Sociological Science最新文献_第8页

Better in the Shadows? Public Attention, Media Coverage, and Market Reactions to Female CEO Announcements 在阴影中更好？公众关注、媒体报道和市场对女性CEO公告的反应

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-05-17 DOI: 10.15195/V8.A7

E. B. Smith, Jillian Chown, Kevin Gaughan

{"title":"Better in the Shadows? Public Attention, Media Coverage, and Market Reactions to Female CEO Announcements","authors":"E. B. Smith, Jillian Chown, Kevin Gaughan","doi":"10.15195/V8.A7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/V8.A7","url":null,"abstract":"Combining media coverage data from approximately 17,000 unique media outlets with the full population of CEO appointments for U.S. publicly traded firms between 2000 and 2016, we investigate whether female CEO appointments garner more public attention compared with male appointments, and if so, whether this increased attention can help make sense of the previously reported negative market reaction to these events. Contrary to prior reports, our data do not indicate that the appointments of female CEOs elicit overly negative market reactions, on average. Our results do highlight an important moderating role of public attention, however. We demonstrate that greater attention—even when exogenously determined—contributes to negative market reactions for female CEO appointments but positive market reactions for male CEOs, all else held constant. Additionally, female CEO appointments that attract little attention garner significant positive responses in the market, compared with both male CEOs drawing similarly limited levels of attention and female CEOs drawing high levels of attention. Our results help to reconcile contrasting empirical findings on the effects of gender in executive leadership and parallel recent work on anticipatory bias and second-order discrimination in alternative empirical contexts. Implications for research on attention, gender bias, and executive succession are discussed.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"119-149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47349630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Who Thinks How? Social Patterns in Reliance on Automatic and Deliberate Cognition 谁怎么想?依赖于自动认知和刻意认知的社会模式

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.15195/V8.A6

G. Brett, Andrew Miles

{"title":"Who Thinks How? Social Patterns in Reliance on Automatic and Deliberate Cognition","authors":"G. Brett, Andrew Miles","doi":"10.15195/V8.A6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/V8.A6","url":null,"abstract":"Sociologists increasingly use insights from dual-process models to explain how people think and act. These discussions generally emphasize the influence of cultural knowledge mobilized through automatic cognition, or else show how the use of automatic and deliberate processes vary according to the task at hand or the context. Drawing on insights from sociological theory and suggestive research from social and cognitive psychology, we argue that socially structured experiences also shape general, individual-level preferences (or propensities) for automatic and deliberate thinking. Using a meta-analysis of 63 psychological studies (N=25,074) and a new multivariate analysis of nationally representative data, we test the hypothesis that the use automatic and deliberate cognitive processes is socially patterned. We find that education consistently predicts preferences for deliberate processing and that gender predicts preferences for both automatic and deliberate processing. We find that age is a significant but likely non-linear predictor of preferences for automatic and deliberate cognition, and weaker evidence for differences by income, marital status, and religion. These results underscore the need to consider group differences in cognitive processing in sociological explanations of culture, action, and inequality.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44721760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Neighborhood Isolation During the COVID-19 Pandemic 新冠肺炎大流行期间的社区隔离

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-02-26 DOI: 10.15195/v8.a9

T. Marlow, K. Makovi, B. Abrahao

{"title":"Neighborhood Isolation During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"T. Marlow, K. Makovi, B. Abrahao","doi":"10.15195/v8.a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/v8.a9","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted Americans’ daily lives by changing how and when they move. These changes could alter inequalities in mobility and therefore contribute to many forms of social stratification. Relying on SafeGraph cellphone movement data in 2019-2020 we focus on the 25 largest cities in the U.S. and measure inequality in mobility between census tracts by using two indexes proposed by Phillips and colleagues (2019). These measures capture the importance of hubs in a mobility network (Concentrated Mobility Index) and neighborhood isolation (Equitable Mobility Index). We find that the pandemic affected mobility inequality in all 25 cities. In the earliest phases of the pandemic, neighborhood isolation rapidly increased, and the importance of downtown central business districts declined. Mobility hubs generally regained their importance, whereas neighborhood isolation remained elevated started and to increased again during the latter half of 2020. Furthermore, we estimate linear regression models with city and week fixed effects predicting changes in neighborhood isolation relative to 2019 baseline. We find that larger numbers of new COVID-19 cases are positively and statistically significantly associated with changes in neighborhood isolation a week later. Additionally, we find that places with larger populations, more public transportation use, and greater racial and ethnic segregation all had larger increases in neighborhood isolation during 2020. Our results indicate that few cities returned to “normal” mobility patterns and that cities may remain more unequal than before the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46871646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Using Sequence Analysis to Quantify How Strongly Life Courses Are Linked 使用序列分析来量化生命历程之间的联系

