{"title":"Accuracy vs. Speed: Scalable Entity Coreference on the Semantic Web with On-the-Fly Pruning","authors":"Dezhao Song, J. Heflin","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.24","url":null,"abstract":"One challenge for the Semantic Web is to scalably establish high quality owl: same As links between co referent ontology instances in different data sources, traditional approaches that exhaustively compare every pair of instances do not scale well to large datasets. In this paper, we propose a pruning-based algorithm for reducing the complexity of entity co reference. First, we discard candidate pairs of instances that are not sufficiently similar to the same pool of other instances. A sigmoid function based thresholding method is proposed to automatically adjust the threshold for such commonality on-the-fly. In our prior work, each instance is associated with a context graph consisting of neighboring RDF nodes. In this paper, we speed up the comparison for a single pair of instances by pruning insignificant context in the graph, this is accomplished by evaluating its potential contribution to the final similarity measure. We evaluate our system on three Semantic Web instance categories. We verify the effectiveness of our thresholding and context pruning methods by comparing to nine state-of-the-art systems. We show that our algorithm frequently outperforms those systems with a runtime speedup factor of 18 to 24 while maintaining competitive F1-scores. For datasets of up to 1 million instances, this translates to as much as 370 hours improvement in runtime.","PeriodicalId":220218,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129798464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Bunch, J. Bradshaw, T. Eskridge, P. Feltovich, J. Lott, Andrzej Uszok, Marco M. Carvalho
{"title":"Policy-Based Governance within Luna: Why We Developed Yet Another Agent Framework","authors":"L. Bunch, J. Bradshaw, T. Eskridge, P. Feltovich, J. Lott, Andrzej Uszok, Marco M. Carvalho","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.272","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we explain our rationale for the development of Luna, a software agent framework. In particular, we focus on how we use capabilities for comprehensive policy-based governance to ensure that key requirements for security, declarative specification of taskwork, and built-in support for joint activity within mixed teams of humans and agents are satisfied. KAoS, IHMC's ontology-based policy services framework, enables the semantically-rich and extensible semantics and the operational power and flexibility needed to realize these capabilities within Luna. We show how Luna is specifically designed to allow developers and users to leverage different forms of policybased governance in an endless variety of ways.","PeriodicalId":220218,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130610304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving Crowdsourcing Efficiency Based on Division Strategy","authors":"Huan Jiang, S. Matsubara","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.86","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the efficiency in crowd sourcing, especially crowd sourcing for the software bug detection. Crowd sourcing has recently emerged as a lucrative paradigm for leveraging the collective intelligence of crowds. However, it has inherent weakness that a simple reward setting causes an uneven distribution of workers on each task, which reduces the efficiency of solving the tasks. A challenge is that the system designer is not allowed to set the reward to the arbitrary value because so-called \"market wages\" exist and if the reward is set to the value lower than the market wage, such a task fails to attract the sufficient number of workers. To solve this problem, we focus on the division strategy that divides the crowds into different groups and the workers compete with each other among the same group. We have developed a model that crowds write their codes independently and then try to find bugs in the codes written by the others. Next, we examine two division strategy, random grouping and ability grouping by analyzing the equilibrium behavior of each worker and carrying out simulations. The results show that the division strategy affect the efficiency of crowd sourcing bug detection and the random grouping leads to a higher efficiency compared to the ability grouping.","PeriodicalId":220218,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124517311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abstraction in Model Based Partially Observable Reinforcement Learning Using Extended Sequence Trees","authors":"Erkin Çilden, Faruk Polat","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.161","url":null,"abstract":"Extended sequence tree is a direct method for automatic generation of useful abstractions in reinforcement learning, designed for problems that can be modelled as Markov decision process. This paper proposes a method to expand the extended sequence tree method over reinforcement learning to cover partial observability formalized via partially observable Markov decision process through belief state formalism. This expansion requires a reasonable approximation of information state. Inspired by statistical ranking, a simple but effective discretization schema over belief state space is defined. Extended sequence tree method is modified to make use of this schema under partial observability, and effectiveness of resulting algorithm is shown by experiments on some benchmark problems.","PeriodicalId":220218,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"58 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127729420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hogenboom, Ewout Niewenhuijse, Frederik Hogenboom, F. Frasincar
{"title":"RCQ-ACS: RDF Chain Query Optimization Using an Ant Colony System","authors":"A. Hogenboom, Ewout Niewenhuijse, Frederik Hogenboom, F. Frasincar","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.63","url":null,"abstract":"In order to effectively and efficiently disclose the ever-growing amount of widely distributed RDF data to demanding users in real-time environments, RDF query engines need to optimize the join order of partial query results. For this, a two-phase optimization (2PO) algorithm and a genetic algorithm (GA) have already been proposed. We propose an alternative approach - an ant colony system (ACS). On a large RDF data source, our approach significantly outperforms both 2PO and the GA in terms of execution time and solution quality for RDF chain queries consisting of up to about ten joins. For larger queries, our novel ACS delivers solutions of better quality than 2PO does, while realizing a solution quality that is comparable to the solution quality of the GA method. However, the GA approach offers the best trade-off between execution time and solution quality for such larger queries.","PeriodicalId":220218,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126403375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Tscherrig, F. Carrino, M. Sokhn, E. Mugellini, Omar Abou Khaled
