Modern technology, materials and design in construction最新文献

{"title":"FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF NEW TYPOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REGION OF EASTERN UKRAINE","authors":"Oleksandr Golodnov, V. Shvets, Kostyantyn Sokolenko","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-120-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-120-129","url":null,"abstract":"The prerequisites and factors of the formation of a new type of region in the east of Ukraine have been studied. The principles and tasks of effective regional policy in modern conditions have been established. Typological differences make it possible to determine the patterns of functioning, formation and development of regions. Problems and tasks of the development of regions that are solved in the process of urban planning depend on the type and main features of the function and shape of the region. After the occupation, the state will receive two factors that will shape the problem of changing the territorial planning organization of the region and region. This is the border factor and the reintegration factor of the region that was under occupation for a long time. Trends in the development of urbanized territories and urban agglomerations strengthen the processes of formation of territorial settlement systems at the sub-regional, regional and sub-district levels. Generalized goals of regional policy determine the forecast strategy of the region's development. The structure of the regional forecast should include the following types: demographic, natural resource, economic. The general scheme of planning the territory of Ukraine aims to establish state priorities regarding rational types and modes of use of the country's territory, taking into account socio-economic needs, environmental limitations, resource opportunities and regional differences. The general scheme defines the prerequisites that contribute to the use of the territory of Ukraine. For the eastern region of Ukraine, there is a task of functional arrangement of the planning structure, taking into account the change in form. The main formative aspect is the border of the state. Objects, areas of military purpose, which form the supporting frame of the security belt, also become a derivative element. The urban planning analysis allows us to conclude that the border region will have a configuration with an impact zone of up to 50 km - the first zone of existential danger. Up to 200 km of the general strip of the border region, which will feel the influence of the border with the enemy state. In the first zone, the implementation of measures of a restrictive nature, structural transformation of communication routes and roads, pipeline infrastructure, etc., a general decrease in the population and network of settlements is expected. In the general strip, inter-village connections are formed, oriented in the direction of the center. A potential threat is the deindustrialization of the region, the decline of single settlements focused on the coal mining industry.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROMISING AREAS OF INSOLATION TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"L.Yu. Kucherenko, Ihor Babii, Marina Sologub","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-114-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-114-119","url":null,"abstract":"This article is dedicated to the study and analysis of modern insolation technologies aimed at improving comfort and energy efficiency in the urban environment. Analysis of the challenges faced by insolation in modern cities. Focusing the study on the energy efficiency aspects of buildings. A key aspect of the study is the use of dynamic and kinetic technologies in the architectural environment to improve the insolation characteristics of buildings and their interior spaces. Innovative approaches, technological solutions, and examples of successful implementation of these technologies in different cities of the world are considered. The results of the study create a basis for further research on innovative solutions for the use of solar radiation.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VENTILATION ARRANGEMENT FEATURES IN CIVIL DEFENSE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES","authors":"Viacheslav Dzhedzhula","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-185-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-185-189","url":null,"abstract":"Given the urgency of armed aggression, ensuring the safety of the civilian population is of utmost importance. Various types of structures are used for this purpose, including simple shelters, anti-radiation shelters, storage facilities, and dual-purpose structures. The construction of these facilities must be equipped with diverse internal engineering systems to ensure the livelihood of people. With the introduction of the updated State Building Code of Ukraine (DBN) B 2.2.-5:2023 [1], the requirements for the engineering support of these structures have significantly increased. This article aims to analyze the features of arranging engineering systems in these facilities, particularly ventilation systems, and provide recommendations for specific cases of ventilation and conditioning system installation. The article examines regulatory requirements for the installation of ventilation systems in the most common civil defense structures at present - anti-radiation shelters and dual-purpose structures with NBC (nuclear, biological, chemical) properties. Using the solution to a differential equation, the concentrations of carbon dioxide in rooms with people present are calculated depending on the ventilation mode: normal, reserve, and emergency. It is determined that in all cases, the concentration will not exceed the critical value. Recommendations are given for the design of ventilation systems for these buildings, and the specifics of ventilating and cooling rooms in diesel power stations for backup power supply are discussed. It is revealed that, at significant capacities of diesel power stations, the arrangement of ventilation for cooling becomes structurally complex. Solutions to this problem are proposed. It is recommended for large NBC structures and dual-purpose structures to have two ventilation chambers with separate air intakes. This will help reduce the risks of contaminating the inflow air and prevent an increase in carbon dioxide concentration during fires near civil defense structures.