Synthetic Metals最新文献

{"title":"High-performance supercapacitor electrode synthesized by in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of TiO2/PANI composite","authors":"Asmara Fazal ,&nbsp;Muhammad Masood Zafar ,&nbsp;M. Javaid Iqbal ,&nbsp;Mohsin Ali Raza ,&nbsp;Amina Asghar ,&nbsp;Khalid Mujasam Batoo ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farzik Ijaz ,&nbsp;Sumaira Nosheen ,&nbsp;Sharafat Ali ,&nbsp;Shahzad Naseem","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Supercapacitors have emerged as potent energy storage devices for the past few decades. Researchers are putting their best efforts into fabricating a device that offers high capacitance as well as high energy and power density by merging different classes of materials. In this pursuit, polyaniline (PANI) is considered a potential material for supercapacitor electrodes because it offers good conductivity, ease of processing, and the possibility of making composite with other materials. The drawback of PANI is the lack of stability that decreases because of the volumetric changes occurring during redox reactions. On the other hand, TiO₂ is considered a good supercapacitor electrode material because it offers high chemical stability, non-toxicity, and low cost. However, the specific capacitance achieved from it is low due to its low conductivity. Herein, we report the TiO₂/PANI composite by in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization method to enhance the performance of supercapacitor electrodes through a synergistic effect. An optimal addition of 5 wt.% TiO₂ in PANI resulted in high specific capacity of 925 C/g at 1 A/g current density.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"311 ","pages":"Article 117842"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma-irradiated Chitosan@PVA@TiO2 catalytic counter electrodes for enhanced dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) performance","authors":"Fahad N. Almutairi ,&nbsp;Ahmed Ghitas ,&nbsp;Hamdah Alanazi ,&nbsp;M. Abdelhamid Shahat","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) offer an affordable, versatile, and sustainable renewable energy solution, making them a valuable tool in combating climate change. From this standpoint, gamma irradiation treatment provides a viable approach to enhance the performance of low-cost, platinum-free counter-electrodes (CEs) by increasing the number of active sites, thereby improving their catalytic efficiency in DSSCs. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, innovative Chitosan@polyvinyl alcohol@Titanium dioxide (Chitosan@PVA@TiO₂) (CPT) hybrid films were developed as a catalytic CE substance and were subjected to a range of in-situ gamma irradiation doses (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 KGy) with the goal to further improving their microstructural and physicochemical qualities. Coupled with a J–V variable evaluation, physical assessments of the microstructure, porosity, morphology, contact angle, optical, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) properties of CEs were carried out. The surface properties of the treated composites improved progressively with increasing gamma doses, reaching optimal levels at 30 KGy (i.e., apparent porosity = 72.5 %, average roughness (Ra) = 5.31 µm) compared to the pristine CE material. Prolonged gamma irradiation enhanced DSSC efficiency, achieving 6.45 % at 10 KGy and 7.14 % at 20 KGy. The high-energy gamma photons facilitated charge carrier movement within the CPT compounds while reducing recombination by creating conditions favorable for charge dissociation. Hence, improved mobility and reduced resistive limitations equate to longer lifespans and more efficient charge transfer within the solar cell. In this regard, the CPT catalytic CE's optimized yield of 8.57 % and short-circuit photocurrent density (J_sc) of 19.1 mA/cm² were achieved after 30 KGy of modification of the surface. Compared to the pristine sample, effectiveness increased by 41.2 %. This enhancement in photovoltaic performance was attributed to the introduction of oxygen-enriched free radicals into the CPT structure, which created continuous channels for rapid electron transfer. Considering all aspects, this work highlights the critical role of gamma-irradiated CPT catalytic CEs in enhancing DSSC performance, offering a new approach to improving the efficiency of these devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"311 ","pages":"Article 117841"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to “EMI shielding study of PVC-PT-Ag/ZnS nanocomposites in microwave region” [Synth. Met., 307(2024) 117687]","authors":"Hafiz Muhammad Fayzan Shakir ,&nbsp;Aiman Fatima ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zahid ,&nbsp;Zulfiqar Ahmad Rehan ,&nbsp;Sohad Abdulkaleg Alshareef ,&nbsp;Mohamed El-Sharnouby","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117840","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"311 ","pages":"Article 117840"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering CoMn2O₄ nanofibers: Enhancing one-dimensional electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors","authors":"Sidraya N. Jirankalagi ,&nbsp;Avinash C. Molane ,&nbsp;Sarjerao M. Sutar ,&nbsp;Ramesh N. Mulik ,&nbsp;Manickam Selvaraj ,&nbsp;Kalathiparambil Rajendra Pai Sunajadevi ,&nbsp;Vikas B. Patil","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One-dimensional CoMn₂O₄ nanofibers were developed via the electrospinning method, offers a novel approach for designing electrode materials for energy storage device -supercapacitors. