Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"The Association Between Regular Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms Among Patients in Treatment of Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders.","authors":"Endre Berger,&nbsp;Ingeborg Bolstad,&nbsp;Lars Lien,&nbsp;Jørgen G Bramness","doi":"10.1177/11782218231175813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231175813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol and other substance use disorders and major depression often co-occur. A sedentary lifestyle is related to major depression and even moderate exercise may prevent and contribute to the treatment of depression. Studies have found an effect of physical activity on depression in alcohol and other substance use disorder patients even in clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the relationship between level of physical activity and depressive symptoms over time in alcohol and substance use disorder inpatients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-nine substance use disorder inpatients were followed for 6 months during treatment. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to categorize 3 groups of low, moderate, or high level of physical activity. In addition to background variables and alcohol and drug use measures, data on biometric measures and on sleep were gathered. Becks Depression Inventory version II (BDI-II) measured depressive symptoms. A multilevel logistic regression was used to analyze the longitudinal relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most patients (57%) reported low activity, while 24% reported moderate and 19% high activity. Few changed their activity level during treatment. Moderate physical activity was related to lower score on BDI-II (<i>P</i> = .029). Level of physical activity was closely related to insomnia (<i>P</i> = .024). In the multivariate analysis the relationship between depressive symptoms and physical activity did not withstand the adjustment for insomnia. However, in the multilevel logistic regression higher physical activity was related to lower BDI-II score in a dose dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among these alcohol and other substance use disorders patients in treatment, there was a relationship between depressive symptoms and physical activity. The low level of physical activity identified among these patients was related to a high level of depressive symptoms. The level of depressive symptoms declined over time; but this change was not related to an increase in physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231175813"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cb/e9/10.1177_11782218231175813.PMC10201145.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10350371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis Unveiled: An Exploration of Marijuana's History, Active Compounds, Effects, Benefits, and Risks on Human Health.","authors":"Khaled M Hasan","doi":"10.1177/11782218231182553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231182553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marijuana, also known as cannabis, is a psychoactive drug that comes from the Cannabis plant. Marijuana can be smoked, vaporized, or consumed through edibles in a variety of ways. Perception changes, changes in mood, and problems with coordination are all possible side effects. Marijuana is used for both recreational and medical purposes to treat a variety of health conditions. The literature review on the effects of marijuana on the human body has increased in recent years as more states legalize its use. It is important to investigate the benefits and harmful effects of marijuana on individuals due to the widespread use of cannabis-derived substances like marijuana for medical, recreational, and combined purposes. The paper will review different aspects of marijuana in 4 main domains. A thorough discussion of marijuana's definition, history, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and effects on human cells will be given in the first domain. The second domain will concentrate on marijuana's negative effects, while the third domain will look at marijuana's possible positive impacts, such as its usage in controlling multiple sclerosis, treating obesity, lowering social anxiety, and managing pain. The fourth domain will concentrate on marijuana's effects on anxiety, educational attainment, and social consequences. Additionally, this paper also will provide a highlight of the history of marijuana use and governmental legislation, both of which play a significant role in determining how the public views marijuana. In conclusion, this paper provides a comprehensive review of marijuana's effects, which may be of interest to a large readership. This review adds to the continuing discussion about the use of marijuana by analyzing the data that is currently available about the possible advantages and disadvantages of marijuana usage.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231182553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a8/24/10.1177_11782218231182553.PMC10286197.