Sociological Science最新文献_第8页

Education and Social Fluidity: A Reweighting Approach 教育和社会流动性:一种重新加权的方法

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v9.a2

Kristian Karlson

{"title":"Education and Social Fluidity: A Reweighting Approach","authors":"Kristian Karlson","doi":"10.15195/v9.a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/v9.a2","url":null,"abstract":"Although sociologists have devoted considerable attention to studying the role of education in intergenerational social class mobility using log-linear models for contingency tables, findings in this literature are not free from rescaling or non-collapsibility bias caused by adjusting for education in these models. Drawing on the methodological literature on inverse probability reweighting, I present a straightforward standardization approach free from this bias. The approach reweighs in an initial step the mobility table cell frequencies to create a pseudo-population in which social class origins and education are independent of each other, after which one can apply any loglinear model to the reweighted mobility table. In contrast to the Karlson-Holm-Breen method, the approach yields coefficients that are comparable across different studies because they are unaffected by education’s predictive power of class destinations. Moreover, the approach is easily applied to models for various types of mobility patterns such as those in the core model of fluidity; it yields a single summary measure of overall mediation; and it can incorporate several mediating variables, allowing researchers to control for additional merit proxies such as cognitive skills or potential confounders such as age. I illustrate the utility of the approach in four empirical examples.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66865548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prejudice, Bigotry, and Support for Compensatory Interventions to Address Black–White Inequalities: Evidence from the General Social Survey, 2006 to 2020 偏见、偏执和对解决黑人-白人不平等的补偿性干预的支持:来自综合社会调查的证据，2006 - 2020

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v9.a1

S. Morgan

引用次数: 5

Schedule Unpredictability and High-Cost Debt: The Case of Service Workers 时间表不可预测性和高成本债务:服务业工人的案例

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15195/v9.a5

Mariana Amorim, Daniel Schneider

引用次数: 3

Direct and Indirect Effects of Grandparent Education on Grandchildren’s Cognitive Development: The Role of Parental Cognitive Ability 祖父母教育对孙辈认知发展的直接与间接影响:父母认知能力的作用

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.15195/v8.a13

Markus Klein, Michael Kühhirt

引用次数: 0

Abductive Logic of Inquiry for Quantitative Research in the Digital Age 数字时代定量研究的推理逻辑

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-06-17 DOI: 10.15195/V8.A10

Philipp Brandt, S. Timmermans

引用次数: 19

Racial Differences in Women’s Role-Taking Accuracy: How Status Matters 女性角色扮演准确性的种族差异:地位如何影响

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-06-07 DOI: 10.15195/V8.A8

Tony P. Love, Jenny L. Davis

引用次数: 6

Better in the Shadows? Public Attention, Media Coverage, and Market Reactions to Female CEO Announcements 在阴影中更好？公众关注、媒体报道和市场对女性CEO公告的反应

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-05-17 DOI: 10.15195/V8.A7

E. B. Smith, Jillian Chown, Kevin Gaughan

{"title":"Better in the Shadows? Public Attention, Media Coverage, and Market Reactions to Female CEO Announcements","authors":"E. B. Smith, Jillian Chown, Kevin Gaughan","doi":"10.15195/V8.A7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/V8.A7","url":null,"abstract":"Combining media coverage data from approximately 17,000 unique media outlets with the full population of CEO appointments for U.S. publicly traded firms between 2000 and 2016, we investigate whether female CEO appointments garner more public attention compared with male appointments, and if so, whether this increased attention can help make sense of the previously reported negative market reaction to these events. Contrary to prior reports, our data do not indicate that the appointments of female CEOs elicit overly negative market reactions, on average. Our results do highlight an important moderating role of public attention, however. We demonstrate that greater attention—even when exogenously determined—contributes to negative market reactions for female CEO appointments but positive market reactions for male CEOs, all else held constant. Additionally, female CEO appointments that attract little attention garner significant positive responses in the market, compared with both male CEOs drawing similarly limited levels of attention and female CEOs drawing high levels of attention. Our results help to reconcile contrasting empirical findings on the effects of gender in executive leadership and parallel recent work on anticipatory bias and second-order discrimination in alternative empirical contexts. Implications for research on attention, gender bias, and executive succession are discussed.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"119-149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47349630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Who Thinks How? Social Patterns in Reliance on Automatic and Deliberate Cognition 谁怎么想?依赖于自动认知和刻意认知的社会模式