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with EDX confirmed the highly porous CoMn₂O₄ phase with desired composition. Elemental mapping studies confirmed uniform distribution of Co, Mn, and O elements throughout the nanofibers.Electrochemical studies underscored the crucial role of structural voids and spacing in enhancing energy storage capacity, establishing CoMn₂O₄ as a promising electrode material. Specific energy and power studies yielded remarkable results of 93.84 Whr/kg and 55.20 kW/kg, respectively. Additionally, specific capacitance determination returned 937.42 F/g, indicating exceptional charging and discharging performance over 1000 cycles with 93.3 % capacitance retention. Moreover, the flexible symmetric supercapacitor is expected to demonstrate exceptional flexibility and electrochemical stability, achieving a specific energy of 232 Wh/kg and a specific power of 84 kW/kg at a current density of 1 mA/cm². These findings advance our understanding of CoMn₂O₄ nanofibers and offer insights into developing efficient and stable energy storage systems for diverse applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"311 ","pages":"Article 117836"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A highly stretchable, stable and sensitive PEDOT:PSS-P(HEMA-co-AA) hydrogel for strain sensors","authors":"Yu Lin ,&nbsp;Gen Li ,&nbsp;Juan Teng ,&nbsp;Haibo Wang ,&nbsp;Ximei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a crucial component of flexible electronic devices, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)-based hydrogels for strain sensors have garnered extensive attention for their potential in the field of wearable sensors due to their inherent conductivity and flexibility. However, challenges such as poor mechanical strength, limited sensitivity, and poor durability have hindered the widespread application of PEDOT:PSS hydrogels in high-performance strain sensors. In this study, we develop a novel PEDOT:PSS-P(HEMA-co-AA) hydrogel that addresses common limitations in hydrogel applications, demonstrating remarkable stretchability, low hysteresis, and reliable conductivity. The hydrogel is synthesized using a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (SIPN) strategy, combining the linear conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS with a chemically cross-linked network based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and acrylic acid (AA). This hybrid structure notably contributes to the hydrogel's mechanical properties, achieving a stretchability of 195 %, while maintaining a rapid response time of 0.20 seconds and exceptional cyclic stability over 1000 cycles under 100 % strain. Moreover, the hydrogel demonstrates promising strain-sensing capabilities, positioning it as a strong candidate for future applications in wearable electronics and flexible sensors. The adoption of the SIPN strategy, along with the synergistic combination of PEDOT:PSS and P(HEMA-co-AA), paves a new pathway for enhancing the mechanical performance and sensing properties of hydrogels in strain-sensing technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"311 ","pages":"Article 117835"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating theory and practice in the design of new trisazotriaryl compounds","authors":"Rafael Guiotti de Pádua ,&nbsp;João Paulo Almirão de Jesus ,&nbsp;Ana Clara dos Santos Camargo ,&nbsp;Sidney Alves Lourenço ,&nbsp;Felipe de Almeida La Porta ,&nbsp;Renato Márcio Ribeiro-Viana ,&nbsp;Marco Aurélio Toledo da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, we report an experimental and theoretical investigation of the physicochemical properties of trisazotriaryl molecules. This work is heavily focused on the influence of the tautomerism effect and the structural modifications on the β-D-glucosyl Yariv molecule. The modifications were designed to make trisazotriaryl soluble in nonpolar solvents and improve electron donor ability. From an experimental standpoint, the modified molecules were characterized using spectroscopy techniques, such as infrared and ultraviolet-visible absorbance, photoluminescence, and nuclear magnetic resonance. From a theoretical perspective, density functional theory calculations provided more profound insight into the structural, spectroscopic, and electronic properties. Therefore, through a combined experimental and theoretical methodology, we elucidated some critical aspects of both the β-D-glucosyl Yariv and its modified counterparts, such as the tautomer-leaning preference on solvent media and higher stabilities on tautomeric forms, band gaps of indirect nature, and the nature of the excitonic transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"311 ","pages":"Article 117839"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple ball-milling enables embedding of SnO2 nanoparticles into micron carbon for stable lithium