Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Glyphosate residues in soil alter herbivore-induced plant volatiles and affect predatory insect behaviour.","authors":"B Fuchs, J D Blande, V Weijola","doi":"10.1111/plb.70117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants under herbivore attack emit distinct blends of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) which serve as signalling cues for predatory insects. This concept of indirect plant defence has tremendous potential in sustainable insect pest control. It represents a cornerstone of alternatives to synthetic pesticides in integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. The composition of HIPVs determines the effectiveness of predatory insect attraction and is vulnerable to disturbance by multiple biotic and abiotic factors above- and belowground. Residues of the most widely used herbicide (glyphosate) are persistent pollutants in agricultural soils, where they increasingly affect plant physiology, with cascading effects on species interactions. Here, we tested whether herbicide legacy in soil affects plant performance, aphid herbivory, and aphid-induced volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions in oat plants, and tested whether the preference of predatory ladybirds towards aphid-infested plants is affected by herbicide legacy in the soil. Soil herbicide legacy reduced chlorophyll activity and plant height, but did not affect plant biomass nor aphid populations. Five compounds in the emitted VOC profile were significantly affected by soil history of herbicide use, which, in turn, affected ladybird orientation behaviour. In a choice assay, ladybirds preferred the odour of plants growing in herbicide-free soil. These results reveal a subtle layer of effects of herbicide legacy in soil on emission of HIPVs, with cascading effects on predatory insect behaviour. Our results demonstrate that essential ecosystem services in the aboveground plant space, such as natural pest control, may be reduced by soil pollution with anthropogenic pesticides such as glyphosate, causing mismatches in plant-insect communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchrony strategies of six gall inducers that share a superhost, Eugenia copacabanensis (Myrtaceae).","authors":"L P Nobrega, R R Marquesine, P H P Gonçalves, V C Maia, D C Oliveira, B G Ferreira","doi":"10.1111/plb.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The life cycles of galling insects are synchronized with their host plant phenology, allowing them to better explore available resources. Distinct strategies among six galling species that share a superhost, Eugenia copacabanensis, were expected: optimizing growth of galls in times of increased availability of water and other resources. The vegetative and reproductive phenology of E. copacabanensis in Brazilian Restingas, climate patterns, and development cycles of six gall morphotypes were assessed throughout a year. The vegetative phenophases of E. copacabanensis presented peaks associated with the rainy season. Reproductive phenophases occurred at two different times: flower buds and flowers in anthesis occurred only during the rainy season, whereas fruits developed and matured during the dry season. Distinct strategies occur among Cecidomyiidae galls. Spiral globoid and clavate galls induced by Stephomyia spp. (Cecidomyiidae) are univoltine and occur only at the beginning of the rainy season, with emergence of leaves. Precipitation peaks influenced emergence of leaves and distinct periods of emergence of globoid, leaf-rolling, and lenticular galls. Multivoltine life cycles occur for globoid and leaf-rolling galls induced by Dasineura spp., lenticular Cecidomyiidae galls, and fusiform Hymenoptera galls. The different life cycles among the gall inducers allow exploitation of plant nutritional resources at different times and oviposition sites, thereby avoiding potential nutritional competition. Thus, gall inducers of E. copacabanensis exhibit strategic adjustments that enable them to occupy the same host and ensure completion of their life cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RsMYB90, a R2R3-MYB transcription factor, plays a positive role in regulating low temperature stress in radish.","authors":"T Qin, M Zhang, X Yi, J Yang, J Ying, H Wang, X Ma, L Liu, L Xu, Y Wang","doi":"10.1111/plb.70118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The taproot of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is vulnerable to low temperature stress. MYB transcription factors are essential in the response to low temperature stress in plants. However, little is known about how MYBs participate in the low temperature stress response in radish. A key candidate gene was significantly induced by low temperature based on transcriptome data, and its biological functions were verified using Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. The target genes regulated by RsMYB90 were identified with a yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assay and dual luciferase assay (DLA). Transgenic radish with RsMYB90 