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139148017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODELING OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS FOR DETERMINING EFFECTIVE SOLUTIONS FOR THE PROJECT OF INSULATION OF FACADES WITH PLASTER COVERING","authors":"Ihor Babii, L.Yu. Kucherenko","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-84-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-84-90","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the research, it was established that in the construction industry, the most widely used systems for insulating external enclosing structures are bonded thermal insulation systems and hinged ventilated facades. It was determined that the technical and economic indicators of the building facade insulation project can be controlled and optimized with the help of preliminary modeling of organizational and technological solutions. Significant organizational and technological factors that have an impact on the technical and economic indicators of the project were determined. The dependence of changes in the indicators of the duration of construction and installation work on insulation, their cost and the intensity of financing when significant factors are varied is revealed. The dependence of the change in the cost of the facade insulation project by the bonded thermal insulation method on the use of various means of underlaying is determined. On the basis of EC-modeling, the dependencies of changes in the cost of the project when using different technological methods and options for organizational solutions for the insulation of external enclosing structures of buildings with plaster decoration were investigated.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114275385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREDICTION OF THE BEARING CAPACITY OF A SLAB FOUNDATION BY THE NUMERICAL METHOD OF BOUNDARY ELEMENTS","authors":"A. Morgun, I. Met, Y. Cheng, Andryi Kolesnyk","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-79-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-79-83","url":null,"abstract":"Construction is one of the leading branches of the national economy in the historical aspect of its development. The first design task is to determine the strength of building structures. Therefore, the study of the stress-strain state and related calculations are the most important in construction. The purpose of studying soil mechanics and foundation construction techniques is the calculation and construction of structures on or in soil. The main task is the construction of structures with a sufficient degree of reliability.The selection of an adequate theoretical model remains the main problem of soil mechanics. Indeed, the deformation of the dispersed granular material of the soil takes place during the mutual sliding of the grains, the rheology of the soil is complex, as evidenced by a large amount of experimental material. Today, the path of development of soil mechanics is related to the study of problems within the framework of the elastic-plastic dilatation model and the improvement of this model based on experiments. A mathematical model of a technical object at the micro level is a system of differential equations in partial derivatives, the exact solution of which can be obtained only in a few partial cases, therefore a discrete model is built using numerical methods that use the Poisson idea that the behavior of a complex model can be represented by the behavior of its individual component elements. The intensive development and widespread use of computers significantly brought fundamental mathematical problems closer to applied ones, and strengthened their mutual influence.The emergence of a new, powerful and general method of research - a numerical experiment, more than ever before closely connected the physical content of the problem, its mathematical formulation, numerical methods of calculation and modern computers. The work uses the numerical method of boundary elements. A promising way to develop foundations and foundation structures is to use the ratios of the theory of plastic flow, and the level of development of soil mechanics significantly affects the economy and reliability of the decisions made.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129786368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METAL BEARING AND SEALING STRUCTURES FOR UNDERGROUND AND PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES","authors":"V. Doroshenko, Olexander Yanchenko","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-27-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-27-35","url":null,"abstract":"The development of new technologies for the construction of multi-purpose protective structures reflects the current need to improve measures to protect civilian human and material resources (and dual purpose) and increase defense capability with the help of structures, buildings, storage and shelters. For a thorough assessment of known developments on this topic, a review of the history and achievements in the field of production and use of metal materials and structures in the construction of underground and protective structures was carried out, achievements and shortcomings were analyzed. The main attention was paid to the experience of large-tonnage production of cast iron tubing at the enterprises of