Substance abuse最新文献

{"title":"The Association of Vaping With Social/Emotional Health and Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Mitigation Measures in Adolescent and Young Adult Cohorts During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Alicia L Oliver,&nbsp;Joe Kossowsky,&nbsp;Machiko Minegishi,&nbsp;Sharon Levy,&nbsp;Elissa R Weitzman","doi":"10.1177/08897077231165860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08897077231165860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vaping is a major health risk behavior which often occurs socially. Limited social activity during the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to worsening social and emotional health. We investigated associations among youth vaping, and reports of worsening mental health, loneliness, and relationships with friends and romantic partners (ie, social health), as well as perceived attitudes toward COVID-19 mitigation measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From October 2020 to May 2021, a clinical convenience sample of adolescents and young adults (AYA) reported on their past-year substance use, including vaping, their mental health, COVID-19 related exposures and impacts, and their attitudes toward non-pharmaceutical COVID-19 mitigation interventions, via a confidential electronic survey. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to estimate associations among vaping and social/emotional health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 474 AYA (mean age = 19.3 (SD = 1.6) years; 68.6% female), 36.9% reported vaping in the prior 12 months. AYA who self-reported vaping were more likely than non-vaping AYA to report worsening: anxiety/worry (81.1%; <i>P</i> = .036), mood (78.9%; <i>P</i> = .028), eating (64.6%; <i>P</i> = .015), sleep (54.3%; <i>P</i> = .019), family discord (56.6%; <i>P</i> = .034), and substance use (54.9%; <i>P</i> < .001). Participants who vaped also reported easy access to nicotine (63.4%; <i>P</i> < .001) and cannabis products (74.9%; <i>P</i> < .001). No difference in perceived change in social wellbeing was seen between the groups. In adjusted models, vaping was associated with symptoms of depression (AOR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.06-3.29), less social distancing (AOR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.11-2.98), lower perceived importance of proper mask wearing (AOR = 3.22; 95% CI = 1.50-6.93), and less regular use of masks (AOR = 2.98; 95% CI = 1.29-6.84).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found evidence that vaping was associated with symptoms of depression and lower compliance with non-pharmaceutical COVID-19 mitigation efforts among AYA during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"44 1","pages":"73-85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10133863/pdf/10.1177_08897077231165860.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9850644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic Differences in Menthol Cigarette Use in the United States.","authors":"Rajesh Talluri, Sanjay Shete","doi":"10.1177/08897077231174683","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08897077231174683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Menthol cigarette use is associated with higher smoking initiation and reduced smoking cessation. We investigated sociodemographic differences in menthol and nonmenthol cigarette use in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the most recent available data from the May 2019 wave of the nationally-representative Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. The survey weights were used to estimate the national prevalence of individuals who currently smoke among individuals who use menthol and nonmenthol cigarettes. Survey-weighted logistic regression methods were used to estimate the association of menthol cigarette use with formerly smoking cigarettes and attempting to quit within the past 12 months while adjusting for several sociodemographic factors associated with smoking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of current smoking in individuals who ever smoked menthol cigarettes was higher 45.6% (44.5%-46.6%) compared to 35.8% (35.2%-36.4%) in individuals who ever smoked nonmenthol cigarettes. Non-Hispanics Blacks who used menthol cigarettes had a higher likelihood of being an individual who currently smokes (OR 1.8, 95% CI: [1.6-2.0], <i>P</i>-value <.001) compared to Non-Hispanic Whites who used nonmenthol cigarettes. However, Non-Hispanics Blacks who used menthol cigarettes were more likely to make a quit attempt (OR 1.4, 95%CI: [1.3-1.6], <i>P</i>-value <.001) compared to non-Hispanic Whites who used nonmenthol cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individuals who currently use menthol cigarettes are more likely to make attempts to quit smoking. However, this did not translate to successfully quitting smoking, as evidenced by the proportion of individuals who formerly smoked within the population which used menthol cigarettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"44 1","pages":"91-95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11823068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10152825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer