12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)最新文献

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Surfing interconnect 冲浪互连
M. Greenstreet, Jihong Ren
{"title":"Surfing interconnect","authors":"M. Greenstreet, Jihong Ren","doi":"10.1109/ASYNC.2006.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASYNC.2006.28","url":null,"abstract":"We present a novel approach to long-wire signalling. We use the traditional division of long wires into buffered segments, but the delay of each buffer is modulated by signals derived from a timing chain. This creates a circuit element whose timing behaviour is between that of an inverter and that of a latch. We call these \"soft latches\". We demonstrate the advantages of our approach by comparing it with synchronous and asynchronous interconnect pipelining. We present results from HSPICE simulations to evaluate the robustness of our circuits","PeriodicalId":221135,"journal":{"name":"12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)","volume":"42 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129813000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
ATRS: an alternative roadmap for semiconductors, technology evolution and impacts on system architecture ATRS:半导体、技术演进和对系统架构的影响的替代路线图
J. Schoellkopf
{"title":"ATRS: an alternative roadmap for semiconductors, technology evolution and impacts on system architecture","authors":"J. Schoellkopf","doi":"10.1109/ASYNC.2006.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASYNC.2006.13","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The recent evolution of semiconductor technology, in the last decades, brought tremendous improvements in performance increase at decreasing prices, perfectly following the famous Moore's law. Lithography is still improving and allows 0.7times linear shrink per technology node. However, many products are hitting the \"power wall\"! Silicon is free, but peak power consumption, power density, heat dissipation are preventing a straight usage of the available silicon area. The simple shrink, even if it is a perfect way for cost reduction, does not support power density increase, and is not supported by packaging technology which does not scale as fast as silicon. On the other hand, scaling allows to double transistor count at each node at constant die size: then the challenge for tomorrow consists in improving performance while maintaining a reasonable power consumption. Architects and designers must improve MOPS/Watt. In the old times, VDD was scaled by 0.7, so there was enough room to increase both complexity and clock frequency. This talk presents an \"alternative roadmap\" which is proposing a way to maintain power consumption stable (from today and forever): increase complexity as much as allowed by lithography, implementing a lot of parallelism at decreased clock frequency, with a moderate VDD scaling. There is a big impact on parallel architectures, memory hierarchy, and a bigger impact on device characteristics. We'll demonstrate that device performance must be relaxed compared to the ITRS roadmap, allowing to handle the leakage power crisis and to manage the huge problems due to technology variations. Low frequency and/or asynchronous operating modes are seen as mandatory ways for power management","PeriodicalId":221135,"journal":{"name":"12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115822385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
An asynchronous high-throughput control circuit for proximity communication 用于近距离通信的异步高吞吐量控制电路
J. Ebergen, A. Chow, B. Coates, Justin Schauer, D. Hopkins
{"title":"An asynchronous high-throughput control circuit for proximity communication","authors":"J. Ebergen, A. Chow, B. Coates, Justin Schauer, D. Hopkins","doi":"10.1109/ASYNC.2006.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASYNC.2006.8","url":null,"abstract":"We describe an asynchronous control circuit for interchip communication that enables high throughput proximity communication. The circuit has been fabricated in TSMC 180nm technology and operates over a wide range of coupling capacitances between the chips and over a wide range of supply voltages. At the nominal voltage of 1.8 V and a coupling capacitance of 40fF, this control circuit enables a throughput of 3 Giga token items per second for the data path","PeriodicalId":221135,"journal":{"name":"12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)","volume":"1994 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133093430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Asynchronous design: an enabler for flexible microelectronics 异步设计:柔性微电子的推动者
Nobuo Karaki