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.15195/V8.A6

G. Brett, Andrew Miles

{"title":"Who Thinks How? Social Patterns in Reliance on Automatic and Deliberate Cognition","authors":"G. Brett, Andrew Miles","doi":"10.15195/V8.A6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/V8.A6","url":null,"abstract":"Sociologists increasingly use insights from dual-process models to explain how people think and act. These discussions generally emphasize the influence of cultural knowledge mobilized through automatic cognition, or else show how the use of automatic and deliberate processes vary according to the task at hand or the context. Drawing on insights from sociological theory and suggestive research from social and cognitive psychology, we argue that socially structured experiences also shape general, individual-level preferences (or propensities) for automatic and deliberate thinking. Using a meta-analysis of 63 psychological studies (N=25,074) and a new multivariate analysis of nationally representative data, we test the hypothesis that the use automatic and deliberate cognitive processes is socially patterned. We find that education consistently predicts preferences for deliberate processing and that gender predicts preferences for both automatic and deliberate processing. We find that age is a significant but likely non-linear predictor of preferences for automatic and deliberate cognition, and weaker evidence for differences by income, marital status, and religion. These results underscore the need to consider group differences in cognitive processing in sociological explanations of culture, action, and inequality.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44721760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Neighborhood Isolation During the COVID-19 Pandemic 新冠肺炎大流行期间的社区隔离

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-02-26 DOI: 10.15195/v8.a9

T. Marlow, K. Makovi, B. Abrahao

{"title":"Neighborhood Isolation During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"T. Marlow, K. Makovi, B. Abrahao","doi":"10.15195/v8.a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/v8.a9","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted Americans’ daily lives by changing how and when they move. These changes could alter inequalities in mobility and therefore contribute to many forms of social stratification. Relying on SafeGraph cellphone movement data in 2019-2020 we focus on the 25 largest cities in the U.S. and measure inequality in mobility between census tracts by using two indexes proposed by Phillips and colleagues (2019). These measures capture the importance of hubs in a mobility network (Concentrated Mobility Index) and neighborhood isolation (Equitable Mobility Index). We find that the pandemic affected mobility inequality in all 25 cities. In the earliest phases of the pandemic, neighborhood isolation rapidly increased, and the importance of downtown central business districts declined. Mobility hubs generally regained their importance, whereas neighborhood isolation remained elevated started and to increased again during the latter half of 2020. Furthermore, we estimate linear regression models with city and week fixed effects predicting changes in neighborhood isolation relative to 2019 baseline. We find that larger numbers of new COVID-19 cases are positively and statistically significantly associated with changes in neighborhood isolation a week later. Additionally, we find that places with larger populations, more public transportation use, and greater racial and ethnic segregation all had larger increases in neighborhood isolation during 2020. Our results indicate that few cities returned to “normal” mobility patterns and that cities may remain more unequal than before the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46871646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Using Sequence Analysis to Quantify How Strongly Life Courses Are Linked 使用序列分析来量化生命历程之间的联系

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Sociological Science Pub Date : 2021-01-19 DOI: 10.15195/V8.A3

T. Liao

{"title":"Using Sequence Analysis to Quantify How Strongly Life Courses Are Linked","authors":"T. Liao","doi":"10.15195/V8.A3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15195/V8.A3","url":null,"abstract":"Dyadic or, more generally, polyadic life course sequences can be more associated within dyads or polyads than between randomly assigned dyadic/polyadic member sequences, a phenomenon reflecting the life course principle of linked lives. In this article, I propose a method of U and V measures for quantifying and assessing linked life course trajectories in sequence data. Specifically, I compare the sequence distance between members of an observed dyad/polyad against a set of randomly generated dyads/polyads. TheU measure quantifies how much greater, in terms of a given distance measure, the members in a dyad/polyad resemble one another than do members of randomly generated dyads/polyads, and the V measure quantifies the degree of linked lives in terms of how much observed dyads/polyads outperform randomized dyads/polyads. I present a simulation study, an empirical study analyzing dyadic family formation sequence data from the Longitudinal Study of Generations, and a random seed sensitivity analysis in the online supplement. Through these analyses, I demonstrate the versatility and usefulness of the proposed method for quantifying linked lives analysis with sequence data. The method has broad applicability to sequence data in life course, business and organizational, and social network research.","PeriodicalId":22029,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"48-72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48898371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2