Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis reveals the enhancing effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid on the tolerance of grapevines to cadmium stress by reducing cadmium accumulation.","authors":"C Huang, S Xing, X Jiang, X Dong, X Lv, L Lin, J Wang","doi":"10.1111/plb.70217","DOIUrl":"10.1111/plb.70217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grape (Vitis vinifera) is one of the most widely cultivated fruit crops in the world, known for its juicy and delicious berries. However, Cd contamination of vineyard soils poses a significant threat to the safe production of grapes. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) can reduce cadmium (Cd) uptake in crops, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, the molecular mechanism by which GABA affects Cd uptake in grapevines under Cd stress was investigated by the transcriptome analysis. GABA promoted grapevine growth by increasing the biomass under Cd stress. It also reduced the Cd content in grapevines and decreased Cd accumulation in subcellular fractions, including the cell wall, organelles and membranes and soluble fractions. Compared with Cd treatment, GABA reduced Cd contents in roots and shoots by 13.59% and 14.81%, respectively. Transcriptome analysis showed that GABA regulates Cd transport by downregulating the expression of genes related to Cd absorption (VvHMA1 and VvNramp3) and upregulating the expression of efflux genes (VvABCG5 and VvABCG9). Additionally, GABA upregulated the expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (VvGST1, VvGST2, VvPOX2 and VvPOX1), thereby alleviating oxidative damage under Cd stress. This study reveals that GABA enhances grapevine tolerance to Cd stress by regulating the expression of genes involved in Cd transport and detoxification, as well as enhancing antioxidant capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1725-1736"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OsPIP2;1 impacts root hydraulic conductance and is a candidate gene for a drought avoidance QTL on rice chromosome 7.","authors":"Z Abubakar, F S Khowaja, T Dasgupta, D Mieulet, E Guiderdoni, G J Norton, A H Price","doi":"10.1111/plb.70237","DOIUrl":"10.1111/plb.70237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mapping drought avoidance qualitative trait loci (QTLs) in the Bala × Azucena population has revealed a locus on chromosome 7 where the Azucena allele increases leaf rolling but reduces leaf drying. A cluster of four aquaporin genes OsPIP2;1, OsPIP2;4, OsPIP2;5, OsPIP2;9 co-locate with this QTL. The hypothesis that this gene cluster and the QTL are functionally related was tested, assuming that aquaporin would be linked to drought avoidance via an impact on root hydraulic conductance. Genetic differences in these genes was assessed bioinformatically. Physiological assessment of root hydraulic properties was carried out on near-isogenic lines and RNAi knockdowns of OsPIP2;1. For this, a two-plant pressure chamber was used and a novel technique for assessing root hydraulic flow using osmotic swelling of roots was developed. Bala has relatively rare haplotypes for these PIPs that are associated with the aus subgroup of rice, which it shares with the aus cultivar N22 from which it was directly derived in breeding. Allelic variation in root hydraulic flow and conductance was revealed. Notably, the allelic difference in hydraulic flow/conductance was only strongly evident when plants were droughted (e.g. with Azucena allele having an average 70% lower hydraulic flow than the Bala allele). RNAi lines with reduced expression of OsPIP2;1 had a commensurate reduction in root hydraulic flow and conductance. These studies confirm the role of OsPIP2;1 in root hydraulic flow in rice, and highlight the presence of aus-specific allelic variation that appears to impact root hydraulic conductance and drought avoidance in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1602-1613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148248463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological variation in rosette-forming plants (Hesperoyucca, Asparagaceae) along a latitudinal gradient of dry environments in the Baja California Peninsula.","authors":"C R Alamo-Herrera, M C Arteaga, R Bello-Bedoy","doi":"10.1111/plb.70221","DOIUrl":"10.1111/plb.70221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morphological variation provides plants the potential to respond to heterogeneous environmental pressures. Species with restricted distributions in dry habitats are particularly interesting because small-scale environmental gradients may influence trait variation. We evaluated morphological variation in two rosette-forming Hesperoyucca species, H. whipplei and H. peninsularis, across a latitudinal gradient in the Baja California Peninsula (BCP) and identified the environmental variables most strongly associated