the former USSR, as the closest to modern times of large-scale production with significant results, useful for study and improvement in design and technological directions. Since the sixties of the last century, 25,000 to 40,000 tons of cast iron tubing were produced annually in the former USSR for fastening underground structures of various purposes, including for protective and special facilities. Almost all the trunks of Metrobud, many trunks of the Ministry of Defense and other ministries of the former USSR constantly used cast iron tubing at their facilities. For the present time, the necessity and possibility of intensification of the construction of protective structures through the use of metal materials, in particular high-strength casting alloys, especially high-strength cast irons, as well as resource-efficient casting methods for the production of construction and protective segments or tubing, have been identified. The most suitable technology for such production of thin-walled lightweight metal products at the present time is the Lost Foam casting process, which, after improvements over the past decades, including thanks to 3D technologies and adaptation to the use of the latest alloys, has the potential to ensure the growth of both stationary and mobile construction protective structures.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124139974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THEORETICAL CALCULATION OF REINFORCED FOUNDATIONS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT ANISOTROPY OF SOILS","authors":"B. Korchevskiy, Andryi Kolesnyk","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-69-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-69-73","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of horizontal reinforcing elements into the soil, which have much higher deformation rates in the longitudinaldirection, turns it into an anisotropic medium. That is, an environment in which the strength characteristics in the vertical andhorizontal directions are significantly different.This article considers the case when the reinforcing elements are laid horizontally, and their thickness is much smaller thanthe thickness of the soil layers, so it can be neglected and the characteristics of the strength and deformations of the reinforcedsoil in the horizontal direction can be taken as for unreinforced. In the vertical direction, the presence of reinforcement in the soilmass significantly changes its characteristics. This is confirmed by the obtained results of model tests.The calculation of reinforced foundations is reduced mainly to the determination of the influence of reinforcement parameterson the distribution of stresses and, accordingly, deformations in the layers of reinforced soil.The solution is based on the basic formulas of the stress state of an anisotropic half-plane loaded with a linear load. The baseis represented by a linearly deformable porous medium, the state of which is characterized by the deformation moduli Еx, Ez, thePoisson coefficients νx, νz and the shear modulus Gz.We introduce the assumption that along the entire length of the horizontal reinforcing element, the tangential stresses in thesoil retain their maximum values max  . Such stresses should be taken into account within the scope of influence of the reinforcingelement [2-3], which is included in the margin of strength.Obtained expressions of the maximum tangential and principal stresses of the reinforced soil, taking into account theanisotropic medium.The dependence of the selection of the cross-section of reinforcing elements of soil foundations on the calculated resistanceof the materials used for them is determined.Calculated dependences of the modulus of deformation of reinforced bases in the vertical direction Ez, due to the length ofthe reinforcement and the reinforcement step, were obtained.The shear modulus Gz of anisotropic reinforced soils is determined, taking into account the parameters of the reinforcement,as well as the anisotropic properties of the soil.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126176863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PROCESS OF REFORMING THE GERMAN COAL INDUSTRY","authors":"Natalia Lubenska, Rolf Petry, Viкtor M. Yermakov, O. Diatel","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-165-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-165-171","url":null,"abstract":"Germany has come a long way, from the collapse of the economy after the Second World War, the gradual reconstruction, the energy crisis in the 60s of the last century, the abandonment of subsidized mines and the cessation of coal production in 2018 to the complete transformation into the innovation hub of Germany.Structural changes in the German mining industry refers to the change of the German mining industry from the production of coal and ore to a more diverse economic structure. The structural changes in the mining industry are the result of moving away from fossil fuels and increasing demand for renewable energy sources and clean energy production.The closure of the mines had a significant social and economic impact, especially on the Ruhr and Saar regions. Many miners lost their jobs, and the closure also affected the subcontracting industry and the region’s economy. However, structural changes have also included measures to help affected workers and regions, including retraining and upskilling programs, as well as infrastructure investment and increased use of renewable energy sources.The closure of the mines marked an important step in Germany’s restructuring and was part of Germany’s overall plan to transition to renewable energy and clean energy production. The closure of the mines took place in several stages, which were part of a comprehensive concept of phasing out hard coal mining in Germany.Overall, the closure of the German mines was a long and painful process that caused many problems. At the same time, it was a necessary step in the process of structural changes in Germany and an important contribution to the reduction of CO2 emissions and climate protection. These problems were solved by creating special programs and projects that helped former miners find new jobs and supported their transition to new employment opportunities.After the victory, we must rebuild Ukraine, and the acquired experience of international partners must be useful for the restoration of the destroyed or damaged infrastructure and territories of Ukraine as a whole. That is why, despite very difficult times for Ukraine, it is necessary to think about the future already today.