knockdown had decreased coldtolerance, while RsMYB90-overexpressing Arabidopsis showed enhanced resistance to low temperature. Additionally, the Y1H assay demonstrated that RsMYB90 could directly bind to the promoter of cold-related gene RsCOR78, and the DLA showed that RsMYB90 activated its expression. RsMYB90 promoted anthocyanin accumulation and stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging in response to low temperature. We propose a working model indicating how RsMYB90 functions in the low temperature stress response. The RsMYB90 gene was induced by cold conditions and directly bound to the RsCOR78 promoter, activating its expression and enhancing plant cold tolerance. RsMYB90 directly activated RsUFGT expression, promoting anthocyanin synthesis and facilitating ROS scavenging to further strengthen cold resistance. These results provide novel insights into the modulation mechanism by which MYB TFs are involved in cold tolerance in radish.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dual role of red deer in yellow rockrose seed dispersal and predation in Mediterranean Spain.","authors":"R Fernández-Fuerte, P J Garrote, E Virgós, J M Fedriani","doi":"10.1111/plb.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endozoochory, seed dispersal after animal ingestion, is a mutualistic plant-animal interaction that often involves substantial costs (e.g. ingested seed destruction). However, few studies have simultaneously comprehensively assessed the costs and benefits. We investigated the interaction between overabundant ungulates and the Mediterranean shrub Cistus halimifolius in Doñana National Park. We evaluated frequency of ungulate visits to fruiting C. halimifolius individuals using camera traps. We then assessed seed occurrence and germination success via faecal analysis and germination experiments. Camera traps revealed that the red deer, Cervus elaphus, were the principal consumer of C. halimifolius fruits (85.7% of 333 ungulate visits). Although red deer frequently visited C. halimifolius, only 4.5% of faecal samples (n = 246) contained seeds, likely because red deer consumed immature fruits whose seeds were then fully digested and thus undetectable. Indeed, all seeds recovered within deer faeces were fully developed, mature seeds. 17% of the mature deer-ingested seeds (19 out of 114) germinated, a lower proportion than in control mature seeds (40%, n = 168). Mature seed passage through the deer digestive tract reduced Cistus seed germinability. Despite low germination rates, the highly mobile deer are potential long-distance seed dispersers of C. halimifolius, promoting population gene flow and the (re)colonization of vacant habitats. The interaction between C. halimifolius and red deer involves substantial costs, which likely changes spatio-temporally and also depend on densities of the interacting species. Future studies should quantify such changes and identify whether and how such pervasive interaction in Mediterranean ecosystems shifts along a mutualism-antagonism continuum.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the link between seed morphology and germination success: insights from European common wild oat (Avena fatua) populations.","authors":"M Oveisi, D Sikuljak, A A Anđelković, D Bozic, P Poczai, R Piri, S Vrbnicanin","doi":"10.1111/plb.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Germination cardinal temperatures, germination rate for 50% of seeds (GR₅₀), and seed traits are interrelated and allow prediction of germination behaviour based on seed characteristics. We examined the relationships between seed traits and germination cardinal temperatures in 122 Avena fatua populations from 16 European countries, analysing data from 22,000 seeds using image analysis. By germination testing across a temperature range of 5-35°C, the germination rate for 50% of seeds (GR₅₀), base temperature (T_b), optimal temperature (T_o), and ceiling temperature (T_c) were estimated using a Dent-like segmented model. A primary response screening analysis revealed that seed colour was the main determinant of GR₅₀. For T_b, seed colour and surface hairiness were influential factors, while T_o and T_c were affected by seed colour and the awn attachment point on the lemma. Predictions from artificial neural networks indicated that smaller seeds with shorter awns, wider awn angles relative to the seed axis, higher attachment points on the lemma, and lower surface hairiness are likely to have higher germination rates. Darker-coloured seeds had higher T_b values than lighter-coloured seeds. Seeds with awns attached higher on the lemma predominantly had higher T_b values. Black seeds, the most common colour, had a lower T_c than other colours. Considering geographic locations linked to germination cardinal temperatures, seeds from higher latitudes had lower T_b values, and seeds from lower longitudes were predicted to have lower T_c. This study demonstrated that specific seed morphological traits, such as seed mass, awn length and angle, hairiness, and awn attachment, consistently influence germination performance under varying environmental conditions. These associations suggest adaptive differentiation shaped by both climate pressures and geographic gradients.