storage","authors":"Pengkai Sun ,&nbsp;Zhengyan Jiang ,&nbsp;Chao Li ,&nbsp;Yuping Wang ,&nbsp;Qinghua Tian ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the improved performance of SnO₂/C composites, these composites usually involve complex preparation processes that are not conducive to the development of SnO₂ anode. Herein, a simple ball-milling and followed by carbonization approach was demonstrated to synthesize SnO₂ NPs@C composite composed of SnO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) embedded within micron carbon. The findings confirmed that the combination of introduction of carbon and modulation of SnO₂ NPs content offered SnO₂ NPs@C superior structural stability and good kinetics including high Li⁺ diffusion coefficient and low activation energy for charge transfer, and hence it shown stable lithium storage performance with 1000 cycles of lifespan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"311 ","pages":"Article 117837"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexo-electrochemical Hg(II) sensor based on Ag/Nd-TMA MOF modified carbon cloth electrode: Surface adsorptive reaction mechanism utilizing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy","authors":"Shubham S. Patil ,&nbsp;Farhat U. Shaikh ,&nbsp;Vijaykiran N. Narwade ,&nbsp;Priyanka C. Zine ,&nbsp;Pragati R. Kagne ,&nbsp;Rajendra S. Sonkawade ,&nbsp;Meng-Lin Tsai ,&nbsp;Tibor Hianik ,&nbsp;Mahendra D. Shirsat","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the electrochemical performance reliability of a silver-incorporated neodymium trimesic acid (Ag/Nd-TMA) metal-organic framework (MOF) immobilized on a flexible carbon cloth electrode (CC) and the reaction mechanism utilizing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis. The incorporation of Ag/Nd-TMA onto the electrode surface was thoroughly characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The electrode's remarkable flexibility was explored through both fold and no-fold experimental configurations, both of which demonstrated excellent differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) performance. The sensing platform exhibited a remarkable detection limit of 0.568 nM for Hg(II), underscoring its exceptional sensitivity (1.60 nM⁻¹) and repeatability with 0.47 % RSD. Moreover, utilizing the XPS method, the reaction mechanism revealed the surface adsorptive behaviour of the Ag/Nd-TMA electrode before and after DPV responses. This flexible Ag/Nd-TMA electrode showcases a promising avenue for highly sensitive and adaptable electrochemical sensing applications, particularly in the realm of environmental monitoring and trace metal analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"311 ","pages":"Article 117833"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial – Advances in blue organic electroluminescence","authors":"Youngmin You,&nbsp;Russell J. Holmes","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117834","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"311 ","pages":"Article 117834"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green TADF emitters based on adamantane-substituted acridine donor/diphenyl ketone acceptor in D-A and D-A-D systems","authors":"Aziz Khan ,&nbsp;Yu-Yang Ma ,&nbsp;Sarvendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Shijie Ge ,&nbsp;Man-Keung Fung ,&nbsp;Tim Leydecker ,&nbsp;Zhiming Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The strategic change in the basic skeleton from donor-acceptor (<strong>D-A</strong>) to donor-acceptor-donor (<strong>D-A-D</strong>) to achieve an efficient external quantum efficiency (EQE) as well as high thermal stability is an invitation to develop new materials for organic light emitting diodes (OLED). In this way, adamantane-substituted acridine donor-based emitters, <strong>AA-DPK</strong> and <strong>AA-DPK-AA</strong> were developed for green thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emission. Moreover, the diphenylketone unit was used as an acceptor. The photophysical properties were explored and exhibited the dual emission characters, involving one emission from local or weak and other from strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. Besides, the PL results exhibited the exact emission peaks not only in solution but also in OLED devices for <strong>AA-DPK</strong> and <strong>AA-DPK-AA</strong> molecules with dual fluorescence emission (DFE) nature in solution, which could be ascribed to quasi axial conformation (QAC) and quasi equatorial conformation (QEC). OLED devices using <strong>AA-DPK</strong> and <strong>AA-DPK-AA</strong> molecules as emitters with a widely used host material, 1,3-Bis(N-carbazolyl)benzene (<em>m</em>CP) exhibited green electroluminescence with higher EQEs of 8.5 % and 17 %, respectively. The <strong>AA-DPK-AA</strong> molecule demonstrated a two-fold improvement not only in EQEs and other parameters but also in thermal stability and photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). These enhancements contribute to the molecule's stability in OLEDs, resulting in low efficiency roll-off and high overall efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"311 ","pages":"Article 117831"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}