Biotechnology and Bioprocessing最新文献

{"title":"Effect of different light on wheat (Triticum aestivum L) growth and role of phytochrome","authors":"K. Iqbal","doi":"10.31579/2766-2314/001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/001","url":null,"abstract":"Among the various naturally occurring abiotic factors regulating plant development, different types of light play an important role in them. Photosynthesis, photoperiodism, and photo morphogenesis. In this trial the effects of different colors of light on (seed) germination, phytochrome conversion, length of seedling, biomass production in wheat varieties Shalkot and Tandojam. The rate of germination data indicates white 96%, Red 100%, far-red 95%, Blue 95%, and dark 64%, in Shalkot. In Tandojam rate of germination 94% White, 93% red, 82% far red, 92% blue, and 50% dark, were observed. Root and shoot length were higher in Shalkot under white light. Difference between dry and fresh weight in Shalkot under white, red, far-red, blue, dark, 1.66g, 0.94g, 0.98g, 0.97g, 0.6g, respectively. In Tandojam difference between dry and fresh weight observed under white, red, far-red, blue, dark, 1.48g, 0.92g, 0.70g, 0.97g, 0.4g respectively. By using bioinformatics tools identified some light-harvesting genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum) by using model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The identified light-harvesting genes include cl02879, cl25816, cl33336, cl31857, cl28913.","PeriodicalId":220919,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioprocessing","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125246866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable, Proficient Fodder Influenced By Bio Diversity in Mineral Composition of Shrub Leaves of Quetta District","authors":"Anam Iqbal","doi":"10.31579/2766-2314/002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/002","url":null,"abstract":"The vegetation of Balochistan is of critical value to the quality of life for the local nomadic people. Many important dominant species used for animal grazing were selected to evaluate their value as fodder during 2016-2017. These plants including Amylgdalus brahuica Boiss, Prunus eburnea Aitch, Caragana ambigua Stocks, Sophora mollis Royle, Perovskia abrotanoides Karel, and Berberis baluchistanica Ahrendt, (as because Sophora mollis were not found in Zarghoon] were collected seasonally from Hazarganji, Karkhasa and Zarghoon area of Quetta district. These were analyzed for macro and micro elemental composition such as P, Ca, Na, K, S, Fe, Zn, Sr, Al and Mn by using atomic absorption, flame photometer and X-ray florescence spectrophotometer. The elemental concentrations were compared with standard feed table of Pakistan Agriculture Research Council. P. eburnea and B. baluchistanica showed good amount of nutrients in their foliage, these two plants were palatable and preferred by the small ruminants, while A. brahuica and C. ambigua showed medium amounts of minerals and fulfill the requirements of the animal as fodder. The animals did not prefer to eat P. abrotanoides may due to its strong smell while S. mollishad deposition of cutin and suberin on their leaves. It was observed that there was no significant difference (P > 0.05] in the concentration of different elements of the forage due to seasonal changes.","PeriodicalId":220919,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioprocessing","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115612791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Technology for COVID-19 Detection at Early Stage with Special Reference to Health Disparity and Socioeconomic Status","authors":"Prabir Mandal","doi":"10.31579/2766-2314/003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/003","url":null,"abstract":"A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was identified as the cause of an outbreak of viral pneumonia in Wuhan, China. The disease, later named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), subsequently spread globally. COVID- 19 is an aggressive disease with a low median survival rate. Ironically, the treatment process is long and very costly due to its high recurrence and mortality rates. Accurate early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of COVID-19 are essential to enhance the patient's survival rate. Mount Sinai researchers are the first in the country to use artificial intelligence (AI) combined with imaging, and clinical data to analyze patients with COVID-19. They have developed a unique algorithm that can rapidly detect COVID-19 based on how lung disease looks in computed tomography (CT scans) of the chest, in combination with patient information including symptoms, age, bloodwork, and possible contact with someone infected with the virus. AI has huge potential for analyzing large amounts of data quickly, an attribute that can have a big impact in a situation such as a pandemic. There is increasing evidence that some racial and ethnic minority groups are being disproportionately affected by COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":220919,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioprocessing","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125072018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Potential of Applying Machine Learning Tools to Metabolic Pathway Optimization","authors":"Wenfa Ng","doi":"10.20944/preprints202008.0543.