providers and linkage with buprenorphine care after hospitalization: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Helen E Jack, Eric D Denisiuk, Brett A Collins, Dan Stephens, Kendra L Blalock, Jared W Klein, Elenore P Bhatraju, Joseph O Merrill, Kevin A Hallgren, Judith I Tsui","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2095078","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2095078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>: People with opioid use disorder (OUD) are increasingly started on buprenorphine in the hospital, yet many patients do not attend outpatient buprenorphine care after discharge. Peer providers, people in recovery themselves, are a growing part of addiction care. We examine whether patients who received a low-intensity, peer-delivered intervention during hospitalization had a greater rate of linking with outpatient buprenorphine care relative to those not seen by a peer. <i>Methods</i>: This was a retrospective cohort study of adults with OUD who were started on buprenorphine during hospitalization. The primary outcome was receipt of a buprenorphine prescription within 30 days of discharge. Secondary outcomes included attendance at a follow-up visit with a buprenorphine provider within 30 days and hospital readmission within 90 days. Modified Poisson regression analyses tested for differences in the rate ratios (RR) of each binary outcome for patients who were versus were not seen by a peer provider. Peer notes in the electronic health record were reviewed to characterize peer activities. <i>Results</i>: 111 patients met the study inclusion criteria, 31.5% of whom saw a peer provider. 55.0% received a buprenorphine prescription within 30 days of hospital discharge. Patients with versus without peer provider encounters did not significantly differ in the rates of receiving a buprenorphine prescription (RR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.74-1.51), hospital readmission (RR = 1.45, 95% CI: 0.80-2.64), or attendance at a buprenorphine follow-up visit (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.68-1.57). Peers most often listened to or shared experiences with patients (68.6% of encounters) and helped facilitate medical care (60.0% of encounters). <i>Conclusions</i>: There were no differences in multiple measures of buprenorphine follow-up between patients who received this low-intensity peer intervention and those who did not. There is need to investigate what elements of peer provider programs contribute to patient outcomes and what outcomes should be assessed when evaluating peer programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"1308-1316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9586121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9311193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of electronic cigarettes among U.S. Military service members - prevalence and associated risk factors.","authors":"Abegail A Gill,&nbsp;Brandi Alford,&nbsp;Jennylynn Balmer,&nbsp;Eric A Lutz,&nbsp;Frederic D Glogower,&nbsp;Col Keith Palm","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2095075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2022.2095075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Decreased physical fitness, loss of vision and hearing, and increased risk of chronic diseases are significant primary and secondary implications associated with the health of U.S. Military Service members who use tobacco, including electronic cigarettes. Despite the medical and non-medical costs to the U.S. Department of Defense and potential adverse health effects to Service members, electronic cigarette use is on the rise.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>U.S. Military Service members who completed their Periodic Health Assessment, a standardized, electronic, logic-based tool, from July 2018 to July 2019 were eligible. This exploratory study examines the prevalence and significant risk factors associated with self-reported use of electronic cigarettes, as well as determines if tobacco use varies by sex and Service branch, through use of Chi-square analysis and logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>U.S. Military Service members 17-70 years old were included in this study (<i>N</i> = 1.12 M), with 80% of study participants being male and 20% female. Exposure to secondhand smoke (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 2.15-2.22) and screening positive for hazardous drinking (OR: 2.70, 95% CI: 2.64-2.76) were found to show the greatest increase in odds of using electronic cigarettes, with similar findings after stratification by sex and Service branch. Stratification by Service branch revealed further differences in the association between electronic cigarette use and various demographic, military, lifestyle, and health characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Electronic cigarette use is increasing across the United States. U.S. Service members have unique risk factors and patterns of tobacco use. Despite tobacco use having potential adverse effects on military readiness, its use remains prevalent in this population. Our findings identify opportunities for the U.S. Department of Defense to review