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The UBC State Social Connection Scale: Factor Structure, Reliability, and Validity. UBC状态社会联系量表:因子结构、信度和效度。
IF 5.7 2区 心理学
Social Psychological and Personality Science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/19485506221132090
Iris Lok, Elizabeth Dunn
{"title":"The UBC State Social Connection Scale: Factor Structure, Reliability, and Validity.","authors":"Iris Lok,&nbsp;Elizabeth Dunn","doi":"10.1177/19485506221132090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506221132090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social connection plays a central role in people's everyday lives. Although researchers have traditionally focused on the benefits of experiencing an enduring sense of social connection, recent research has also begun to explore the contextual factors that shape momentary feeling of social connection. To date, however, no psychological scales have been developed to measure state social connection. To address this gap, we developed the 10-item UBC State Social Connection Scale (UBC-SSCS). In Study 1, we generated and refined our initial pool of items and confirmed our hypothesized factor structure in a large university sample. In Studies 2 to 3, we established several forms of validity. We provide foundational evidence that the UBC-SSCS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing momentary feelings of social connection. Our exploratory findings also suggest that researchers can substantially increase their statistical power using state (vs. trait) measures to capture fluctuations in feelings of social connection.</p>","PeriodicalId":21853,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","volume":"14 7","pages":"835-844"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10396795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10649838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Incivility Diminishes Interest in What Politicians Have to Say. 无礼会降低人们对政客言论的兴趣。
IF 5.7 2区 心理学
Social Psychological and Personality Science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/19485506221136182
Matthew Feinberg, Jeremy A Frimer
{"title":"Incivility Diminishes Interest in What Politicians Have to Say.","authors":"Matthew Feinberg,&nbsp;Jeremy A Frimer","doi":"10.1177/19485506221136182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506221136182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Incivility is prevalent in society suggesting a potential benefit. Within politics, theorists and strategists often claim incivility grabs attention and stokes interest in what a politician has to say. In contrast, we propose incivility diminishes overall interest in what a politician has to say because people find the incivility morally distasteful. Studies 1a and 1b examined the relationship between uncivil language and followership in the Twitter feeds of Presidents Donald Trump and Joe Biden, finding incivility reduced their following on the platform. In Studies 2-3, we manipulated how uncivil a number of politicians were and found that incivility consistently depressed interest in what they had to say. These effects of incivility are generalized to both political allies and opponents. Observers' moral disapproval of the incivility mediated the diminished interest, suppressing the attention-grabbing nature of incivility. Altogether, our findings indicate that the public reacts more negatively to political incivility than previously thought.</p>","PeriodicalId":21853,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","volume":"14 7","pages":"787-795"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10396794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10355255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do Minorities’ Friendships with Majority Culture Members and Their Emotional Fit with Majority Culture Influence Each Other Over Time? 随着时间的推移，少数民族与多数文化成员的友谊和他们与多数文化的情感契合是否相互影响?
IF 5.7 2区 心理学
Social Psychological and Personality Science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/19485506231190699
Alba Jasini, Jozefien De Leersnyder, Eva Ceulemans, Matteo Gagliolo, Batja Mesquita
{"title":"Do Minorities’ Friendships with Majority Culture Members and Their Emotional Fit with Majority Culture Influence Each Other Over Time?","authors":"Alba Jasini, Jozefien De Leersnyder, Eva Ceulemans, Matteo Gagliolo, Batja Mesquita","doi":"10.1177/19485506231190699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506231190699","url":null,"abstract":"Immigrant-origin minorities who have majority friends have emotions that fit the majority norm. However, previous research on the link between minorities’ emotional fit and their friendships with majority culture members has been cross-sectional. Hence, little is known about the directionality of the association and whether emotional fit facilitates minority inclusion. In a longitudinal study of 3216 minority and 2283 majority youth, we tested bidirectional associations between emotional fit and majority friendships over time. Emotional fit was calculated by relating minorities’ emotional patterns to the average pattern of the majority sample in comparable situations. Majority friendships were measured as reciprocal friendship nominations in classrooms and self-report. Cross-lagged panel models offered partial support for the hypotheses using friendship nomination data, and full support using self-reported data. The findings suggest that minorities’ fit with the majority culture increases when they have majority friends and that emotional fit is a promising route for inclusion.","PeriodicalId":21853,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73822310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unity or Estrangement Under Crises? Perceived Resource Scarcity Moderates the Effect of a Common Threat on Intergroup Cooperation 危机下的团结还是隔阂?感知资源稀缺性调节共同威胁对群体间合作的影响
