Substance abuse最新文献

{"title":"Latent profile analysis in recovery homes: A single quantitative dimension captures most but not all of the important details of the recovery process.","authors":"Leonard A Jason,&nbsp;Mike Stoolmiller,&nbsp;John Light","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2021.1986880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2021.1986880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Our study explored whether latent classes adequately represented the social capital recovery indicators at the resident level and whether latent class membership predicted subsequent exits from the recovery homes. <i>Method</i>: Our sample included about 600 residents in 42 recovery homes. Over a 2-year period of time, every 4 months, data were collected on eight elements of recovery capital. <i>Results</i>: We found 5 latent classes were optimal for representing 8 elements of recovery capital. Representing 79% of the sample, 3 of the 5 latent class profiles of the means of the 8 recovery indicators were roughly parallel and differed only in level, but the remaining 2 latent class profiles, representing 21% of the sample, were not parallel to the first 3, suggesting that a single quantitative dimension of perceived recovery may capture most but not all of the important details of the recovery process. Next, using longitudinal data from homes, the distal outcomes of resident eviction and voluntary exit were found to be related to latent class membership. Resident level pre-existing predictors (e.g., employment status, educational attainment, gender, Latinx ethnicity) and house level pre-existing predictors (e.g., financial health, poverty level of typical population served, new resident acceptance rate) significantly discriminated the classes. In a model that combined both pre-existing predictors and distal outcomes, latent class membership was still the strongest predictor of evictions controlling for the pre-existing predictors. <i>Conclusions</i>: These classes help to clarify the different aspects of the recovery latent score, and point to classes that have different ethnic and gender characteristics as well as outcomes in the recovery homes. For example, the high levels of self-confidence found in class 3 suggest that Latinx might be at higher risk for having some difficulties within these recovery communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"666-674"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9153853/pdf/nihms-1810920.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10806640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences with an addiction consultation service on care provided to hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder: a qualitative study of hospitalists, nurses, pharmacists, and social workers.","authors":"Catherine Callister,&nbsp;Steven Lockhart,&nbsp;Jodi Summers Holtrop,&nbsp;Kaitlyn Hoover,&nbsp;Susan L Calcaterra","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2021.1975873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2021.1975873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> In response to the opioid epidemic, addiction consultation services (ACS) increasingly provide dedicated hospital-based addiction treatment to patients with substance use disorder. We assessed hospitalist and medical staff perceptions of how the presence of 2 hospitals' ACS impacted care for hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). We inquired about ongoing challenges in caring for this patient population.<i>Methods:</i> We conducted a qualitative study of hospital-based providers utilizing focus groups and key informant interviews for data collection. Transcripts were analyzed using a mixed inductive-deductive approach. Emergent themes were identified through an iterative, multidisciplinary team-based process using a directed content analysis approach.<i>Results:</i> Hospitalists (<i>n</i> = 20), nurses (<i>n</i> = 13), social workers (<i>n</i> = 11), and pharmacists (<i>n</i> = 18) from a university hospital and a safety-net hospital in Colorado participated in focus groups or key informant interviews. In response to the availability of an ACS, hospitalists described increased confidence using methadone and buprenorphine to treat opioid withdrawal, which they perceived as contributing to improved patient outcomes and greater job satisfaction. Participants expressed concern about inconsistent care provided to patients with OUD that varied by the admitting team's specialty and the physician's background and training. Nurses and hospitalists reported frustrations with achieving adequate pain control among patients with OUD. Last, pharmacists reported practice variations when physicians dosed buprenorphine for acute pain among patients with OUD. A lack of standardized dosing led to concerns of inadequate analgesia or return to opioid use following hospital discharge.<i>Conclusions:</i> An ACS reportedly supports hospitalists and medical staff to best care for hospitalized patients with OUD. Notably, care provided to patients with OUD may not be uniform depending on various physician-level factors. Future work to address the concerns reported by study participants may include education for OUD treatment, early involvement of the ACS, and incorporation of buprenorphine prescribing algorithms to standardize care.