L. Pierre, L. Ferro, Zeineb Bel Hadj Amor, Philippe Bourgon, J. Quévremont
{"title":"Integrating PSL properties into SystemC transactional modeling — Application to the verification of a modem SoC","authors":"L. Pierre, L. Ferro, Zeineb Bel Hadj Amor, Philippe Bourgon, J. Quévremont","doi":"10.1109/SIES.2012.6356588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIES.2012.6356588","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the assertion-based verification (ABV) of hardware/software embedded systems, described at the Electronic System Level. We first summarize the features of a tool that enables the automatic instrumentation of SystemC TLM platforms with property checkers produced from PSL assertions and the runtime verification of these requirements. We also present its last improvements. Then we describe a return of experience using as case study a SoC modem for digital radio reception developed by Thales Communications & Security. Various temporal properties that capture the intended requirements, regarding hardware or hardware/software interactions, are formalized in PSL and checked during simulation.","PeriodicalId":219258,"journal":{"name":"7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133441631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Certification-cognizant scheduling of tasks with pessimistic frequency specification","authors":"Sanjoy Baruah","doi":"10.1109/SIES.2012.6356567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIES.2012.6356567","url":null,"abstract":"In modern embedded platforms, safety-critical functionalities that must be certified correct to very high levels of assurance may co-exist with less critical software that are not subject to certification requirements. Upon such platforms one seeks to satisfy two, sometimes contradictory, goals: (i) being able to certify the safety-critical functionalities under very conservative assumptions, and (ii) ensuring high utilization of platform resources even when actual run-time behavior does not live up to such pessimistic expectations. This paper describes efforts at designing scheduling algorithms that balance these two requirements, when scheduling recurrent tasks that are triggered by external events of unknown exact frequency.","PeriodicalId":219258,"journal":{"name":"7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130768550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Jeannerod, Jingyan Jourdan-Lu, Christophe Monat
{"title":"Non-generic floating-point software support for embedded media processing","authors":"C. Jeannerod, Jingyan Jourdan-Lu, Christophe Monat","doi":"10.1109/SIES.2012.6356597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIES.2012.6356597","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents some work in progress on the design and implementation of efficient floating-point software support for embedded integer processors. We provide quantitative evidence of the benefits of supporting various non-generic (that is, fused, specialized, or paired) operations in addition to the five basic arithmetic operations: for individual calls, speedups range from 1.12 to 4.86, while on DSP kernels and benchmarks, our approach allows us to be up to 1.59x faster.","PeriodicalId":219258,"journal":{"name":"7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127941342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Embedded systems: Many cores — Many problems","authors":"R. Wilhelm, J. Reineke","doi":"10.1109/SIES.2012.6356583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIES.2012.6356583","url":null,"abstract":"The embedded-systems industry is about to make a transition to multi-core platforms. This is a highly risky step as several essential problems are not yet solved. In particular, the performance analysis problem has no viable solution for the existing multi-core designs. The main culprit is the interference on shared resources. Several alternative approaches both in architecture and system design and in analysis methods are discussed.","PeriodicalId":219258,"journal":{"name":"7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125796895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An LLVM-based hybrid binary translation system","authors":"Bor-Yeh Shen, Jyun-Yan You, Wuu Yang, W. Hsu","doi":"10.1109/SIES.2012.6356589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIES.2012.6356589","url":null,"abstract":"Static binary translation (SBT) systems and dynamic binary translation (DBT) systems have their own merits and disadvantages. SBT can perform whole-program optimizations and do not incur run-time overheads. However, the code discovery and the code location problems caused by indirect branches make SBT systems hard to develop. On the other hand, DBT can perform optimizations based on program's runtime behaviors and can handle indirect branches easily. However, because the translation time accounts for a part of the execution time, DBT systems cannot perform aggressive optimizations. Therefore, quality of the code generated by DBT is not as good as that by SBT. In this paper, we present a hybrid binary translation (HBT) system which combines the merits of both SBT and DBT. It leverages the LLVM infrastructure to translate source binary code, optimize, and generate target binary code. It first translates binary statically. If a run-time exception happens, the HBT system switches to dynamic translation. On the EEMBC benchmark suite, our experimental result shows that the HBT system can run about 4 to 20 times faster than a LLVM-based DBT system.","PeriodicalId":219258,"journal":{"name":"7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12)","volume":"148 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130087220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling uncertainties in safety-critical real-time systems: A probabilistic component-based analysis","authors":"D. Khan, L. Santinelli, L. Cucu-Grosjean","doi":"10.1109/SIES.2012.6356582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIES.2012.6356582","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a novel analysis for complex safety-critical real-time systems involving component-based design and abstraction models. The analysis combines deterministic and probabilistic models for component interfaces; based on the bounded curves (deterministically or probabilistically). These results, through the usage of probabilities, can offer different degrees of realtime guarantees (hard or soft), given the system the safety-requirement, and specification. This analysis framework has the flexibility to cope with the different levels of safety-requirement; by acting on the probabilistic bounds and exploring the trade-off between the accuracy of the model and system over-provisioning. Through a case-study we intend to show how the probabilistic abstraction can efficiently and effectively address different degrees of safety requirements in the safety-critical real-time systems.","PeriodicalId":219258,"journal":{"name":"7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128121813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefan Hauck-Stattelmann, Sebastian Ottlik, A. Viehl, O. Bringmann, W. Rosenstiel