IF 5.7 2区 心理学
Social Psychological and Personality Science Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1177/19485506231195501
Xiaoyan Miao, Li Liu, Jianning Dang, Cong Wei, Lingling Huang, Zhen Liu
{"title":"Unity or Estrangement Under Crises? Perceived Resource Scarcity Moderates the Effect of a Common Threat on Intergroup Cooperation","authors":"Xiaoyan Miao, Li Liu, Jianning Dang, Cong Wei, Lingling Huang, Zhen Liu","doi":"10.1177/19485506231195501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506231195501","url":null,"abstract":"Human history and recent empirical studies have documented many cases of human unity or estrangement during global crises. This reflects that a common threat may not always promote intergroup cooperation. An intriguing question arises: What determines the effect of a common threat on intergroup cooperation? In response, we proposed and tested the moderating role of perceived resource scarcity in the effect of a common threat on intergroup cooperation. We found that when perceived resource scarcity was low, common threats posed by pandemics (Studies 1 and 2) and earthquakes (Study 3) promoted intergroup cooperation in controlling outbreaks, building public medical systems, and reducing public resource depletion. However, the effect attenuated when perceived resource scarcity was high. The findings broaden our understanding of common threats and provide avenues to enhance intergroup cooperation in the face of interminable global crises.","PeriodicalId":21853,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77980891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shifts in Facial Impression Structures Across Group Boundaries 跨群体边界的面部印象结构的变化
IF 5.7 2区 心理学
Social Psychological and Personality Science Pub Date : 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1177/19485506231193180
Youngki Hong, J. Freeman
{"title":"Shifts in Facial Impression Structures Across Group Boundaries","authors":"Youngki Hong, J. Freeman","doi":"10.1177/19485506231193180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506231193180","url":null,"abstract":"Facial impressions have long been argued to be driven by two independent dimensions of trustworthiness and dominance. However, in an intergroup context, we reasoned that these dimensions may shift predictably and become more positively related for ingroup members, yet negatively related for outgroup members, due to dominance signaling outgroup threat and/or ingroup prosociality. In two studies, we examined how the two dimensions shift across minimal group boundaries for White targets. In Study 1, core dimensions of trustworthiness and dominance became intertwined with each other differently for ingroup and outgroup targets. In Study 2, stronger stereotypic beliefs that trustworthiness ≈ dominance for ingroup than outgroup mediated the shifts in facial impression dimensions. This work advances our understanding of facial impression and intergroup bias by showing that the facial impression dimensions are not fixed but may shift across group boundaries and that such shifts occur above and beyond simple ingroup favoritism.","PeriodicalId":21853,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83277226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Moderating Role of Neuroticism on Evaluative Conditioning: Evidence From Ambiguous Learning Situations 神经质对评价条件反射的调节作用:来自模糊学习情境的证据
IF 5.7 2区 心理学
Social Psychological and Personality Science Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.1177/19485506231191861
C. Bunghez, Andrei A. Rusu, J. de Houwer, M. Perugini, Y. Boddez, F. Sava
{"title":"The Moderating Role of Neuroticism on Evaluative Conditioning: Evidence From Ambiguous Learning Situations","authors":"C. Bunghez, Andrei A. Rusu, J. de Houwer, M. Perugini, Y. Boddez, F. Sava","doi":"10.1177/19485506231191861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506231191861","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have demonstrated a link between neuroticism and negative biases. Although some studies suggest that people with high neuroticism give more weight to negative information, others suggest that they respond more strongly to both positive and negative information. We investigated whether neuroticism is related to the evaluation of conditioned stimuli (CSs) in evaluative conditioning procedures that involve ambiguous learning conditions. We created ambiguous situations where CSs were paired with unconditioned stimuli (USs) consisting of both positive and negative pictures (Experiment 1) or paired alternatingly with positive and negative USs (Experiment 2). In addition to CSs consistently paired with positive and negative USs, we introduced neutral USs as a control condition. Our findings revealed that neurotic individuals negatively evaluated the CSs from ambiguous conditions relative to neutral conditions. In addition, participants with high neuroticism scores generally rated CSs more negatively. Theoretical and clinical implications of these results are discussed.","PeriodicalId":21853,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73297034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Does the First Step of the Induced-Hypocrisy Paradigm Really Matter? An Initial Investigation Using a Meta-Analytic Approach 诱导-伪善范式的第一步真的重要吗?使用元分析方法的初步调查