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"615-622"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8888039/pdf/nihms-1777525.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10457496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical cancer screening, abnormal results, and follow-up in women with substance use-related diagnoses.","authors":"McKenna C Eastment, Ayushi Gupta, Jocelyn James, Barbra A Richardson, Leeya Pinder, H Nina Kim, Anna Wald, Judith I Tsui","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2021.2010257","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08897077.2021.2010257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>: Substance use-related diagnoses are common and associated with poor health outcomes. The objective of this analysis was to compare rates of cervical cancer screening, screening abnormalities, and follow-up care in women with and without a substance use-related diagnosis seen for primary care between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2019 in the University of Washington healthcare system. <i>Methods</i>: This study included women aged 21-65 years of age who had at least one outpatient visit between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2019 within one of 45 primary care or women's health clinics in the academic healthcare system. Exposure status was defined using ICD10 codes for substance-use related diagnoses or no substance-use related diagnoses. Only first cervical cancer screening was included. Generalized linear models with a binomial family and log link were used to estimate risk ratios. <i>Results</i>: 3845 women had a substance use-related diagnosis and 89214 did not. Women with a substance use-related diagnosis were less likely to be screened for cervical cancer (44%, 1675/3845) compared to women without a substance use-related diagnosis (49%, 43338/89214; relative risk [RR] 0.90, 95% CI 0.86-0.93). Women with a substance use-related diagnosis were also more likely to have an abnormal screening result (18%, 304/1675) compared to women without a substance use-related diagnosis (10%, 4528/43338; RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.56-1.93). Follow-up for abnormal screens did not differ significantly between groups (24 vs 25%; RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.55-1.17). <i>Conclusion</i>: To combat disparities in cervical cancer screening for women with substance use-related diagnoses, public health efforts should expand access to screening where women with substance use-related diagnoses are seen, including acute care, inpatient hospitalizations, and addiction treatment settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"925-931"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9632608/pdf/nihms-1842163.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10463883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding caregiver acceptance of screening for family substance use in pediatric clinics serving economically disadvantaged children.","authors":"Pamela A Matson,&nbsp;Neha Bakhai,&nbsp;Barry S Solomon,&nbsp;Sarah Flessa,&nbsp;Julia Ramos,&nbsp;Christopher J Hammond,&nbsp;Hoover Adger","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2021.1941510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2021.1941510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Children of parents with substance use disorders are at greater risk for mental and physical health co-morbidities. Despite guidelines, pediatricians rarely screen for substance use in the family/household, citing fear of offending parents. The objectives of this study were to examine (1) caregiver acceptance of pediatricians screening for family/household substance use during well-child visits, (2) prevalence of family/household substance use, and (3) the association between family/household substance use and trust in their child's pediatrician. <i>Methods:</i> This cross-sectional study surveyed adult caregivers presenting a child for medical care at two urban pediatric outpatient clinics using a brief anonymous computer-based survey. The primary outcome measured the acceptability of pediatrician screening for family/household substance use. Substance use and concerns about use in the family/household were also assessed. <i>Results:</i> Adult caregivers (<i>n</i> = 271) surveyed were mean age 35 years, 73% mothers, 90% African American, and 85% on Medicaid. Over half (51%) of caregivers reported substance use by someone in the family/household, most commonly cigarettes (38%), followed by alcohol (19%) and marijuana (10%). Sixty-one percent of caregivers who reported family substance use expressed concern about the use of this substance. The majority (87%) agreed it is appropriate for pediatricians to ask caregivers about family/household substance use. No differences were found between caregivers who did and did not report substance use in their family/household. Caregivers with concerning substance use in their family/household were less likely to trust their pediatrician [OR = 0.21, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.85] <i>Conclusions:</i> Caregivers endorsed acceptance of universal screening for substance use, including illicit substances, and substance use disorders in the family/household during well-child visits. Pediatricians are trusted professionals with expertise in communicating with parents to maximize the health of their patients; assessing family history of substance use and substance use disorders is a natural extension of their role.