with morphological traits. We measured 15 morphological traits in 181 adult plants from 22 sites along the BCP. Multivariate analyses (PCA, MANOVA, linear mixed models and ANCOVA) were used to assess variation within and between species and to test associations with latitude and environmental variables. Morphological variation showed clear species-level differentiation, with significant differences in tepal size, overall plant size and architectural traits. At the regional scale, morphological variation was significantly associated with latitude. Tepal size and plant architecture covaried with solar radiation and precipitation, respectively, indicating that morphological traits covary with environmental heterogeneity across the BCP. Morphological variation in Hesperoyucca varies along the latitudinal gradient of the BCP and differs between species. Despite their restricted distributions, both species exhibit geographical trait variation associated with local environmental conditions. These findings highlight the role of environmental heterogeneity in shaping morphological patterns at regional scales and provide a baseline for future genetic and experimental studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1587-1595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13358671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147872678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocrusts improve the performance of crop species under simulated space conditions.","authors":"M A Molina-Montenegro, S A Reyes, C Atala","doi":"10.1111/plb.70276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long space travels and exoplanetary colonization will likely require innovative strategies to ensure crop survival under extreme conditions. Simultaneously, climate change threatens global agricultural productivity, increasing the need for stress-tolerant crops. Beneficial microorganisms, particularly high-stress-tolerant biocrusts, offer a promising tool for supporting plant growth in harsh environments. Here, we evaluated the effects of biocrusts from the Atacama Desert, the driest desert on Earth, on soil nutrition, plant performance, and crop nutritional quality in lettuce and spinach under simulated space conditions. Biocrusts significantly enhanced soil enzymatic activity, improving nutrient availability. Additionally, biocrust-treated plants exhibited higher germination and survival rates, greater stress tolerance, and increased nutritional quality compared to control plants. These benefits were particularly evident under space-simulated conditions, where plant growth was highly constrained. Our findings highlight the potential of Atacama Desert biocrusts as a sustainable and effective biotechnological solution for space agriculture, ensuring crop resilience and nutritional yield. Moreover, these microbial communities could help mitigate the impacts of climate change on terrestrial agriculture by improving soil fertility and plant stress tolerance. Biocrusts represent a valuable resource and a sustainable alternative for securing global food production in extreme environments, both on Earth and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous GA and IAA enhance germination of Cnidium monnieri via regulation of plant signalling-energy metabolism.","authors":"Q Wei, F Chen, F Ge, H Cui","doi":"10.1111/plb.70271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The seed dormancy of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson results in a low germination percentage. Gibberellins (GA) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are crucial phytohormones involved in breaking seed dormancy. However, the mechanism by which GA and IAA break dormancy in C. monnieri seeds remains unclear. We experimentally examined the effects of GA and IAA treatments on the seed germination of C. monnieri by verifying the associated changes in the levels of three phytohormones, key substances in the glycolytic pathway and the expressions of related genes. Our results showed that the treatments of GA (100 mg/L) and IAA (150 mg/L) significantly enhanced germination percentage. Following GA and IAA treatments, endogenous GA and IAA levels significantly increased with upregulation of their upstream and downstream genes (GA3ox, ARF, ALDH), whereas ABA levels significantly decreased and ABA signalling pathway genes (NCED, SnRK₂) were downregulated. Besides, GA and IAA treatments significantly promoted the glycolytic pathway, as demonstrated by the increased activities of key glycolytic enzymes (PFK and GAPDH), elevated levels of metabolic end-products (pyruvate and ATP) and upregulated expressions of encoding genes (PK, PFK). Our results demonstrate that GA and IAA treatments significantly promote GA and IAA signalling pathways while inhibiting the ABA signalling pathway, concurrently stimulating the glycolytic pathway to enhance carbohydrate catabolism and supply energy for increased germination. These findings elucidate that GA and IAA coordinate 'hormone signalling-energy metabolism' regulation in dormancy release of C. monnieri, establishing a critical technical framework for large-scale propagation and rapid activation of C. monnieri with ecological control function in field application.