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9713398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescents Who Vape Nicotine and Their Experiences Vaping: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Catherine E Dubé,&nbsp;Lori Pbert,&nbsp;Catherine S Nagawa,&nbsp;Dante P Simone,&nbsp;Jessica G Wijesundara,&nbsp;Rajani S Sadasivam","doi":"10.1177/11782218231183934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231183934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding adolescent perceptions of vaping and roles it plays in their lives is needed to design effective interventions to help adolescents quit. We explored vaping experiences of 11 adolescents from initiation through quit attempts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of students who vaped in the last 90 days was recruited from one suburban high school in Massachusetts. Qualitative interviews were transcribed and coded. An inductive thematic analysis approach was employed. Areas of agreement and range of responses in code reports were summarized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven open-ended semi-structured interviews were conducted (mean = 32.5 minutes each). Vaping initiation often occurred when socializing with friends who also supplied vaping devices. Vaping was \"something to do\" and new flavors engaged adolescents further. Solitary activities coupled with vaping included video gaming, getting ready for school, talking on the phone, or studying. Peak hours for vaping included morning, before and after school, before parents returned from work, and after parents went to bed. Several vaped to address anxiety/stress. For some, anxiety control was a main reason for vaping. Participants were concerned about health effects and nicotine dependence. Cost and health effects were drivers of quitting. Quit strategies relied on willpower and distraction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Peers have powerful influences on the initiation and maintenance of adolescent vaping. Vaping habits can become routinized into adolescent lives. Addiction is a concern although nicotine's anxiolytic effects were valued by many. Social connection was enhanced by communal vaping, sharing, and common vernacular, secrecy and rule-breaking. We describe the context in which adolescents vape nicotine, their reasons for vaping, and reasons to quit. This information can inform the development of interventions to better address adolescents' triggers to vape, and social and psychosocial barriers to quitting. Our findings suggest a desire to quit vaping but a limited awareness of quitting strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231183934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/62/a5/10.1177_11782218231183934.PMC10333988.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10665299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Subject Is a Patient.","authors":"Stephanie T Weiss","doi":"10.1177/11782218231191387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231191387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although it is common in academic and government research settings to speak of study participants as \"subjects,\" this perspective piece argues against doing so. In particular, the relationship of the study physician with study participants is unique and still retains many elements of the usual patient-physician relationship that exists in general clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231191387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b4/fd/10.1177_11782218231191387.PMC10411269.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10327504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Approach to Standardizing Drinking Outcomes From Timeline Followback Data.","authors":"Christina Marini,&nbsp;Nicole S Northover,&nbsp;Noah D Gold,&nbsp;Ursula K Rogers,&nbsp;Kelley C O'Donnell,&nbsp;Babak Tofighi,&nbsp;Stephen Ross,&nbsp;Michael P Bogenschutz","doi":"10.1177/11782218231157558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231157558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The timeline followback (TLFB) interview is the gold standard for the quantitative assessment of alcohol use. However, self-reported \"drinks\" can vary in alcohol content. If this variability is not accounted for, it can compromise the reliability and validity of TLFB data. To improve the precision of the TLFB data, we developed a detailed standard operating procedure (SOP) to calculate standard drinks more accurately from participant reports.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>For the new SOP, the volume and alcohol content by volume (ABV) of distinct types of alcoholic beverages were determined based on product websites and other reliable sources. Recipes for specific cocktails were constructed based on recipes from bartending education websites. One standard drink was defined as 0.6 oz (14 g) of absolute alcohol. Standard drink totals were contrasted for the new SOP approach and the standard procedure, which generally assumed that one self-reported drink was equivalent to one standard drink.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to the standard TLFB procedure, higher numbers of standard drinks were reported after implementing the TLFB SOP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Variability in procedures for conversion of self-reported alcohol consumption to standard drinks can confound the interpretation of TLFB data. The use and reporting of a detailed SOP can significantly reduce the potential for such inconsistencies. Detailed and consistent procedures for calculation of standard drinks can enhance the quality of TLFB drinking data.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231157558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/61/71/10.1177_11782218231157558.PMC10009017.