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"282-288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08897077.2021.1941510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10719315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in binge drinking, marijuana use, illicit drug use, and polysubstance use by sexual identity in the United States (2006-2017).","authors":"Sean Esteban McCabe,&nbsp;Curtiss W Engstrom,&nbsp;Luisa Kcomt,&nbsp;Rebecca Evans-Polce,&nbsp;Brady T West","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2021.1913696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2021.1913696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> National studies often examine associations between sexual identity and substance use at a single point in time and neglect to examine whether these associations change over time. The present study examines U.S. trends in the past-year prevalence of binge drinking, marijuana use, illicit drug use, and polysubstance use across sexual identity subgroups (gay, lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual). <i>Methods:</i> The data come from four independent, cross-sectional samples measured by the National Survey of Family Growth (2006-2010, 2011-2013, 2013-2015, and 2015-2017). Based on the consistency in the sampling procedures used over time, merging the four data sets was possible. The target population is men and women 15-44 years of age. <i>Results:</i> Lesbian women had the sharpest decline in past-year binge drinking over time, followed by heterosexual women. The prevalence of binge drinking for bisexual women did not change significantly over time and was higher in 2015-2017 than for any sexual identity subgroup. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the prevalence of binge drinking among men by sexual identity subgroup. Past-year abstinence from substance use was consistently lower among lesbian women, gay men, and bisexual women relative to other sexual identity subgroups. Polysubstance use was consistently more prevalent among bisexual women (e.g., 32.3% in 2015-2017) as compared to other sexual identity subgroups. <i>Conclusion:</i> This is the first study to examine U.S. national trends in alcohol, marijuana, illicit drug, and polysubstance use across sexual identity subgroups, and demonstrates that sexual identity subgroup differences were robust with relatively few changes in trends over time. The consistently high rates of binge drinking and polysubstance use among bisexual women deserve much closer attention based on the related health consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"194-203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8770527/pdf/nihms-1744329.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10804695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in cannabis-related attitudes and behaviors among cannabis-using adolescent and young adult outpatients following medical cannabis legalization in Massachusetts.","authors":"Maddie O'Connell,&nbsp;Sharon Levy,&nbsp;Lydia A Shrier,&nbsp;Sion K Harris","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2021.1941517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2021.1941517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Among youth already using cannabis, legalization of medical cannabis may influence cannabis-related attitudes and behaviors, including increasing access through use of someone else's medical cannabis (diversion). <i>Objective:</i> To examine cannabis-related attitudes and behaviors (including diverted cannabis use) in cannabis-using youth in the four years following medical cannabis legalization. Additionally, we investigated characteristics of youth who used vs. did not use diverted medical cannabis. <i>Methods:</i> Data were collected in Boston from 2013 (when medical cannabis legislation took effect in Massachusetts) through 2016 (when recreational cannabis use became legal in Massachusetts). Cannabis-using youth (age 13-24) presenting to an outpatient adolescent substance use treatment program (ASUTP) or recruited for an adolescent medicine clinic study (AMCS) completed a confidential survey on demographic characteristics and cannabis use behaviors and attitudes. We used multiple logistic regression to analyze changes in attitudes and behaviors over three years versus the reference year (2013), controlling for demographics. We used chi-square to compare characteristics of youth reporting use of diverted medical cannabis versus those not. <i>Results:</i> The sample included 273 cannabis-using youth (ASUTP <i>n</i> = 203, AMCS <i>n</i> = 70; 2013 <i>n</i> = 67, 2014 <i>n</i> = 67, 2015 <i>n</i> = 77, 2016 <i>n</i> = 62). Mean ± SD age was 18.2 ± 2.5 years, 32% were female, 58% were White non-Hispanic, and 70% had college-graduate parents. In 2013, most youth reported that cannabis was easy to obtain (97.9%), and that occasional cannabis use had \"no\" or \"slight\" risk of harm (89.4%), with