{"title":"Asynchronous design: an enabler for flexible microelectronics","authors":"Nobuo Karaki","doi":"10.1109/ASYNC.2006.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASYNC.2006.11","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Flexible microelectronics technology featuring low-temperature polysilicon (LTPS) TFT and surface free technology by laser annealing and ablation (SUFTLAR) is expected to become a platform for developing thin, flexible and low-cost display devices. LTPS TFTs are good for realizing large area displays and integrated circuits at lower cost. A drawback of LTPS TFTs, however, is that they have substantial deviations in characteristics, which are caused by deviations mainly in crystal grain size and thickness of silicon-oxide. Until now, these deviations were considered to be beyond the capability of synchronous circuit design, especially for large-scale circuits such as microprocessors driven by global clocking. Since asynchronous circuits are \"self-timed\", they absorb the deviations of device characteristics. Plus they run as faster as possible in event-driven fashion dissipating less power, and remain on standby for quick service. Even with the benefits of asynchronous circuits, it is considered difficult to proceed with circuit design using syntax-directed translation using VLSI programming languages such as CSP, Tangram and OCCAM, syntax of which is far from the standard HDL. The authors then decided to develop Verilog+ that comprises a subset of Verilog HDLR and minimal primitives used for describing the communications between processes. Flexible 8-bit asynchronous microprocessor ACT11 is the first successful instance of asynchronous design using Verilog+ without knowledge of element and wire delay except for datapath","PeriodicalId":221135,"journal":{"name":"12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114767536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
A novel design method for asynchronous bundled-data transfer circuits considering characteristics of delay variations 一种考虑延迟变化特性的异步数据传输电路设计新方法
Masashi Imai, T. Nanya
{"title":"A novel design method for asynchronous bundled-data transfer circuits considering characteristics of delay variations","authors":"Masashi Imai, T. Nanya","doi":"10.1109/ASYNC.2006.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASYNC.2006.6","url":null,"abstract":"As the VLSI technology advances, delay variations become extremely large. Delay variation properties caused by various variation factors are different. However, the characteristics of delay variations have not been considered in traditional delay models or asynchronous design styles, which have, therefore, suffered large performance overhead. In this paper, we propose the following two methods for designing high performance asynchronous bundled-data transfer circuits based on the scalable-delay-insensitive model: 1) a variation-aware delay cell library which consists of delay cells exhibiting a wide variety of delay variation characteristics for combinational circuits; and 2) a selectable delay line in which we can select an appropriate delay line in accordance with dynamic voltage changes. Then, we show some evaluation results for the variation factor K which represents the margin that guarantees the correct operations. As a result, the performance overhead can be reduced more than 30 percent compared to conventional bundled-data transfer circuits","PeriodicalId":221135,"journal":{"name":"12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126886773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Multiple-rail phase-encoding for NoC NoC的多轨相位编码
C. D'Alessandro, D. Shang, A. Bystrov, A. Yakovlev, O. Maevsky
{"title":"Multiple-rail phase-encoding for NoC","authors":"C. D'Alessandro, D. Shang, A. Bystrov, A. Yakovlev, O. Maevsky","doi":"10.1109/ASYNC.2006.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASYNC.2006.23","url":null,"abstract":"A novel self-timed communication protocol is based upon phase-modulation of a reference signal. The reference and the data are sent on the same transmission lines and the data can be recovered observing the sequence of events on the same lines. Employing several lines increases the number of states hence reducing the number of symbols required for a transmission. A new encoding algorithm is described which generates symbol-dependent matrices which are used to control the phase of transmission lines. The protocol concept, the algorithm and analysis of the system, together with simulation results, are presented","PeriodicalId":221135,"journal":{"name":"12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)","volume":"291 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123177684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Measuring deep metastability 测量深部亚稳态
D. Kinniment, K. Heron, G. Russell