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9491459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Dopamine Transporter Gene (DAT1) 40 bp 3' UTR VNTR Polymorphism (rs28363170) and Cannabis Use Disorder.","authors":"Holiness Sa Olasore,&nbsp;Akinniyi A Osuntoki,&nbsp;Olubunmi A Magbagbeola,&nbsp;Abdur-Rasheed B Awesu,&nbsp;Anthony A Olashore","doi":"10.1177/11782218231163696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231163696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cannabis remains the most widely used illicit drug among Nigerians, often associated with psychiatric disorders. Since genetic predisposition has been implicated in substance use disorders, we, therefore, aimed at finding out the relationship between dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) polymorphism and cannabis use disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 104 patients from a tertiary psychiatric facility in Lagos, Nigeria, who were diagnosed with cannabis use disorder according to ICD-10 and 96 non-smokers as a comparative group. The smokers were screened with Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test (CUDIT), and cannabis dependence was assessed with the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS). Genotyping was carried out for the 40 bp 3' UTR VNTR of the DAT1 (rs28363170).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequencies of 9R/9R, 9R/10R, 10R/10R among non-smokers and smokers were 14 (14.3%), 25 (26.2%), 57 (59.5%) and 17 (16.3%), 54 (51.9%), 33 (31.7%) respectively. The genotype distribution was in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) only in the smokers' population (χ² = 1.896, <i>P</i> = .166). Individuals with the 10R allele were almost twice as likely as the 9R carriers to smoke cannabis (OR = 1.915, 95% CI: 1.225-2.995). However, this polymorphism was not associated with the quantity of cannabis smoked, age at onset of smoking, CUDIT, and SDS scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DAT VNTR polymorphism was associated with cannabis smoking but not cannabis use disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231163696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10068503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9257810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Marijuana to Promote Well-Being: Effects of Use and Prohibition in the Daily Lives of Brazilian Adults.","authors":"Luciana Togni de Lima E Silva Surjus,&nbsp;Natália Cavalcante Dainesi,&nbsp;Felipe Granado de Souza","doi":"10.1177/11782218231162469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231162469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug worldwide. From an occupational perspective, its use is paradoxical in that although it can be harmful to health and has criminal consequences, it can also promote well-being. This study examined predictors of well-being to determine the effects of marijuana use and its prohibition on the daily lives of Brazilian adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used an anonymous online questionnaire with a final sample of 2637 respondents. Utilizing logistic regression, variables were selected pertaining to use and prohibition risks, benefits of use, and harm reduction associated with the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using marijuana for fun was most likely among those self-identified as male, trans/non-binary people, college graduates, and those with higher incomes. Living with family members and using less frequently proved to be protective against the adverse effect of \"getting high.\" Indigenous peoples and youth were more likely to report trouble with the police due to marijuana use; individuals with higher education and longer use of marijuana reported more frequent use of harm reduction strategies; people who identified their color as yellow were more likely to report daily use compared to people who identified their color as white; women and people with higher income were less likely to report daily use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Social class, race, gender, and generation were predictors of well-being associated with marijuana use and its prohibition, indicating an interaction between different dimensions involving the use of illicit substances. Identifying the effects of the use and prohibition of marijuana in promoting well-being, from the conception of drug use as a non-sanctioned occupation, can broaden the understanding of this complex human phenomenon, with health and criminal repercussions, subsidizing the development of approaches more equitable and adequate into occupational therapy to reduce personal and social harm.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231162469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4b/74/10.1177_11782218231162469.PMC10084564.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9297796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HCV Genotype Distribution Among People Who Inject Drug in Turkey: Findings from Multicenter and Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Nesrin Dilbaz,&nbsp;Murat Kuloğlu,&nbsp;Ekrem Cuneyt Evren,&nbsp;Salih Cihat Paltun,&nbsp;Rabia Bilici,&nbsp;Cemal Onur Noyan,&nbsp;Burak Kulaksizoglu,&nbsp;Vahap Karabulut,&nbsp;Gokhan Umut,&nbsp;Basak Unubol,&nbsp;Enver Ucbilek","doi":"10.1177/11782218231157340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231157340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is very common in people who inject drugs (PWID). Studies about the prevalence and genotype distribution of the HCV among PWID are very crucial for developing strategies to manage HCV infection. This study's objective is to map the distribution of HCV genotypes among PWID from various regions of Turkey.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study involved 197 PWID who tested positive for anti-HCV antibodies from 4 different addiction treatment facilities in Turkey. Interviews were done with people who had anti-HCV antibodies, and blood samples were taken to check the HCV RNA viremia load and genotyping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study was conducted on 197 individuals with a mean age of 30.3 ± 8.6 years. 