little change across years. In 2016, 44% of youth reported using someone else's medical cannabis, versus 15% in 2013 (aOR 4.66, 95% CI 1.81, 11.95). Youth using diverted medical cannabis had higher likelihood of reporting riding with a driver, or driving themselves, after cannabis use (both <i>p</i> < .01). <i>Conclusion:</i> Among at-risk youth in Massachusetts, use of diverted medical cannabis increased after medical cannabis legalization, and those using diverted medical cannabis reported higher risk for cannabis-related traffic injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"328-335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08897077.2021.1941517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9446971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of obesity in patients hospitalized with opioid/opiate overdose.","authors":"Paul Archibald,&nbsp;Kavitha Subramoney,&nbsp;Hind A Beydoun,&nbsp;Ché Matthew Harris","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2021.1941505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2021.1941505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>: Although a direct link between opioid use in obese patients and risk of overdose has not been established, obesity is highly associated with higher risk for opioid/opiate overdose. Evidence for clinical impact of obesity on patients with opioid/opiate overdose is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine effects of obesity on health-care outcomes and mortality trends in hospitalized patients who presented with opioid/opiate overdose in the United States between 2010 and 2014. <i>Design:</i> Multivariate logistic and linear regression analysis compared clinical outcomes and hospital resource utilization between obese and nonobese patients. Trend analysis of in-hospital mortality was also analyzed. <i>Setting:</i> United States. <i>Participants:</i> 302,863 adults ≥ 18 years and hospitalized with a principle diagnosis of opioid/opiate overdoses between 2010 and 2014. <i>Measurements:</i> Primary measurement was in-hospital mortality. Secondary measurements included respiratory failure, cardiogenic shock, mechanical ventilations/intubations, hospital charges, and length of stay. <i>Findings:</i> Prevalence for in-hospital mortality was lower in patients with obesity (2.2% vs 2.9%). Obese patients had higher adjusted odds for respiratory failure (aOR = 1.7, [(CI) 1.6-1.8]) and mechanical ventilation/intubation (aOR = 1.17, [(CI) 1.10-1.2]). They also had longer length of stays (aMD = 0.4 days, [(CI) 0.25-0.58 days] and higher total hospital charges (aMD = $5,561, [(CI) $3,638-$7,483]. Trends of in-hospital mortality for patients with obesity did not significantly increase (2.1% in 2010 to 2.4% in 2014, <i>p</i> trend = 0.37), but significantly increased for obese patients (2.4% in 2010 to 3.4% in 2014; <i>p</i> trend <0.01). <i>Conclusions:</i> Prevalence and trends of mortality were lower in patients with obesity hospitalized for opiate/opioid overdose compared to those without obesity between 2010 and 2014 in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"253-259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08897077.2021.1941505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10513520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical therapists' attitudes are associated with their confidence in and the frequency with which they engage in prescription opioid medication misuse management practices with their patients. A cross-sectional study.","authors":"John Jake Magel,&nbsp;Gerald Cochran,&nbsp;Nancy West,&nbsp;Julie M Fritz,&nbsp;Mark D Bishop,&nbsp;Adam J Gordon","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2021.1944959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2021.1944959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> In the US, prescription opioid medication misuse (POMM) necessitates engagement of physical therapists (PTs). We (1) evaluated the attitudes of (PT) related to their management of patients with POMM and (2) examined the association between these attitudes and PTs confidence in POMM-related management abilities and the frequency with which they engaged in POMM-related management practices. <i>Methods</i>: We conducted a national survey of PTs that included a modified Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaire (DDPPQ). Confidence in POMM-related abilities and the frequency of engaging in POMM-related management practices were measured. Logistic regression evaluated the association between the DDPPQ subscales (role adequacy, role legitimacy, role self-esteem, role support, job satisfaction) and confidence and frequency outcomes. <i>Results</i>: The analysis included 402 respondents. Role adequacy and legitimacy subscales were associated with confidence and frequency outcomes (<i>p</i><.05), indicating that more favorable role adequacy and legitimacy attitudes are associated with greater odds of having more confidence in POMM-related management abilities and of engaging in more frequent POMM-related management practices. <i>Conclusions</i>: PTs with a greater sense of preparedness to engage in POMM-related management were more likely to report greater confidence in POMM-related management abilities and engage in POMM-related