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148596995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“On a tree”, “terrestrial”, or “on the rocks”? Habit diversity in the megadiverse genus Peperomia","authors":"J. Y. L. Tay,&nbsp;G. Zotz,&nbsp;M.-S. Samain","doi":"10.1111/plb.70214","DOIUrl":"10.1111/plb.70214","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":"28 5","pages":"1373-1384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/plb.70214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147924875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful transfer of apomixis leads to heritable semi-sterility in experimental apomictic hybrids of Hieracium s.str. (Asteraceae)","authors":"J. Chrtek,&nbsp;B. Quirós-de-la-Peña,&nbsp;P. Mráz","doi":"10.1111/plb.70238","DOIUrl":"10.1111/plb.70238","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":"28 5","pages":"1536-1550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148275285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular evolution of terpene synthase underlying the diversification of isoprene emission in Fagaceae","authors":"Y. Ikezaki,&nbsp;S. Koita,&nbsp;S. N. Kudo,&nbsp;T. Nakata,&nbsp;R. Munakata,&nbsp;K. Yazaki,&nbsp;T. Torimaru,&nbsp;N. Tomaru,&nbsp;S. Isobe,&nbsp;H. Hirakawa,&nbsp;J. Kusumi,&nbsp;A. Satake","doi":"10.1111/plb.70233","DOIUrl":"10.1111/plb.70233","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":"28 5","pages":"1315-1329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/plb.70233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148051318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global review of mistletoe frugivory and seed dispersal: The plant perspective","authors":"R. F. Fadini,&nbsp;M. A. Pizo,&nbsp;F. E. Fontúrbel,&nbsp;E. Cazetta","doi":"10.1111/plb.70252","DOIUrl":"10.1111/plb.70252","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mistletoe–frugivore interactions stand out as one of the classic examples of specialized and reciprocal relationships in ecology and evolutionary biology. Additionally, many theoretical advances have been made by using the interactions between mistletoes and their seed dispersers as study models. Although generally well-studied, there is no single global review on mistletoe frugivory and seed dispersal, creating an opportunity to synthesize existing knowledge, identify major gaps, and advance unresolved and new research questions. We conducted a systematic review of studies on mistletoe frugivory and seed dispersal, focusing on taxonomic, geographic, and methodological patterns, showcasing the plant perspective, which has been comparatively underappreciated relative to seed dispersers' perspective. The number of studies (n = 58) and species studied (n = 36) was proportional to the number of species per genus, although several diverse genera remain understudied. We found very few studies in the tropical rainforests and in the north temperate forests. No endangered mistletoe species (n = 58) have been studied, and only one species has been studied in urban areas. Methodologically, searching for seeds or seedlings in potential recruitment sites predominated, while tracking movements of seed dispersers with radio or GPS devices remains poorly used. Mistletoe–frugivore interactions offer excellent study models for exploring a different suite of ecological questions, yet substantial gaps persist across taxa, regions, and biomes. Future studies should prioritize rarer species, especially those threatened and endemic. Studies should also prioritize understudied biomes, such as the tropical rainforests and north temperate forests. We further believe that many unanswered research questions could be clarified using appropriate and modern methods to assess and record interactions between mistletoes and frugivores, thereby advancing the use of these systems as model frameworks for studying the ecological and evolutionary consequences of seed dispersal.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":"28 5","pages":"1303-1314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/plb.70252","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience of floral scent emission after florivory","authors":"P. Tunes,&nbsp;Y. Canaveze,&nbsp;S. R. Machado,&nbsp;S. Dötterl,&nbsp;E. Guimarães","doi":"10.1111/plb.70209","DOIUrl":"10.1111/plb.70209","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":"28 5","pages":"1491-1506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/plb.70209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}