{"title":"The Cadastral club: Wither?","authors":"J. Fryer","doi":"10.1080/00050326.1997.10441782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050326.1997.10441782","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A review of statistics showing student enrolments, graduations and the registers of cadastral surveyors in Australia and New Zealand is presented. The overall picture is one of a decline in numbers of cadastral surveyors, while university enrolments and graduations appear to be stable, or slightly up, over the past decade. The rate of surveying graduates seeking cadastral registration has declined steadily over the past 25 years from approximately 80% to a figure of 34% for the average of the past four years. Some evidence from New South Wales might indicate that this figure has reached its nadir, but figures from other jurisdictions are as low as 20% and presently show no indications of altering. A discussion of why the declining rate of graduates seeking cadastral endorsement has occurred is presented. The emergence of the “university” surveyor after the demise of the articled pupil system is seen as the likely cause. The attainment of professional recognition in the form of cadastral endorseme...","PeriodicalId":222452,"journal":{"name":"The Australian Surveyor","volume":"346 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115291443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Geoid for the Australian Capital Territory","authors":"Kevin A. Freund, J. Steed, A. Kearsley","doi":"10.1080/00050326.1997.10441784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050326.1997.10441784","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract AUSGE0ID93 is a national grid of geoid-ellipsoid separations (N values). When differences in N from AUSGE0ID93 are subtracted from differences in ellipsoidal height from GPS surveys, the resulting differences in orthometric height frequently approach 3rd Order levelling accuracy. However, in areas of rapid changing terrain, the results may be less accurate. It was believed that this was due to the absence of terrain data in AUSGE0ID93. The ACT region was chosen to test this hypothesis and at the same time produce a grid of improved N values approximately 4 times denser than AUSGEOID93.","PeriodicalId":222452,"journal":{"name":"The Australian Surveyor","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127985489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Official OEEPE Reports","authors":"J. Trinder","doi":"10.1080/00050326.1997.10441788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050326.1997.10441788","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":222452,"journal":{"name":"The Australian Surveyor","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121732730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Staff errors in and the adjustment of ordinary levelling runs","authors":"J. M. Rüeger","doi":"10.1080/00050342.1997.10558662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050342.1997.10558662","url":null,"abstract":"Even though ordinary levelling with wooden, fibreglass and aluminium staffs is carried out on a daily basis, few observers are aware of the relatively large errors of these staffs and fewer still employ adjustment procedures for the levelling data which offset these errors. Predicting the graduation and expansion errors of ordinary staffs and adding systematic refraction errors, the likely maximum scale errors are estimated as 11 mm per 10 m height difference. Formulae and numerical examples are given for three different adjustment methods. Their suitability is discussed and their results are compared.","PeriodicalId":222452,"journal":{"name":"The Australian Surveyor","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134569885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Geoid what’s it got to do with me?","authors":"R. Deakin","doi":"10.1080/00050326.1996.10441771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050326.1996.10441771","url":null,"abstract":"The Global Positioning System (GPS), a US Department of Defense satellite positioning system, has become a widely used measuring tool in practical surveying applications, especially in the provision of coordinate control for construction projects, small scale mapping and cadastral survey coordination. To use GPS effectively, the surveyor must be familiar with the relationships between (i) local and geocentric datums, (ii) geodetic, Australian Map Grid (AMG) and three dimensional Cartesian coordinates and (iii) heights referred to the ellipsoid, the geoid and the Australian Height Datum (AHD). These relationships, often complex, are usually expressed mathematically. The surveyor, therefore, must also be an applied mathematician - certainly by practice, if not by training. The aim of this paper is to provide an explanation of some of the mathematical theory associated with the reference surfaces and relationships mentioned above with particular attention to the geoid and GPS heighting.","PeriodicalId":222452,"journal":{"name":"The Australian Surveyor","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124267733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Future Prospects of Our Profession","authors":"J. Trinder, Li-hua Li","doi":"10.1080/00050326.1996.10441766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050326.1996.10441766","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, the authors have examined the trends in the labour market for surveyors/geomatic engineers over the past 40 years, studied the current involvement in and opportunities for surveying/geomatic engineering professionals in the spatial information industry, and made some predictions of the future prospects for the profession.","PeriodicalId":222452,"journal":{"name":"The Australian Surveyor","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125350528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transforming history: Land tenure and cadastral reform in South Africa","authors":"C. Fourie","doi":"10.1080/00050339.1996.10558642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050339.1996.10558642","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Text of a Public Lecture given in the Department of Geomatics, The University of Meboume, 29 August 1996","PeriodicalId":222452,"journal":{"name":"The Australian Surveyor","volume":"4 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123741121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review of Current Australian Survey Legislation in the Face of Modern Measuring Technology","authors":"Seng S. Boey, J. Parker","doi":"10.1080/00050326.1996.10441769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050326.1996.10441769","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the relevant sections of current Australian cadastral survey legislation, in particular, those relating to the need for the calibration of survey equipment, survey methods and accuracy standards. The aim of the review is to ascertain whether the existing legislation is able to accommodate the use of new measuring technology, such as GPS, and the associated survey techniques for cadastral surveying in Australia.","PeriodicalId":222452,"journal":{"name":"The Australian Surveyor","volume":"28 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120941428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenneth Wong, C. Roberts, Shaowei Han, C. Rizos, B. Hirsch, E. Masters
{"title":"Part 2. GPS in support of the 1996 World Solar Challenge","authors":"Kenneth Wong, C. Roberts, Shaowei Han, C. Rizos, B. Hirsch, E. Masters","doi":"10.1080/00050339.1996.10558643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050339.1996.10558643","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The University of New South Wales (UNSW) solar car, “Sunswift”, finished in 9th position overall in the 1996 World Solar Challenge (WSC), a 3010 kilometre race for solar-powered vehicles from Darwin to Adelaide. The School of Geomatic Engineering provided a real-time DGPS tracking interface with a moving graphical display developed using the Formida software. This article is a continuation of Part 1 published in the Australian Surveyor Vo1.41, No. 3, 1996. Part 1 described the GPS kinematic survey procedure undertaken to establish the vertical road profile of the Stuart Highway in preparation for the WSC. Part 2 will detail the processing of this data, software development and utilisation of the package to compliment strategy decisions made during the race. Racal’s Landstar real-time DGPS system was Installed on one of the support vehicles following Sunswift, with the position being updated on the School of Geomatic Engineering’s Internet Web site during the race.","PeriodicalId":222452,"journal":{"name":"The Australian Surveyor","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133663898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Indian health and safety in the work place (or I survived the black hole of Burla)","authors":"M. Shortis","doi":"10.1080/00050326.1996.10441750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050326.1996.10441750","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper describes a measurement project carried out at a hydro-electric power station in eastern India. The paper is both a light hearted travelogue and a description of the technical issues associated with the photogrammetric measurement of profiles and surveying set out of pressure sensor locations within a penstock tube inlet. Included in the discussion is a description of serious and not so serious issues of health and safety in the Indian work place.","PeriodicalId":222452,"journal":{"name":"The Australian Surveyor","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114159773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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