management practices with greater frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"433-441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08897077.2021.1944959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10513984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol consumption and alcohol home delivery laws during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Elyse R Grossman, Sara E Benjamin-Neelon, Susan Sonnenschein","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2060432","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2060432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Alcohol consumption in the U.S. is a public health problem that has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Relatedly, many states have responded to COVID-19 by relaxing their alcohol laws, making it possible for adults to have alcohol delivered to their homes. This study sought to understand the impact of allowing alcohol home delivery on self-reported adult alcohol consumption in the US. <i>Methods:</i> In May 2020, we surveyed a convenience sample of U.S. adults over 21 years of age recruited through social media and listservs. Eight hundred and thirty-two participants completed the online survey: 84% were female, 85% were White, and 72% were between the ages of 26 and 49. <i>Results:</i> Twenty-one percent of participants who consumed alcohol in the past month had at least some alcohol delivered, with 60% having it delivered from liquor stores, restaurants, or bars. The remainder of the participants purchased the alcohol in-person or owned it pre-COVID-19. Participants who reported having alcohol delivered also reported consuming more drinks (<i>β</i> = 13.3; 95% CI [8.2, 18.4]; <i>p</i> < .000) and drinking on more days (<i>β</i> = 5.0; 95% CI [2.9, 7.0]; <i>p</i> < .000) over the past month than participants who obtained alcohol through other methods. Participants who had alcohol delivered were nearly two times more likely to report engaging in binge drinking than those who obtained alcohol through other methods (<i>OR</i> = 1.96; 95% CI [1.3, 3.1]; <i>p</i> = .003). <i>Conclusions:</i> Obtaining alcohol through home delivery was associated with greater alcohol consumption including binge drinking. As states consider permanently allowing alcohol home delivery, it is important to consider the potential public health implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"1139-1144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42164535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating ACGME-accredited addiction psychiatry fellowship online content: A critical analysis of addiction psychiatry fellowship program websites in the US.","authors":"Matthew P Abrams,&nbsp;Elle Lett,&nbsp;Danielle S Jackson,&nbsp;Anne E Kohler,&nbsp;Ayana Jordan","doi":"10.1080/08897077.2022.2112367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2022.2112367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction:</i> There is an extreme shortage of addiction psychiatrists and a lack of representation of addiction psychiatry (ADP) fellows from racial/ethnic minoritized backgrounds. ADP fellowship websites are integral in engaging potential applicants. It is therefore critical to understand the quality of engagement that trainees are having with ADP fellowship websites. The aim of this study was to investigate the accessibility and content of ADP fellowship program websites in the U.S. <i>Methods:</i> A list of ADP Fellowship programs was obtained from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. A critical textual analysis of 42 unique factors within four categories (accessibility, recruitment, education, and health equity) was performed for each ADP fellowship website. <i>Results:</i> Of 51 ADP fellowships, 47 (92.2%) had websites. Information about social media accounts was largely missing from ADP fellowship websites. For recruitment, program description (95.7%) and program director name (76.6%) were most readily available, while interview day (0.00%) and vacation details (10.6%) were least available. For education, a list of rotations (55.3%) and didactics/lectures (40.4%) were most readily available, while post fellowship placement (6.4%), call schedule (4.3%), and responsibility progression (2.1%) were least available. The most prevalent health equity factors were gender-inclusive language (100%) and an absence of stigmatizing addiction language (100%). The least listed were statements of commitment to health equity (0.0%), antiracism training (2.1%), and harm-reduction strategies (4.3%). <i>Conclusions:</i> There are considerable gaps in the amount and types of information provided by ADP fellowship websites. Many existing websites are poorly interfacing with potential leaders in the field. The development of ADP fellowship websites could serve as a low-cost recruitment tool to engage potential addiction specialists. Our findings underscore the need for ADP fellowships to optimize their websites to engage bourgeoning leaders in addiction and optimize access to more comprehensive information.</p>","PeriodicalId":22108,"journal":{"name":"Substance abuse","volume":"43 1","pages":"1346-1352"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10425242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}