole-transport layer (HTL) materials in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with n-i-p configuration. In this work, we report four new triphenylamine-based homopolymers of donor-acceptor structure containing different fluorinated electron acceptor groups. The homopolymers are readily synthesized by oxidative polymerization of the corresponding monomers using of FeCl₃ as an oxidant. They combine hole mobility, thermal and electrochemical stability and can be synthesized in a simple and easily scalable manner. By using the new polymers blended with the reference poly(triarylamine) PTA as HTL in n-i-p PSCs, the power conversion efficiency was improved from 18.4 % up to 19.9 %. The consistent increase in the open circuit voltage and fill factor values suggests that these polymer blends enable more efficient extraction and/or transport of charge carriers as compared to the single-component polymer films.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 117968"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Branched carbazole based derivative as very efficient host material for third generation OLED devices","authors":"Sushanta Lenka ,&nbsp;Daiva Tavgeniene ,&nbsp;Hsuan-Min Wang ,&nbsp;Anil Kumar ,&nbsp;Zhan-Ting Lin ,&nbsp;Jayachandran Jaykumar ,&nbsp;Dovydas Blazevicius ,&nbsp;Gintare Krucaite ,&nbsp;Saulius Grigalevicius ,&nbsp;Jwo-Huei Jou","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have played a pivotal role in advancing modern technologies, particularly in the fields of display and lighting, with widespread applications in smartphones, tablets, televisions, and automotive systems. As a cutting-edge technology, OLEDs have driven the exploration and development of innovative functional materials. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of a new branched carbazole-based derivative, specifically DM282, tailored for use as host material in OLEDs. The compound exhibits a combination of desirable properties, including excellent thermal stability with decomposition temperature surpassing 400 °C, glass transition temperature of around 168 °C, broad optical band gap greater than 3.5 eV, and short exciton lifetimes. Owing to this favorable combination of characteristics, the material was employed for formation of host layers in green, thermally activated delayed fluorescence based OLED devices. One device incorporating DM282 demonstrated superior electroluminescent performance with external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 13.6 %, current efficiency of 30.9 cd/A and a power efficiency of 16.1 lm/W, while also operating at a reduced driving voltage. The branched carbazole-based host described herein combines ease of synthesis, cost-effectiveness, and outstanding optoelectronic properties, and is highly promising candidate for the development of next-generation, high-performance, and economically viable OLED display technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 117971"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Binary-encoded conjugated polythiophenes with alternating carbon–carbon single and triple bonds for tunable electrochromic and energy storage applications","authors":"Yuting Song ,&nbsp;Zibo Wei ,&nbsp;Cheng Liu ,&nbsp;Beili Lu ,&nbsp;Jiuxuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiuzhou Cui ,&nbsp;Jian Liu ,&nbsp;Biao Huang ,&nbsp;Jiayu Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two binary-encoded conjugated polymers, <strong>PCT2T</strong> and <strong>PCT3T</strong>, were synthesized through electrochemical polymerization of their corresponding monomers, incorporating carbon-carbon single and triple bonds as bridging linkers. These polymers exhibit unique electrochromic and energy storage properties Upon electrochemical doping, <strong>PCT2T</strong> displays a maximum optical contrast of 42 % at 750 nm, while <strong>PCT3T</strong> exhibits a superior optical contrast of 57 %. The coloration efficiency of <strong>PCT2T</strong> is 207.16 cm²/C, while <strong>PCT3T</strong> achieves a higher value of 330.9 cm²/C. By introducing carbon-carbon triple bonds at the 2,5 positions of a fully single-bonded polythiophene structure, a blue shift in the cationic radical state can be achieved. Moreover, increasing the number of carbon-carbon triple bonds leads to a red shift in the oxidation state spectrum. In the electrochemical performance evaluation, <strong>PCT2T</strong> demonstrated an areal specific capacitance of 1.81 mF/cm² at a current density of 0.04 mA/cm². Similarly, <strong>PCT3T</strong> exhibited a higher areal specific capacitance of 2.17 mF/cm² under the same current density. This performance suggests that the incorporation of triple bonds significantly affects the electronic and optical properties of the material, providing an effective strategy to fine-tune its electrochromic energy storage behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 117970"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulating electronic properties of nickel-iron layered double hydroxide with molybdenum disulfide via low-temperature plasma irradiation for efficient overall water splitting","authors":"Yanting Wei ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiguan Wang ,&nbsp;Ke Qin ,&nbsp;Hong Deng ,&nbsp;Yuxin Cui ,&nbsp;Qing Guo ,&nbsp;Sumin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient electrocatalysts are essential in water electrolysis for affordable green hydrogen production. Here, by using a low-temperature plasma irradiation method, molybdenum sulfide in-situ formed on nickel iron layered double hydroxide loaded at Ni foam (MoS₂/NiFe-LDH@NF) is constructed. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy confirm the microstructures of the MoS₂/NiFe-LDH networks. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy proves the formation of active vacancies and electronic regulation between NiFe-LDH and MoS₂, which downshifts the <em>d</em>-band level of nickel and iron by 0.24 eV and 0.29 eV, respectively, and thus optimizes the adsorption/desorption equilibrium of intermediates on MoS₂/NiFe-LDH, indicated by density functional theory calculations. The resulting MoS₂/NiFe-LDH@NF catalyst exhibits high bifunctional activities in the alkaline water splitting. During the hydrogen evolution reaction, remarkably low overpotentials of 85/209 mV are needed to reach 10/50 mA cm⁻², and only 100 mV and 150 mV overpotentials are required during oxygen evolution reaction to achieve 10/50 mA cm⁻², respectively. More importantly, the overall water electrolysis employing MoS₂/NiFe-LDH@NF results in a cell voltage of 1.495 V at current density of 10 mA cm⁻², lower than that (1.63 V) of the commercially paired IrO₂||Pt/C electrocatalyst, accompanied by a long-term stability during 500 h operations. This work demonstrates that the low-temperature plasma irradiation is an effective and simple strategy to prepare robust electrocatalyst for efficient water splitting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 117969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}