{"title":"Ontology Based Scope Visualisation","authors":"J. Tscherrig, F. Carrino, M. Sokhn, E. Mugellini, Omar Abou Khaled","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.120","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an original solution to visualize semantic information contained into an ontology. It is important to be able to record a large amount of data. On another hand, it is useful to be able to find a specific data among all the data recorded. The more data we have the higher is the difficulty to visualize them. The solution that is presented here below is based on a particular visualization of content based on filter. A Knowledge Management System provides the storage part. The storage is based on an ontology specifically designed for travels. The ontology provides a data structure with the creation of concepts. This structure allows at the same time the sorting of data and a clear visualization. The visualization is dynamic, it depends on the ontology relationship established.","PeriodicalId":220218,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125734661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Behavior Abstraction Robustness in Agent Modeling","authors":"Robert Junges, Franziska Klügl-Frohnmeyer","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.157","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the \"generative\" nature of the macro phenomena, agent-based systems require experience from the modeler to determine the proper low-level agent behavior. Adaptive and learning agents can facilitate this task: Partial or preliminary learnt versions of the behavior can serve as inspiration for the human modeler. Using a simulation process we develop agents that explore sensors and actuators inside a given environment. The exploration is guided by the attribution of rewards to their actions, expressed in an objective function. These rewards are used to develop a situation-action mapping, later abstracted to a human-readable format. In this contribution we test the robustness of a decision-tree-representation of the agent's decision-making process with regards to changes in the objective function. The importance of this study lies on understanding how sensitive the definition of the objective function is to the final abstraction of the model, not merely to a performance evaluation.","PeriodicalId":220218,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125998994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Database Keyword Search: A Perspective from Optimization","authors":"Rajvardhan Patil, Zhengxin Chen, Yong Shi","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.188","url":null,"abstract":"Optimization-related techniques are playing ever increasing role for Web intelligence. Yet optimization may mean different things to different people. In this paper, starting with a general discussion on the many facets of optimization in information technology (IT), we focus our examination on the recent development in database keyword search, from an optimization-oriented perspective. We first present a review and analysis on related literature, pointing out the need for incorporating contextual information in database keyword queries to achieve better performance. We then present our recently proposed approach, where keyword search is extended to simple English queries to better capture user intension. We conclude this paper by providing a discussion on the importance of database keyword search optimization for data mining and Web intelligence.","PeriodicalId":220218,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"88 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115790587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generalized Partition Mechanism: Framework for Combining Multiple Strategy-Proof Mechanisms","authors":"Y. Sakurai, M. Yokoo","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.256","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a framework for combining multiple strategy-proof resource allocation mechanisms, in which participants are divided into several groups (partitions) and each mechanism is applied to one partition. The idea of dividing participants into several groups is introduced to achieve budget balance in a redistribution mechanism, i.e., the payment (money) collected in one partition is distributed in another partition. Furthermore, this idea has been used to adjust parameters of a mechanism (e.g., the reservation price in an auction) based on the information of participants in one partition in order to improve the mechanism's efficiency or revenue. This paper presents a unified framework called a generalized partition mechanism, in which information, money, and unsold goods can be transferred among partitions. This framework is very general and thus can be applied to various settings, including cases where a redistribution mechanism must adjust parameters to obtain a better social surplus. We provide a sufficient condition on the flow of information, money, and goods among partitions so that the generalized partition mechanism is strategy-proof, assuming that each mechanism applied to the partition is strategy-proof. We can use this sufficient condition as a guideline for combining multiple mechanisms. To show the applicability of this guideline, we develop new redistribution mechanisms based on this guideline, in which the utility of a participant can be non-quasi-linear.","PeriodicalId":220218,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132129930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proactive Control Method Based on System Margin in Evolutional Agent System","authors":"Akiko Takahashi, Mitsuru Abe, Wenpeng Wei, Tetsuo Kinoshita","doi":"10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WI-IAT.2012.201","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a new method for controlling multiagent systems proactively considering the gcontrol possibilityh and gcontrol effecth for reducing the decrement of QoS to the absolute minimum while providing service in a service-provisioning system based on multiagent system. Moreover, we implement a multimedia communication system based on the proposed method to evaluate its effectiveness. Results from comparison with a conventional multimedia communication system show that the system can provide adequate multimedia communication services.","PeriodicalId":220218,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134154374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}