{"title":"Measuring deep metastability","authors":"D. Kinniment, K. Heron, G. Russell","doi":"10.1109/ASYNC.2006.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASYNC.2006.21","url":null,"abstract":"Present measurement techniques do not allow synchronizer reliability to be measured in the region of most interest, that is, beyond the first half cycle of the synchronizer clock. We describe methods of extending the measurement range, in which the number of metastable events generated is increased by four orders of magnitude, and events with long metastable times are selected from the large number of more normal events. The relationship found between input times and the resulting output times is dependent on accurate measurement of input time distributions with deviations of less than 10 ps. We show how the distribution of D to clock times at the input can be characterized in the presence of noise, and how predictions of failure rates for long synchronizer times can be made. Anomalies such as the increased failure rates in a master slave synchronizer produced by the back edge of the clock are measured","PeriodicalId":221135,"journal":{"name":"12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125651528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 35
An ultra-low energy asynchronous processor for wireless sensor networks 用于无线传感器网络的超低能耗异步处理器
L. Necchi, L. Lavagno, D. Pandini, Laura Vanzago
{"title":"An ultra-low energy asynchronous processor for wireless sensor networks","authors":"L. Necchi, L. Lavagno, D. Pandini, Laura Vanzago","doi":"10.1109/ASYNC.2006.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASYNC.2006.9","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the design flow used for an asynchronous 8-bit processor implementing the Atmel AVR instruction set architecture. The goal is to show dramatic reductions in power and energy with respect to the synchronous case, while retaining essentially a traditional design flow. The processor was implemented in a 130nm technology using desynchronization, starting from an initial design downloaded from OpenCores.org. It consumes 14 pJ per instruction to deliver 170 MIPS at 1.2 V, and 2.7 pJ per instruction to deliver 48 MIPS at 0.54 V. It thus dramatically improves the energy consumed per instruction with respect to previous results from the literature","PeriodicalId":221135,"journal":{"name":"12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124699975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Low-overhead testing of delay faults in high-speed asynchronous pipelines 高速异步管道延迟故障的低负荷测试
Gennette Gill, Ankur Agiwal, Montek Singh, Feng Shi, Y. Makris
{"title":"Low-overhead testing of delay faults in high-speed asynchronous pipelines","authors":"Gennette Gill, Ankur Agiwal, Montek Singh, Feng Shi, Y. Makris","doi":"10.1109/ASYNC.2006.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASYNC.2006.20","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a low-overhead method for delay fault testing in high-speed asynchronous pipelines. The key features of our work are: (i) testing strategies can be administered using low-speed testing equipment; (ii) testing is minimally-intrusive, i.e. very little testing hardware needs to be added; (iii) testing methods are extended to pipelines with forks and joins, which is an important first step to testing pipelines with arbitrary topologies; (iv) test pattern generation takes into account the likely event that one delay fault causes several bits of data to become corrupted; and (v) test generation can leverage existing stuck-at ATPG tools. In describing our testing strategy, we use examples of faults from three very different high-speed pipeline styles: MOUSETRAP, GasP, and high-capacity (HC) pipelines. In addition, we give an in-depth example - including test pattern generation - for both linear and non-linear MOUSETRAP pipelines","PeriodicalId":221135,"journal":{"name":"12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126558999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Slack matching asynchronous designs 松散匹配异步设计
P. Beerel, Nam-Hoon Kim, Andrew Lines, Mike Davies
{"title":"Slack matching asynchronous designs","authors":"P. Beerel, Nam-Hoon Kim, Andrew Lines, Mike Davies","doi":"10.1109/ASYNC.2006.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ASYNC.2006.26","url":null,"abstract":"Slack matching is the problem of adding pipeline buffers to an asynchronous pipelined design in order to prevent stalls and improve performance. This paper addresses the problem of minimizing the cost of additional pipeline buffers needed to achieve a given performance target. An intuitive analysis is given that is then formalized using marked graph theory. This leads to a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) solution of the problem. Theory is then presented that identifies under what circumstances the MILP solution admits a polynomial time solution. For other circumstances, a polynomial-time approximate algorithm using linear programming is proposed. Experimental results on a large set of benchmark circuits demonstrate the computational feasibility and effectiveness of both approaches","PeriodicalId":221135,"journal":{"name":"12th IEEE International Symposium on Asynchronous Circuits and Systems (ASYNC'06)","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115747815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 88
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