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenolic compounds in species of the Blechnaceae.","authors":"M Ufland, M Petersen","doi":"10.1111/plb.70116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rosmarinic acid and other caffeic and 4-coumaric acid derivatives are widespread in land plants. These phenolic compounds contribute to the medicinal uses of plants. Ferns (Polypodiopsida), however, are still under-investigated in terms of phenolic natural products and their biosyntheses. We analysed 32 fern species in the Blechnaceae, encompassing all three subfamilies, for content of caffeoyl-5-O-quinic acid, rosmarinic acid and related compounds using LC/ESI-MS/MS and HPLC. A compound previously unknown from ferns, but known in two species of Lamiaceae, was purified, its structure elucidated by NMR, and named blechnic acid B. While caffeoyl-5-O-quinic acid was present in extracts from all investigated species, rosmarinic acid was only found in four species (Doodia maxima, Lomariocycas tabularis, Neoblechnum brasiliense, Oceaniopteris ciliata) belonging to superclade B of the Blechnoideae subfamily. Blechnic acid B, a novel compound in ferns, is composed of two moieties of isorinic acid (caffeoyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactic acid). This lignan was only detected in Neoblechnum brasiliense, together with three related lignans having one or two 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid moieties. Our study suggests that genes for biosynthesis of caffeoyl-5-O-quinic acid were already established in ancestor species of the Blechnaceae. Blechnic acid B and its three derivatives might have formed through a selective coupling of the rosmarinic/isorinic acid monomers with the help of a dirigent protein.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Better reproductive success of an invasive thistle than its native relative under pollinator exclusion.","authors":"G LeFevre, D Estes, E Rehm","doi":"10.1111/plb.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive plants often can self-pollinate and have higher reproductive outputs than native counterparts. Pollinator declines may exacerbate disparities in reproductive output by negatively impacting native plants more than invasives. To determine how pollinator availability affects reproductive success of two species (one native, one invasive), we conducted a pollinator exclusion experiment for two functionally similar species: the invasive musk thistle Carduus nutans and native field thistle Cirsium discolour. We manipulated pollinator access to flowers by partially or completely excluding pollinators and evaluated how pollinator visitation rates and community composition influenced reproductive success. Both thistle species received pollinators from all seven functional groups that we considered, but pollinator community composition differed by thistle species and treatment. Sweat bees and butterflies were important drivers in community differences between the Ca. nutans and the Ci. discolour flower heads. Complete pollinator exclusion resulted in a higher probability of total reproductive failure; 55% of total pollinator exclusion flowers failed while <7% failed in other treatments. When flower heads produced at least one viable achene, any level of pollinator exclusion resulted in lower seed output, but germination success did not differ from the control. Overall, Ca. nutans had higher reproductive success per flower head than native Ci. discolour in control and partial pollinator exclusion due to higher seed output rather than higher germination rates. While pollinator loss will be detrimental to reproduction of both species, our study provides evidence that reproductive losses in invasive Ca. nutans will be lower than the native Ci. discolour.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasitic plants in Europe: ecological niches and spatial patterns.","authors":"N Fahs, I Axmanová, J-C Svenning, J Padullés Cubino, I Biurrun, S Boch, J A Campos, A Čarni, J Dengler, E Garbolino, T Heinken, K Knotková, J Těšitel","doi":"10.1111/plb.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasitic plants inhabit a wide range of ecosystems worldwide, where they may have critical roles as \"ecosystem engineers\". We examined the ecology of parasitic plants in Europe. We aimed to identify habitat preferences, spatial distribution, and environmental drivers of parasitic plant functional types: euphytoid hemiparasites, obligate root parasites, and parasitic vines, and assess individual species' ecological niches. We analysed 244 parasitic plant species in a dataset of 819,452 vegetation plots across European natural vegetation. We used a boosted regression tree model to assess the effects of macro-climate, topography, and habitat descriptors (open, wet, saline) on the distribution of parasitic plant functional types. We analysed their distribution along the gradients of ecological indicator values. Finally, we determined