John A Cunningham, Christina Schell, Nicolas Bertholet, Jeffrey D Wardell, Lena C Quilty, Alexandra Godinho
{"title":"Normative Misperceptions About Cannabis Use in a Sample of Risky Cannabis Users.","authors":"John A Cunningham, Christina Schell, Nicolas Bertholet, Jeffrey D Wardell, Lena C Quilty, Alexandra Godinho","doi":"10.1177/11782218231166809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231166809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study examines normative misperceptions in a sample of participants recruited for a brief intervention trial targeting risky cannabis use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants who were concerned about their own risky cannabis use were recruited to help develop and evaluate intervention materials. At baseline, participants reported on their own cannabis use and provided estimates of how often others their gender and age used cannabis in the past 3 months. Comparisons were made between participants estimates of others cannabis use with reports of cannabis use obtained from a general population survey conducted during a similar time period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (N = 744, mean age = 35.8, 56.2% identified as female) largely reported daily or almost daily cannabis use (82.4%). Roughly half (55.3%) of participants estimated that others their age and gender used cannabis weekly or more often in the past 3 months, whereas the majority of people in the general population reported not using cannabis at all.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Normative misperceptions about cannabis use were common in this sample of people with risky cannabis use. Limitations and possible future directions of this research are discussed, as well as the potential for targeting these misperceptions in interventions designed to motivate reductions in cannabis use.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrialsorg number: </strong>NCT04060602.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231166809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10084580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9309676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tobacco Use in Adolescents With Disabilities: A Literature Review.","authors":"Melissa Beck Wells","doi":"10.1177/11782218231179599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231179599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of tobacco products by adolescents has greatly increased in recent years. Adolescents with disabilities have demonstrated higher instances of e-cigarette and tobacco use in relation to their peers without disabilities. Repercussions for e-cigarette and tobacco use increase negative physical and health implications and financial which ultimately will further the gap for individuals with disabilities over time. It is argued that adolescents with disabilities are more susceptible to begin using tobacco and remain using tobacco which can lead to further use of addictive substances. In this paper, the researcher explained the use of tobacco within the adolescent population, specifically for individuals with disabilities, the impact of tobacco use for individuals with disabilities, reviewed previous studies on tobacco use for adolescents with disabilities, points to the need for educational policy reform, and stated certain recommendations for mitigating tobacco use in adolescents with disabilities, which may result in positive future outcomes. The literature review indicated that the targeted interventions in schools or peer groups reduces tobacco use in adolescents with disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231179599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c3/6a/10.1177_11782218231179599.PMC10326458.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9812006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caravella McCuistian, J Konadu Fokuo, Jaime Dumoit Smith, James L Sorensen, Emily A Arnold
{"title":"Ethical Dilemmas Facing Substance Use Counselors During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Caravella McCuistian, J Konadu Fokuo, Jaime Dumoit Smith, James L Sorensen, Emily A Arnold","doi":"10.1177/11782218231158338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231158338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, substance use disorder (SUD) treatment settings experienced several abrupt changes, including decreased admissions, reduction in services, and modified requirements for medication for substance use disorder. While these changes were implemented to facilitate the maintenance of important treatment options, the ethical consequences of such changes remained unknown. The current study aimed to explore ethical issues related to COVID-19-related changes reported by counselors in SUD treatment facilities.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>From May to August 2020, we conducted 60 to 90 minutes in-depth interviews with 18 front-line staff in 1 residential and 1 outpatient treatment program, exploring issues drawn from the ethical principles of the national organization representing SUD counselors. Counselors volunteered to participate via phone or email, and participation was confidential. Interviews were conducted via videoconferencing. Topics included day-to-day experiences of ethical dilemmas in the workplace, particularly during the COVID-19 era. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and checked for accuracy and a trained team of analysts then coded transcripts using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, SUD treatment programs quickly modified procedures to adhere to public health mandates while also continuing to offer care to clients. SUD counselors reported several ways their programs adapted new and creative procedures to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission. SUD counselors also identified several novel ethical dilemmas that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, often resulting from the counselor balancing the needs for responding to public health mandates with providing services to clients. There were several ways that COVID-19 related changes resulted in therapeutic challenges for some clients, and the SUD counselors highlighted ways that changes resulted in more flexible services for other clients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the quick response to COVID-19 that occurred within SUD treatment. While these changes resulted in novel ethical dilemmas, they also offered more flexible and client-centered approaches to treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231158338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6a/4e/10.1177_11782218231158338.PMC10008725.