{"title":"Combining instruction set simulation and WCET analysis for embedded software performance estimation","authors":"Stefan Hauck-Stattelmann, Sebastian Ottlik, A. Viehl, O. Bringmann, W. Rosenstiel","doi":"10.1109/SIES.2012.6356600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIES.2012.6356600","url":null,"abstract":"Simulation-based approaches to evaluate the functional and non-functional properties of embedded software are in widespread industrial use for design space exploration and virtual prototyping. As simulation performance is usually the main concern for these tools, they often lack an accurate timing model of the underlying processor. On the other hand, tools aimed at the worst-case execution time (WCET) analysis of embedded software contain accurate models for the timing behavior of embedded processors. Yet, these accurate processor models are only used to determine the worst-case path through the analyzed program. This paper proposes the combination of existing tools from both domains. The combination of an a priori analysis of machine code with a dynamic selection of basic block timing estimates during the execution of the program in a high-speed instruction set simulator (ISS) reduces the simulation overhead for cycle-accurate timing estimation. By keeping track of the execution history during execution of the analyzed software, the full accuracy of the offline performance model can be used without introducing pessimism to the simulation-based performance estimates. As most of the timing estimation is done before the simulation, only a slight decrease in simulation performance of the high-speed ISS can be expected.","PeriodicalId":219258,"journal":{"name":"7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131704009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. D. Guglielmo, F. Fummi, G. Pravadelli, F. Stefanni, S. Vinco
{"title":"A formal support for homogeneous simulation of heterogeneous embedded systems","authors":"L. D. Guglielmo, F. Fummi, G. Pravadelli, F. Stefanni, S. Vinco","doi":"10.1109/SIES.2012.6356587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIES.2012.6356587","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of component-based design, this paper proposes a framework, for managing embedded system heterogeneity, that enriches an interchange format, the Heterogeneous Intermediate Format (HIF), with the universal model of computation UNIVERCM. The framework supports bottom-up design, system integration, adaptation and reuse by allowing automatic translation of heterogeneous components, described by means of different languages and according to different MoCs, towards a uniform intermediate description based on a rigorous semantics. The goal of the paper is to show how traditional semantics aspects coming from HW description language models, analog models and embedded SW can be effectively captured by UNIVERCM to produce a homogeneous model from heterogeneous components.","PeriodicalId":219258,"journal":{"name":"7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125182556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response time analysis for mixed messages in CAN supporting transmission abort requests","authors":"S. Mubeen, Jukka Mäki-Turja, Mikael Sjödin","doi":"10.1109/SIES.2012.6356599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIES.2012.6356599","url":null,"abstract":"The existing response-time analysis for messages in Controller Area Network (CAN) with CAN controllers facilitating transmission abort requests in transmission buffers does not support mixed messages. The existing analysis assumes that a message is queued for transmission either periodically or sporadically. However, a message can also be queued both periodically and sporadically using a mixed transmission mode implemented by several high-level protocols for CAN used in the industry today. We extend the existing analysis for mixed messages in CAN which is generally applicable to any high-level protocol that uses periodic, sporadic and mixed transmission modes and supports transmission abort requests in CAN controllers.","PeriodicalId":219258,"journal":{"name":"7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125538186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global schedulability analysis of a synchronization protocol based on replenishment-bounded overrun for compositional real-time systems","authors":"S. Cranen, R. J. Bril","doi":"10.1109/SIES.2012.6356568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIES.2012.6356568","url":null,"abstract":"Hierarchical scheduling frameworks (HSFs) provide means for composing complex real-time systems from well-defined independently developed and analyzed subsystems. To support shared logical resources requiring mutual exclusive access in two-level HSFs, overrun without payback has been proposed as a mechanism to prevent budget depletion during resource access arbitrated by the stack resource policy (SRP). The same mechanism can be applied to support scheduling techniques, such as fixed-priority scheduling with deferred preemption (FPDS), that aim at a reduction of the architecture-related preemption costs and may improve the feasibility of a system. Whereas the blocking times and overrun budgets for shared logical resources will typically be much smaller than the normal budget, these values may significantly increase for scheduling techniques such as FPDS. In this paper, we therefor consider replenishment-bounded overrun, i.e. the overrun ends upon a replenishment, because the normal budget becomes available again, which allows for larger overrun budgets. We show that the global schedulability analysis for this special kind of overrun has a number of anomalies: (i) the usual theorem for critical instant does not hold, (ii) maximal blocking does not necessarily lead to a maximal response time, and (iii) it is not sufficient to analyse a fixed amount of time (say, a number of hyperperiods). We present analysis for two subsystems.","PeriodicalId":219258,"journal":{"name":"7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES'12)","volume":"379 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116578551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}