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129445218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARISON OF THE EFFICIENCY OF RECONSTRUCTION METHODS OF STEEL-CONCRET SINGLE-SPAN BRIDGES","authors":"V. Popov, Oleksandr V. Voitsehivskiy, Oleg V. Stinskiy","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-19-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-19-26","url":null,"abstract":"The paper contains developed the method of strengthening steel-reinforced concrete single-span bridge structures that have undergone wear and tear due to long-term operation and require expansion. Have been described the structural solution and the principle of operation under load of the existing typical steel-reinforced concrete single-span bridges. As an example have been considered real emergency bridge structure in the village of Dashiv of the Haysyn district of the Vinnytsia region, in need of urgent reconstruction. Have been described in detail its main structural elements and technical condition. Have been shown possible rational ways of expanding and strengthening the structure in two variants. Variant 1 – reinforcement of existing steel and reinforced concrete structures with partial blocking of road traffic. Variant 2 – replacement of the span structure with a complete shutdown of the bridge for the duration of the construction and installation works. Have been developed basic constructive schemes for the reconstruction of the structure for the first and second variants. Have been described the technological sequence of strengthening the bridge structure according to both mentioned methods, have been analyzed the advantages and disadvantages and have been estimated the cost indicators of the reconstruction of each of the proposed variants. Have been proven that the strengthening method (variant 1) is more appropriate if it is necessary to partially operate the structure during construction and installation works. This method makes it possible to restore the design load-bearing capacity of the bridge structure with the provision of modern dimensional requirements and traffic safety requirements for less cost. The method of complete replacement of the span structure (variant 2), despite the higher cost, should be preferred in all other cases according to dynamics of constant growth of traffic flow in our country. With variant 2, it is possible to achieve not only the required dimensions, but also higher load-bearing characteristics of the bridge structure in a shorter period of time. The reliability and efficiency of each of the methods is confirmed by the corresponding strength calculations.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126788651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE USE OF BIM - TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ASSESSMENT OF TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS","authors":"Valeriy Andrukhov, Vitaliy Bassist, Yuliia Martyniuk, S. Hladkyi","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-146-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-1-146-151","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Literary sources have been elaborated, which reveal the main topics of the discussed questions regarding the implementation of safe operation and due to which it is possible to increase the life span of buildings or structures. Literary sources on the implementation and implementation of ВIM technologies on the territory of Ukraine, ensuring reliable maintenance of buildings during the period of operation have been elaborated. Familiarity with the capabilities of application software for information control and support during all stages of the life cycle to preserve the durability of the building was conducted. Data on the period of normal operation of some of the structural elements (sewer pipes, water pipes, etc.) were processed for maintenance or replacement planning. The main factors in the operation of buildings and structures are considered: climatic characteristics, location, load and influences, which in turn have a direct impact on the service life and technical characteristics, as well as the number and frequency of planned works or repairs to maintain the normal technical condition of the building . Work was carried out on the analysis of existing practices for assessing the technical characteristics of buildings and structures, estimated determinations of residual operational resources, technical characteristics and periods of trouble-free operation. Inspection and assessment of the technical condition, causes of problems and detection of defects, announcement of possible remedial measures. It has been analyzed how important digital information is and the presentation of such data in a centralized system. One database will greatly facilitate the processes of information collection, speed up support during maintenance. All processes will improve thanks to the ability to quickly receive the necessary information for further analysis and monitoring of the object's functioning, decision-making, planning, etc. The advantages and disadvantages of the approaches were studied and a conclusion was drawn.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131746966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}