tobacco policy and availability and accessibility of cessation services to promote quitting tobacco, especially electronic cigarettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1300-1307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40535649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in buprenorphine treatment disparities during the COVID pandemic in Massachusetts.","authors":"Sarah E Wakeman,&nbsp;Eugene Lambert,&nbsp;Sunny Kung,&nbsp;Nicholas M Brisbon,&nbsp;Aleta D Carroll,&nbsp;Thu-Trang Hickman,&nbsp;Charles Covahey,&nbsp;Thomas D Sequist,&nbsp;Scott G Weiner","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2095077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2022.2095077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Racial, sex, and age disparities in buprenorphine treatment have previously been demonstrated. We evaluated trends in buprenorphine treatment disparities before and after the onset of the COVID pandemic in Massachusetts. <i>Methods:</i> This cross-sectional study used data from an integrated health system comparing 12-months before and after the March 2020 Massachusetts COVID state of emergency declaration, excluding March as a washout period. Among patients with a clinical encounter during the study periods with a diagnosis of opioid use disorder or opioid poisoning, we extracted outpatient buprenorphine prescription rates by age, sex, race and ethnicity, and language. Generating univariable and multivariable Poisson regression models, we calculated the probability of receiving buprenorphine. <i>Results:</i> Among 4,530 patients seen in the period before the COVID emergency declaration, 57.9% received buprenorphine. Among 3,653 patients seen in the second time period, 55.1% received buprenorphine. Younger patients (<24) had a lower likelihood of receiving buprenorphine in both time periods (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR), 0.56; 95% CI, 0.42-0.75 before <i>vs.</i> aPR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.60-0.96 after). Male patients had a greater likelihood of receiving buprenorphine compared to female patients in both time periods (aPR: 1.05; 95% CI, 1.00-1.11 <i>vs.</i> aPR: 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02-1.16). Racial disparities emerged in the time period following the COVID pandemic, with non-Hispanic Black patients having a lower likelihood of receiving buprenorphine compared to non-Hispanic white patients in the second time period (aPR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72-0.99). <i>Conclusions:</i> Following the onset of the COVID pandemic in Massachusetts, ongoing racial, age, and gender disparities were evident in buprenorphine treatment with younger, Black, and female patients less likely to be treated with buprenorphine across an integrated health system.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1317-1321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40551997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregivers of people with substance use or mental health disorders in the US.","authors":"Christine Timko,&nbsp;Mai Chee Lor,&nbsp;Fernanda Rossi,&nbsp;Amber Peake,&nbsp;Michael A Cucciare","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2074605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2022.2074605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Caregiving for persons with substance use and/or mental health disorders (SU/MHD) and other conditions places significant strains on caregivers. <i>Methods:</i> The present study used Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (a US health survey) data to (1) compare caregivers of recipients with SU/MHD to those of recipients with other conditions on demographic and caregiving characteristics and health outcomes and (2) examine demographic and caregiving characteristics that were associated with poorer health outcomes among caregivers of persons with SU/MHD. <i>Results:</i> Caregivers of people with SU/MHD were more likely than other caregiver groups (of recipients with medical, cognitive, developmental disability, and old age-related conditions) to report poor general health, physical health, and mental health, as well as activities limitations, having been diagnosed with depression, and binge drinking. Among the group of caregivers of recipients with SU/MHD, those caring for a parent were more likely to report poor physical health, poor mental health, depression, and binge drinking than those caring for a friend, relative, child, or spouse. In addition, caregivers who provided SU/MHD-related caregiving for a longer duration and for whom caregiving included household help were less likely to report poor mental health, depression, or binge drinking. <i>Conclusions:</i> Findings underscore the importance of the substance use disorder treatment system developing improved institutional and structural support for caregivers of recipients with SU/MHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":" ","pages":"1268-1276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40614968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic differences in quality of treatment to Medicaid enrollees receiving buprenorphine.","authors":"Rachel K Landis, Jonathan S Levin, Brendan