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-01-19 DOI: 10.15195/V8.A3

T. Liao

{"title":"Using Sequence Analysis to Quantify How Strongly Life Courses Are Linked","authors":"T. Liao","doi":"10.15195/V8.A3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/V8.A3","url":null,"abstract":"Dyadic or, more generally, polyadic life course sequences can be more associated within dyads or polyads than between randomly assigned dyadic/polyadic member sequences, a phenomenon reflecting the life course principle of linked lives. In this article, I propose a method of U and V measures for quantifying and assessing linked life course trajectories in sequence data. Specifically, I compare the sequence distance between members of an observed dyad/polyad against a set of randomly generated dyads/polyads. TheU measure quantifies how much greater, in terms of a given distance measure, the members in a dyad/polyad resemble one another than do members of randomly generated dyads/polyads, and the V measure quantifies the degree of linked lives in terms of how much observed dyads/polyads outperform randomized dyads/polyads. I present a simulation study, an empirical study analyzing dyadic family formation sequence data from the Longitudinal Study of Generations, and a random seed sensitivity analysis in the online supplement. Through these analyses, I demonstrate the versatility and usefulness of the proposed method for quantifying linked lives analysis with sequence data. The method has broad applicability to sequence data in life course, business and organizational, and social network research.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"48-72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48898371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Which Data Fairly Differentiate? American Views on the Use of Personal Data in Two Market Settings 哪些数据可以公平区分？美国人对在两种市场环境下使用个人数据的看法

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-01-13 DOI: 10.15195/v8.a2

Barbara Kiviat

引用次数: 7

How to Sell a Friend: Disinterest as Relational Work in Direct Sales 如何推销朋友:不感兴趣作为直销的关系工作

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-01-06 DOI: 10.15195/v8.a1

C. Child

引用次数: 3

Still a Small World? University Course Enrollment Networks before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic 世界还是那么小?COVID-19大流行之前和期间的大学课程注册网络

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-01-03 DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/r3fht

Kim A. Weeden, B. Cornwell, Barum Park

引用次数: 3

Filial Intelligence and Family Social Class, 1947 to 2012 子女智力与家庭社会阶层，1947 - 2012

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v8.a16

Lindsay Paterson

引用次数: 2

The Link between Social and Structural Integration: Co- and Interethnic Friendship Selection and Social Influence within Adolescent Social Networks 社会整合与结构整合之间的联系:青少年社会网络中的同族、异族友谊选择与社会影响

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v8.a19

Georg Lorenz, Zerrin Salikutluk, Zsófia Boda, Malte Jansen, M. Hewstone

{"title":"The Link between Social and Structural Integration: Co- and Interethnic Friendship Selection and Social Influence within Adolescent Social Networks","authors":"Georg Lorenz, Zerrin Salikutluk, Zsófia Boda, Malte Jansen, M. Hewstone","doi":"10.15195/v8.a19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/v8.a19","url":null,"abstract":"Assimilation theories argue that social ties with majority-group members enhance the structural integration of ethnic minority members, whereas under certain conditions, coethnic social ties can also benefit minority members’ socioeconomic outcomes. We examine these propositions through a social network perspective, focusing on friendship networks and educational expectations in adolescence, during which peer socialization is crucial. Longitudinal data from 1,992 adolescents in 91 classrooms allow us to investigate coand interethnic social selection and social influence processes as well as their aggregated outcomes. In terms of friendship selection, we find that Turkishorigin minority adolescents in Germany have distinct preferences for friends with high educational expectations, among both coand interethnic peers. In contrast, social influence on Turkish-minority adolescents’ educational expectations is not uniform: only majority-group friends exert a significant (positive) influence. Our results emphasize that bridging social capital gained from social ties with majority-group members enhances ethnic minority adolescents’ educational integration.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66865103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Collaborative Practices in Crisis Science: Interdisciplinary Research Challenges and the Syrian War 危机科学中的协作实践:跨学科研究挑战和叙利亚战争

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v8.a22

F. Greenland, Michelle D. Fabiani

引用次数: 2