9.1% (136/197 patients) had a detectable HCV-RNA viral load. Genotype 3 was the most commonly observed genotype by 44.1%, followed by genotype 1a by 41.9%, genotype 2 by 5.1%, genotype 4 by 4.4%, and genotype 1b by 4.4%. Whereas genotype 3 was dominant with 44.4% at the central Anatolia region of Turkey, the frequencies of genotypes 1a and 3, which were predominantly detected in the south and northwest regions of Turkey, were very close to each other.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although genotype 3 is the predominant genotype in the PWID population in Turkey, the prevalence of HCV genotype varied across the country. To eliminate HCV infection in the PWID, treatment and screening strategies that differ by genotype are essentially required. Especially identification of genotypes will be useful in developing individualized treatments and determining national prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231157340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/82/9d/10.1177_11782218231157340.PMC9972049.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10826966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible Harmful Effects of Smoking Hookah on Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index and Protamine Genes Expression in Normozoospermic Men.","authors":"Maryam Tofighi Niaki,&nbsp;Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Khalili,&nbsp;Farzaneh Fesahat,&nbsp;Ali Nabi,&nbsp;Mahin Izadi,&nbsp;Saeed Ghasemi Esmailabad,&nbsp;Ali Reza Talebi","doi":"10.1177/11782218221144547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218221144547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In recent years, smoking water pipes or hookah has increased among adolescents in most countries. Although there is evidence in support of the negative effects of this type of smoking on human health, such as the increased risk of lung disease, little is known about the potential effects of hookah smoking on the male reproductive system, especially on the molecular aspects of sperm.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study examined sperm DNA fragmentation index, <i>protamine 1 and 2 (PRM1</i> and <i>PRM2</i>) genes expression, and oxidant status in normozoospermic hookah smokers in comparison with non-smoker controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed significantly higher rates of DNA fragmentation, protamine deficiency, and abnormal chromatin condensation in the spermatozoa of hookah smokers (<i>P</i> < .0001). Also, protamine gene expression showed a remarkable decrease in hookah smokers (1.55 ± 2.54 and 0.33 ± 0.54) compared to the controls (3.49 ± 5.41 and 1.22 ± 1.96), although the reduction was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> = .155 and <i>P</i> = .066, respectively). Moreover, a significantly higher level of semen MDA was observed in the case group compared to the controls (0.39 ± 1.04 vs 0.15 ± 0.21; <i>P</i> = .013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to our study, although hookah smoking does not have a significant effect on sperm parameters, it may have deleterious effects on DNA integrity, oxidative status, and nuclear protein levels of spermatozoa.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218221144547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2e/1c/10.1177_11782218221144547.PMC9810994.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10857454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Gender and Ethnoracial Differences and Trends in Methamphetamine Treatment.","authors":"Erick G Guerrero,&nbsp;Hortensia Amaro,&nbsp;Yinfei Kong,&nbsp;Tenie Khachikian,&nbsp;Jeanne C Marsh","doi":"10.1177/11782218231180043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231180043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Given the significant rise in methamphetamine use and related mortality in the United States, it is critical to explore differences in treatment trends with particular attention to women and ethnoracial groups in hard-hit areas like Los Angeles County.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed a large sample across 4 waves: 2011 (105 programs, 10 895 clients), 2013 (104 programs, 17 865 clients), 2015 (96 programs, 16 584 clients), and 2017 (82 programs, 15 388 clients). We completed a comparative analysis to identify differences across subgroups and a trend analysis of treatment episodes by gender and ethnoracial group to differentiate users of methamphetamine and users of other drugs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment clients using methamphetamine increased over time for each gender and race. There were also significant differences across age groups. Women comprised a greater proportion of treatment episodes involving methamphetamine use (43.3%) compared to all other drugs combined (33.6%). Latinas represented 45.5% of methadone-related admissions. Compared with other drug users, methamphetamine users had a lower successful treatment completion rate and were served by programs with less financial and culturally responsive capacity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight a sharp increase in treatment admissions for methamphetamine users of all gender and ethnocultural groups. Women, especially Latinas, saw the most significant increases, with a widening gender gap over time. All subgroups of methamphetamine users had a lower treatment completion rate compared with users of other drugs, and critical differences existed in the programs where they received services.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231180043"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8d/fc/10.1177_11782218231180043.PMC10262604.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10646423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}