Saloner, Adam J Gordon, Andrew W Dick, Tisamarie B Sherry, Douglas L Leslie, Mark Sorbero, Bradley D Stein","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2060424","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2060424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Buprenorphine is a key medication to treat opioid use disorder, but little is known about how treatment quality varies across sociodemographic groups. Objective: We examined measures of treatment quality and explored variation by sociodemographic factors. <i>Methods:</i> We used Medicaid MAX data from 50 states from 2006 to 2014 to identify buprenorphine treatment episodes (<i>N</i> = 317,494). We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the quality of buprenorphine treatment along four dimensions: (1) sufficient duration, (2) effective dosage, and concurrent prescribing of (3) opioid analgesics and (4) benzodiazepines. We explored how quality varied by race/ethnicity, age, sex, and urbanicity. <i>Results:</i> In adjusted models, compared to non-Hispanic White individuals, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic individuals had lower odds of receiving effective dosage (aORs = 0.79 and 0.89, respectively) and sufficient duration (aORs = 0.64 and 0.71, respectively), and lower odds of concurrent prescribing of opioid analgesics (aORs = 0.86 and 0.85, respectively) and benzodiazepines (aORs = 0.51 and 0.59, respectively). Older individuals had higher odds of sufficient duration (aORs from 1.21-1.33), but also had higher odds of concurrent opioid analgesics prescribing (aORs from 1.29-1.56) and benzodiazepines (aORs from 1.44-1.99). Females had higher odds of sufficient duration (aOR = 1.12), but lower odds of effective dosage (aOR = 0.77) and higher odds of concurrent prescribing of opioid analgesics (aOR = 1.25) and benzodiazepines (aOR = 1.16). Compared to individuals living in metropolitan areas, individuals living in non-metropolitan areas had higher odds of sufficient duration (aORs = 1.11 and 1.24) and effective dosage (aORs = 1.06 and 1.33), and lower odds of concurrent prescribing (aORs from 0.81-0.98). <i>Conclusions:</i> Black and Hispanic individuals were less likely to receive effective buprenorphine dosage and sufficient duration. Quality results were mixed for older and female individuals; although these individuals were more likely to receive treatment of sufficient duration, they were also more likely to be concurrently prescribed potentially contraindicated medications, and females were less likely to receive effective dosage. Findings raise concerns about adequacy of care for minority and other at-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"1057-1071"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9945372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10742320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is it all in the family? Sexual identity differences in DSM-5 alcohol and other drug use disorders and associations with alcohol and other drug misuse history among parents, offspring, and other relatives.","authors":"Sean Esteban McCabe, Tonda L Hughes, Jessica N Fish, Sebastian Hoak, Luisa Kcomt, Rebecca J Evans-Polce, Curtiss Engstrom, Kate Leary, Philip Veliz, Brady T West, Vita V McCabe, Carol J Boyd","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2095080","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2095080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> The objectives of this study were to: (1) estimate the prevalence of family history of alcohol and other drug (AOD) misuse (positive family history [FH+]) in first- and second-degree relatives across sexual identity subgroups (i.e., lesbian, gay, bisexual, heterosexual); (2) compare AOD misuse among offspring of sexual minority and heterosexual parents; and (3) examine the relationships between FH+ and the <i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition</i> (DSM-5) alcohol use disorder (AUD) and other drug use disorder (ODUD) across sexual identity subgroups. <i>Methods:</i> Data were from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (<i>n</i> = 36,309 non-institutionalized U.S. adults aged ≥ 18 years). Data collection occurred in households using structured diagnostic face-to-face interviews during 2012-2013. <i>Results:</i> The presence of FH+ in first- and second-degree relatives was most prevalent among bisexual women relative to all other sexual orientation subgroups. Multivariable regression analyses indicated that the odds of AUD and ODUD were higher among FH+ adults relative to negative family history (FH-) adults. Lesbian and bisexual women had higher odds of AUD compared to heterosexual women, controlling for any FH+; this sexual identity difference was not found for men. There were no significant differences in ODUD between heterosexual FH- men and gay FH- men. We found differences in AOD misuse among offspring of bisexual parents, but not gay or lesbian parents compared to heterosexual parents. <i>Conclusions:</i> Health professionals should consider the higher likelihood of a family history of AOD misuse among sexual minorities, especially bisexual women, when treating these individuals. The lack of differences in AOD misuse among offspring of