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9621682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Factors Among Elderly in Ethiopia.","authors":"Asrat Wolde","doi":"10.1177/11782218231158031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231158031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the magnitude and associated factors of alcohol use disorder among the elderly living in 3 towns in South West Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Cross-sectional community-based study was done among 382 elderly people aged 60 or more from February to March 2022 in South West Ethiopia. The participants were selected by a systematic random sampling method. Alcohol use disorder, quality of sleep, cognitive impairment, and depression were assessed by using AUDIT, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Standardized Mini Mental State Examination, and geriatric depression scale, respectively. Also, suicidal behavior, elder abuse, and other clinical and environmental factors were assessed. The data was entered into Epi Data Manager Version 4.0.2 before being exported to SPSS Version 25 for analysis. A logistic regression model was used, and variables with a <i>P</i>-value less than .05 in the final fitting model were stated as independent predictors of alcohol use disorder (AUD).</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The magnitude of alcohol use disorder, current alcohol use, and life-time alcohol use among the elderly was 27.5%, 52.4%, and 89.3%, respectively. Also, 7%, 23%, 8.9%, and none of the elderly had nicotine, khat, inhalants, and cannabis use disorder, respectively. Furthermore, AUD was associated with cognitive impairment (AOR, 95% CI; 2.79 (1.47-5.30)), poor sleep quality (AOR, 95% CI; 3.27 (1.23-8.69)), chronic medical illness (AOR, 95% CI; 2.12 (1.20-3.74)), and suicidal ideation (AOR, 95% CI; 5.27 (2.21-12.60)).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Problematic alcohol use was higher among the elderly, and cognitive impairment, poor sleep quality, having chronic medical illness, and suicidal ideation were risk factors for AUD. Therefore, community level screening for AUD and comorbid risk factors among this particular age group and managing them is crucial to prevent further complications due to AUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231158031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/db/6a/10.1177_11782218231158031.PMC9983104.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9100798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Livhuwani Muthelo, Masenyani Oupa Mbombi, Peter Mphekgwana, Linneth Nkateko Mabila, Inos Dhau, Joseph Tlouyamma, Rathani Nemuramba, Reneilwe Given Mashaba, Katlego Mothapo, Cairo Bruce Ntimana, Eric Maimela
{"title":"Exploring Roles of Stakeholders in Combating Substance Abuse in the DIMAMO Surveillance Site, South Africa.","authors":"Livhuwani Muthelo, Masenyani Oupa Mbombi, Peter Mphekgwana, Linneth Nkateko Mabila, Inos Dhau, Joseph Tlouyamma, Rathani Nemuramba, Reneilwe Given Mashaba, Katlego Mothapo, Cairo Bruce Ntimana, Eric Maimela","doi":"10.1177/11782218221147498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218221147498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing prevalence of substance abuse in rural areas of Limpopo Province is a concern for most stakeholders including the families, South Africa Police Service, and social workers. Combating Substance Abuse requires the active roles of various stakeholders in the rural community, due to limited resources for prevention, treatment, and recovery.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report on the roles of stakeholders in tackling Substance Abuse during the awareness campaign conducted in the deep rural community of Limpopo Province, DIMAMO surveillance area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Qualitative narrative design was adopted to explore the roles of stakeholders in combating Substance Abuse during the awareness campaign conducted in the deep rural community. The population consisted of different stakeholders who play an active role in reducing Substance Abuse. The triangulation method was used for data collection (interviews, observations, and taking field notes during presentations). Purposive sampling was used to select all the available stakeholders who actively combat substance abuse in the communities. Thematic narrative analysis was used to analyze the interviews conducted with and content presented by the stakeholders to generate the themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of Substance Abuse among the youth in the Dikgale community is high with a growing trend of Crystal Meth, \"nyaope,\" and Cannabis(marijuana). The prevalence is worsened by the diverse challenges experienced by the families and stakeholders which impact the strategies targeted to combat Substance Abuse.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicated the need for strong collaborations among the stakeholders (including school leadership) to successfully combat Substance Abuse in rural areas. The findings demonstrated a need for a well-capacitated healthcare services with adequate rehabilitation centers and well-trained healthcare providers for combating Substance Abuse to minimize victim stigmatization.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218221147498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9974617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9395924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantitative Survey on Prevalence of Prescription Pain Medications and Stimulants Use in Young Adults.","authors":"Sreelekha Prakash, Yulong Gu, Michele Previti","doi":"10.1177/11782218231162827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231162827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prescription drug use including pain relievers and stimulants has been a growing problem in young adults and the issue has been a public health concern for years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This Quantitative Cross-sectional study aimed to collect preliminary data regarding prescription opioid use, prescription stimulant drug use and overdose treatment knowledge in young adults between 18 and 24 years old in a southern New Jersey university through administering an online survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1663 students who completed the survey, 33% reported using prescription pain relievers and 15% reported using prescription stimulant drugs. Stimulant drug users were found to be more likely to use prescription pain relievers (49%) as compared to non-stimulant users (30%). Furthermore, students with overdose treatment knowledge of opioids were more likely to report misuse of prescription drugs (15%) than students with less knowledge (8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reiterates the increasing usage of prescription drugs and stimulant use among college students. There is a need for effective education strategies to inform students about the prescription medication uses and misuse to reduce nonmedical use of prescription medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231162827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4d/15/10.1177_11782218231162827.PMC10123905.