the niches of individual species along all the environmental gradients. Parasitic plants occur across Europe and in nearly all habitats. Euphytoid hemiparasites (173 species) are most abundant in colder environments with moderate to high precipitation and low precipitation seasonality. In contrast, obligate root parasites (52 species) and parasitic vines (12 species) are primarily associated with warm-temperate to Mediterranean dry climates. All three functional types prefer nutrient-poor to moderately rich conditions. Some species diverge from the trend of their functional type. The spatial distribution and niches of parasitic plant functional types correspond to their fundamental physiological properties, including mode of resource acquisition and level of photosynthesis. Euphytoid hemiparasites are likely to be negatively affected by climate warming, while obligate root parasites and parasitic vines might benefit from future warmer and drier climates.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological responses of Arabidopsis thaliana wild type and photoreceptor genotypes to narrowband UV radiation generated by LEDs.","authors":"N Cunningham, G Crestani, A P Morrison, M A K Jansen","doi":"10.1111/plb.70105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sensing and responding to light signals are critical factors for plant survival. Plants have photoreceptors which coordinate morphological responses through divergent yet overlapping signalling networks. This study aims to identify how Arabidopsis thaliana fine-tunes its architecture in response to different wavelengths of UV radiation. Using narrow wavelength UV-emitting LEDs, in combination with a set of photoreceptor genotypes, enabled investigation of photoreceptor-dependent effects on leaf morphology. Eight Arabidopsis genotypes, including wildtype Col-0, uvr8-6, cry1, cry2, cry1cry2, phot1, phot2 and phot1phot2, were exposed to ~45 μW cm^-2 narrowband UV, with emission peaks at 310, 325, 340 or 365 nm. (a) UV-B wavelengths have a strong inhibitory effect on petiole elongation, with modest effects on leaf blade width and area. (b) Inhibitory effects of narrowband UV-B on petiole elongation are mediated by UVR8. Phototropins and cryptochromes antagonise this effect, implying that these photoreceptors perceive and mediate responses to UV-B. (c) Short wavelength UV-A also induces dwarfing of petioles, but not leaf blades, and this is mediated by UVR8. Cryptochromes impede dwarfing under short wavelength UV-A. (d) Longer wavelength UV-A responses are mediated by both phototropins and cryptochromes, with opposing effects on petiole elongation. (e) Although no UVR8-mediated morphological effect was measured under longer UV-A wavelengths, UVR8 affects gene expression throughout the UV-A and UV-B spectral zones. UVR8, cryptochromes and phototropins are all active across all UV-B and UV-A wavelengths, controlling multiple interactive morphological and/or gene expression effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the drivers of seed dispersal distance in Brazilian savanna anemochoric species: The role of abiotic and biotic factors.","authors":"L R Novaes, E S Calixto, O de Almeida, H M Torezan-Silingardi","doi":"10.1111/plb.70108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seed dispersal is a critical ecological process shaping plant recruitment and community structure. In wind-dispersed (anemochoric) seeds, seed dispersal distance depends on both abiotic (e.g. wind) and biotic (e.g. plant and seed traits) factors. Drivers of seed dispersal distance in the Southern Hemisphere remain largely unknown, particularly in ecologically and climatically unique ecosystems, such as the Brazilian savanna, where anemochoric species comprise ~30% of the flora. We addressed three questions: (1) what are the main drivers of seed dispersal distance in anemochoric species of the Brazilian savanna; (2) how do wind and plant traits independently and interactively affect seed dispersal distance; and (3) are there trade-offs or trait syndromes among dispersal-related traits in Brazilian savanna species? We used field and wind tunnel experiments to assess the roles of wind speed and traits (plant height, seed mass, seed surface area, aerodynamic group) in shaping seed dispersal distance in six species. Seed dispersal distance was primarily driven by wind speed, with additional effects from seed mass, seed area, and aerodynamic group. Unlike other ecosystems, plant height had little influence, likely related to low-stature vegetation in this region. Variations within aerodynamic groups and interactions with wind speed, especially in high-wind conditions, highlight the complexity of dispersal dynamics. Combining field and wind tunnel data, we captured both natural variability and trait-specific responses across wind conditions. As climate change alters wind regimes and fragmentation intensifies, integrating trait-based, experimental and spatial data will be essential for predicting species persistence and informing conservation in this vulnerable ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}