gay or lesbian parents relative to heterosexual parents warrants attention for legal, policy, and clinical decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"1277-1285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10469272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10124026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis and Cocaine Use, Drinking Outcomes, and Quality of Life in General Hospital Inpatients with Alcohol Use Disorder","authors":"E. Romero-Rodríguez, Clara A. Chen, Kimberly A Dukes, Kaitlin Hartlage, T. Palfai, K. Magane, J. Samet, R. Saitz","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2074592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2022.2074592","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While associations between cannabis and cocaine use, and heavy drinking and quality of life (QOL), are well-established in the general population, it is unclear whether they are present in hospital inpatients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The aim of the study was to assess associations between cannabis and cocaine use and two outcomes [heavy drinking days (HDDs) and QOL] among hospital inpatients with AUD. Methods: Hospitalized patients with AUD and at least one past-month HDD participated in this cross-sectional study. Cannabis and cocaine use were assessed using the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test. HDDs were assessed using the Timeline Followback. QOL was assessed by the WHOQOL–BREF instrument. Multivariable regression models assessed associations. Results: Of 248 participants, 225 (91%) had severe AUD. There were no statistically significant associations between: recent cannabis use and HDDs [Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) = 0.95; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 0.80, 1.14], cocaine use and HDDs [IRR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.66, 1.18], or both cannabis and cocaine use and HDDs [IRR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.70, 1.09], as compared to use of neither cannabis nor cocaine. Use of cannabis, cocaine, and both, were not associated with QOL [(odds ratio (OR) = 0.98; 95% CI:0.55, 1.74), (OR = 0.76; 95% CI:0.30, 1.93), (OR = 1.00; 95%CI: 0.49, 2.03), respectively]. Conclusions: Among hospital inpatients with AUD, there were no significant associations between cannabis and cocaine use, heavy drinking, or QOL. Our findings raise questions regarding how drug use affects AUD and whether similar results would be found among those with milder AUD and in prospective studies.","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"1225 - 1230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49150525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Substance Use Disorder Treatment Initiation and Engagement among Adolescents Enrolled in Medicaid","authors":"L. Chavez, D. Steelesmith, J. Bridge, C. Fontanella","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2074603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2022.2074603","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescents with substance use disorders (SUD) should receive timely access to treatment to improve lifelong outcomes. The Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) initiation and engagement in treatment (IET) performance measure was intended to promote quality improvement for patients with SUD. Yet, few studies have assessed predictors of measure performance among adolescents or other engagement in mental health services, which is critical to understanding disparities in treatment quality or opportunities for targeted improvement strategies. The present study reports the rates and predictors of IET among adolescents with SUD, as well as receipt of any mental health services. Methods: The sample included adolescents enrolled in Medicaid in 14 states who had a qualifying diagnosis for SUD (2009–2013) and met HEDIS IET performance measure eligibility criteria. Three outcomes were assessed, including initiation of SUD treatment within 14 days of qualifying diagnosis, engagement in SUD treatment (2 or more encounters) within 30 days of initiation, and receipt of any mental health services (1 or more encounters) within 30 days of initiation. Logistic regression was used to identify demographic and clinical characteristics associated with outcomes. Results: Among 20,602 adolescents who met eligibility criteria, 49.5% initiated SUD treatment, 48.5% engaged in SUD treatment, and 70% received any mental health service. Adolescents with higher levels of clinical need (e.g., medical complexity, mental health comorbidity, and multiple SUD diagnoses) had significantly higher odds of initiating, but lower odds of engaging in treatment or receiving any mental health service. Conclusions: To increase the delivery of SUD treatment, efforts should target adolescents with co-occurring mental health needs, many of whom are receiving mental health services after SUD diagnosis. Integrating addiction and mental health services could address these missed opportunities.","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"1260 - 1267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47642854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}