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9355991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 6-Month Follow-Up Study: Cognitive Impairment May Predict More Frequent Use of Methamphetamine.","authors":"Sercan Karabulut","doi":"10.1177/11782218231175811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231175811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Methamphetamine (METH) use has been associated with impairments in a variety of cognitive functions. In this study, it was aimed to assess the relation between cognitive measures and frequency of METH use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-eight participants with methamphetamine use disorder were assessed with Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Victoria-Stroop Word Color Test (SWCT), Trail Making Test (TMT) A and B. Participants were followed up during 6-month period with multiple urine toxicology tests (at baseline, month 1, month 2, month 3 and month 6).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants who had their prescriptions regularly were more likely to have higher rates of METH-negative urine results (<i>P</i> = .003). Participants who had more correct numbers, completed more categories and had more conceptual level responses on WCST were more likely to use lower frequency of METH (OR = 0.006, <i>P</i> < .01; OR = 0.171, <i>P</i> < .001; OR = 0.024, <i>P</i> < .001; respectively). The higher error numbers and perseverative error rates on WCST were associated with more frequent METH use (OR = 0.023, <i>P</i> < .001; OR = 0.076, <i>P</i> < .001). Interference factor on SWCT was related with lower frequency of METH use whereas color naming factor on SWCT was related with higher rates of urine results (OR = 0.012, <i>P</i> < .001; OR = 3.628, <i>P</i> < .001; respectively). Higher TMT B-A score was related with more frequent METH use, although the significance disappeared after adjustment (OR = 0.002, <i>P</i> < .001). Having psychotic symptoms predicted less frequent use, but after adjustment for other significant variables, there was no significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower frequency of METH use in the follow-up could be predicted by neurocognitive assessments. Deficits in executive functions, attention, set-shifting and mental flexibility seems to be the most effected domains and this effect may be independent from the severity of psychotic symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231175811"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/72/77/10.1177_11782218231175811.PMC10192674.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9859413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Efren Gomez, Matthew Gyger, Stephanie Borene, Amanda Klein-Cox, Ramona Denby, Sara Hunt, Oscar Sida
{"title":"Using SBIRT (Screen, Brief Intervention, and Referral Treatment) Training to Reduce the Stigmatization of Substance Use Disorders Among Students and Practitioners.","authors":"Efren Gomez, Matthew Gyger, Stephanie Borene, Amanda Klein-Cox, Ramona Denby, Sara Hunt, Oscar Sida","doi":"10.1177/11782218221146391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218221146391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Negative attitudes and stigmatization of substance-using patients lead to treatment avoidance and poor physical and health outcomes. Research suggests that training in substance use disorders is a vital tool to abate negative attitudes among health workers. The present longitudinal study trained students and experienced practitioners from various disciplines on the evidence-based Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) model. The study found significant improvements in the attitudes of students-but not practitioners-who were trained during the program. The paper discusses policy and implementation implications to support and complement sustained impact of training on models such as SBIRT.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218221146391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e2/1f/10.1177_11782218221146391.PMC9850124.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9147164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tham Thi Nguyen, Hien Thu Nguyen, Huyen Phuc Do, Cyrus Sh Ho, Roger Cm Ho
{"title":"Characterizing the Development of Research Landscapes in Substance Use and HIV/AIDS During 1990 to 2021.","authors":"Tham Thi Nguyen, Hien Thu Nguyen, Huyen Phuc Do, Cyrus Sh Ho, Roger Cm Ho","doi":"10.1177/11782218231177515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11782218231177515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitigating the impacts of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and substance use requires comprehensive and systematic thinking in designing interventions and developing policies. This study describes the growth of research publications from 1991 to 2021 in the Web of Science database and points out current research landscapes in the fields of HIV/AIDS and substance use. Latent Dirichlet Allocation was used for classifying 21 359 papers into corresponding topics. The most common topics were HIV transmission, HIV infection, quality of life and mental health of substance users, and the biomedical effect of substance use. Emerging research landscapes include vulnerabilities of people who inject drugs to HIV transmission and related health problems. This study found a lack of research on health services, interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral in combination with clinical evaluation and treatment services. Future investment and implementation of HIV/AIDS and substance use programs should focus on research of health services and clinical evaluation, especially context-specific interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":22185,"journal":{"name":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment","volume":"17 ","pages":"11782218231177515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bc/fc/10.1177_11782218231177515.PMC10251474.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10302114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}