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202008.0543.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Successful engineering of a microbial host for efficient production of a target product from a given substrate can be viewed as an extensive optimization task. Such a task involves the selection of high activity enzymes as well as their gene expression regulatory control elements (i.e., promoters and ribosome binding sites). Finally, there is also the need to tune expression of multiple genes along a heterologous pathway to relieve constraints from rate-limiting step and help reduce metabolic burden on cells from unnecessary over-expression of high activity enzymes. While the aforementioned tasks could be performed through combinatorial experiments, such an approach incurs significant cost, time and effort, which is a handicap that can be relieved by application of modern machine learning tools. Such tools could attempt to predict high activity enzymes from sequence, but they are currently most usefully applied in classifying strong promoters from weaker ones as well as combinatorial tuning of expression of multiple genes. This perspective reviews the application of machine learning tools to aid metabolic pathway optimization through identifying challenges in metabolic engineering that could be overcome with the help of machine learning tools.","PeriodicalId":220919,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioprocessing","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114319356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Cell Density Cultivation of Escherichia coli DH5α in Shake Flasks with a New Formulated Medium","authors":"Wenfa Ng","doi":"10.7287/PEERJ.PREPRINTS.26598V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7287/PEERJ.PREPRINTS.26598V1","url":null,"abstract":"High cell density cultivation necessitates cell division and biomass formation, the mechanisms of which remain poorly understood, especially from the cellular energetics perspective. Specifically, the sensing of energy abundance and the channelling of nutritional energy into biomass formation and cell maintenance remains enigmatic at the sensory, effector and decision levels. Thus, optimization of cell growth remains an iterative trial and error process where the principal parameters are growth medium composition and incubation temperature. In this study, a new semidefined formulated medium was shown to be useful for high cell density cultivation of Escherichia coli DH5α (ATCC 53868). Comprising K2HPO4, 12.54; KH2PO4, 2.31; D-Glucose, 4.0; NH4Cl, 1.0; Yeast extract, 12.0; NaCl, 5.0; MgSO4, 0.24; the medium possessed a high capacity phosphate buffer able to moderate pH fluctuations during cell growth known to be detrimental to biomass formation. With glucose and NH4Cl providing the nutrients for initial growth, followed by a lag phase of 3 hours, a maximal optical density of 12.0 was obtained after 27 hours of cultivation at 37 oC and 230 rpm. Yeast extract provides a secondary source of carbon and nitrogen. Maximal optical density obtained in formulated medium was higher than the 10.1, 4.2, and 3.4 obtained in Tryptic Soy Broth, M9 with 1 g/L of yeast extract, and LB Lennox, respectively. Cultivation of E. coli DH5α in formulated medium with 6 g/L of glucose resulted in a longer lag phase of 8 hours and a longer time (68 hours) to attainment of maximal optical density, which marked the upper limit of glucose concentration beyond which biomass formation would be reduced. Specifically, glucose concentration above 6 g/L markedly reduced biomass formation possibly due to the environmental stress arising from low pH in the culture broth. Glucose concentration below 4 g/L, on the other hand, reduced biomass formation through a smaller pool of nutrients serving as biomass building blocks. Deviation from 1:1 molar ratio between glucose and NH4Cl was not detrimental to biomass formation and growth rates. Collectively, a semi-defined formulated medium could increase optical density of E. coli DH5α beyond that of LB Lennox and Tryptic Soy Broth, and may find use in cultivation of cells for applied microbiology research.","PeriodicalId":220919,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioprocessing","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126905082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Boon in Therapeutics","authors":"PD Gupta","doi":"10.31579/2766-2314/032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/032","url":null,"abstract":"Stem cell therapy gained momentum for the past three decades in therapeutics. Alternative strategies are indispensable for the treatment of many diseases in the present scenario due to side effects of synthetic chemicals as drugs. Mesenchymal cells of different origin have been in use with good results, though ethical issues and limited availability is a drawback. Novel menstrual blood mesenchymal stems cells prove to be a wealth out of waste is a boon in therapeutics. In this review we bring a bird’s eye view of different diseases treated with menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cells with positive results. Evolution in the use of these cells more and more will be a big relief to many who suffer with side effects of drugs.","PeriodicalId":220919,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioprocessing","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121754474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Test for Triazine Efficacy Eradication of Pathogenic Bacteria, Ranyah, KSA","authors":"S. Sabra","doi":"10.31579/2766-2314/023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/023","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives were to use triazine chemico-pharmaco complexes to test their efficacy eradication of pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcous aureus (Staph. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Average eradication of Staph. aureus was obvious in samples 4 and 5, followed by 2 and then 1 and 3. The ratio were duple from the preceding one. While for E. coli included the fifth sample, then fourth, then first, second and third. It was quick, but not duplication, to reach complete eradication. Average turbidity degree of Staph. aureus presented in the fourth and fifth samples at 10 hr, then the second sample at 12 hr and the rest at 14 hr. From the average turbidity degree, it turned out that the turbidity gradually disappeared and moved from one degree to another after two hours, while at 12 hr and 14 hr it was in the same class and reached the absence of turbidity degree at 14 hr. So long, for E. coli was disappeared in the fifth sample at 10 hr, followed by the fourth sample at 12 hr and the rest at 4 hr. From the average turbidity degree, it was gradually disappeared. The present study concluded that from test results showed newly prepared of triazine chemico-pharmaco complexes displayed a good antibacterial activity by efficacy eradication of pathogenic bacteria. While also showed triazine chemico-pharmaco complexes may be a talented pattern for antibacterial activities. This research also recommended triazine chemico-pharmaco complexes may use as substitution of antibiotics against antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria.","PeriodicalId":220919,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioprocessing","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134564804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there enough room for non-invasive ventilation in pulmonary rehabilitation?","authors":"Laura Ciobanu","doi":"10.31579/2766-2314/007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/007","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a non-pharmacological intervention addressed to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and non-COPD chronic respiratory patients, a key management strategy scientifically demonstrated to improve exercise capacity, dyspnoea, health status and psychological wellbeing. The main body of literature comes from COPD patients, as they provide the core evidence for PR programmes. PR is recommended even to severe patients having chronic respiratory failure; their significant psychological impairment and potential for greater instability during the PR programme will be carefully considered by the multidisciplinary team. Optimizing medical management (e g, inhaled bronchodilators, oxygen therapy, non- invasive ventilation) may enhance the results of exercise training. Patients who already receive long-term domiciliary non- invasive ventilation (NIV) for chronic respiratory failure might exercise with NIV during exercise training if acceptable and tolerable to the patient. It is not advisable to offer long-term domiciliary NIV with the only aim to improve outcomes during PR course. There are different attempts to use both negative and positive NIV in limited clinical studies. Long-term adherence to exercise is an important goal of PR programmes and teams, targeting to translate all-domain gains of PR into increased physical activity and participation to real life. Being a reliable alternative for the future, studies should focus on pressure regimens, type of devices, acceptability and portability for everyday activities.","PeriodicalId":220919,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioprocessing","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116212277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning for classification of sleep EEG data during the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease","authors":"Bin Zhao","doi":"10.31579/2766-2314/010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/010","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep is an important part of the body's recuperation and energy accumulation, and the quality of sleep also has a significant impact on people's physical and mental state during the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease. It has attracted increasing attention how to improve the quality of sleep and reduce the impact of sleep related diseases on health. The electroencephalogram (EEG) signals collected during sleep belong to spontaneous EEG signals. Spontaneous sleep EEG signals can reflect the body own changes, which is also an important basis for diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. Therefore, the establishment of an effective model for classifying sleep EEG signals is an important auxiliary tool for evaluating sleep.","PeriodicalId":220919,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology and Bioprocessing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129273813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}