IF 5.7 2区 心理学
Social Psychological and Personality Science Pub Date : 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1177/19485506231188164
Maxime Mauduy, D. Priolo, Nicolas Margas, C. Sénémeaud
{"title":"Does the First Step of the Induced-Hypocrisy Paradigm Really Matter? An Initial Investigation Using a Meta-Analytic Approach","authors":"Maxime Mauduy, D. Priolo, Nicolas Margas, C. Sénémeaud","doi":"10.1177/19485506231188164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506231188164","url":null,"abstract":"The induced-hypocrisy paradigm is an effective two-step procedure—the behavioral standards salience step and the transgressions salience step—for encouraging normative behaviors. Recent findings have raised questions about the necessity of the first step in inducing behavioral change. This research aims to test the role of the standards salience step in the hypocrisy paradigm. To this end, we used a meta-analytic approach to test the moderation of standards salience on hypocrisy effect sizes. We compared 16 studies with “strong” standards salience with 19 studies with “weak” standards salience. The results revealed that, compared with control and transgressions-only conditions, the hypocrisy effect sizes were moderate in the “strong” standards group and weak or nonsignificant in the “weak” standards group. These results contribute to the further investigation of the processes underlying the hypocrisy paradigm and represent progress by identifying the optimal conditions for implementing its first step.","PeriodicalId":21853,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86982209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Perceptions of White Women’s Stigma-Based Solidarity Claims and Disingenuous Allyship 白人妇女以耻辱为基础的团结主张和虚伪的盟友关系的看法
IF 5.7 2区 心理学
Social Psychological and Personality Science Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1177/19485506231188757
K. Chaney, Rebecca Cipollina, D. Sanchez
{"title":"Perceptions of White Women’s Stigma-Based Solidarity Claims and Disingenuous Allyship","authors":"K. Chaney, Rebecca Cipollina, D. Sanchez","doi":"10.1177/19485506231188757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506231188757","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts to promote allyship often focus on creating a common ingroup identity between marginalized and privileged groups, including making salient stigma-based solidarity. In addition, research on allyship perceptions highlights that allies are viewed as more genuine when they are not perceived as motivated by self-interests. Integrating research on allyship perceptions and stigma-based solidarity, the present research examined Black Americans’ perceptions of White women’s allyship messages that focus on stigma-based solidarity. In three experiments ( Ntotal = 851), White women claiming stigma-based solidarity highlighting shared perpetrators (Studies 1–3) or shared discrimination (Study 3) were perceived as less genuine allies (i.e., less trustworthy and self-sacrificing) who were motivated to reduce racism for their own self-interests compared to allyship claims that only highlighted racism (Studies 1–3) or no allyship claims (Study 2). These findings add to a growing literature documenting marginalized groups’ suspicion of privileged groups’ motives when claiming allyship.","PeriodicalId":21853,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90570147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Great Migration and Implicit Bias in the Northern United States 美国北部的大迁徙与隐性偏见
IF 5.7 2区 心理学
Social Psychological and Personality Science Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/19485506231181718
Heidi A. Vuletich, N. Sommet, B. Payne
{"title":"The Great Migration and Implicit Bias in the Northern United States","authors":"Heidi A. Vuletich, N. Sommet, B. Payne","doi":"10.1177/19485506231181718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506231181718","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial patterning of present-day racial bias in Southern states is predicted by the prevalence of slavery in 1860 and the structural inequalities that followed. Here we extend the investigation of the historical roots of implicit bias to areas outside the South by tracing the Great Migration of Black southerners to Northern and Western states. We found that the proportion of Black residents in each county ( N = 1,981 counties) during the years of the Great Migration (1900–1950) was significantly associated with greater implicit bias among White residents today. The association was statistically explained by measures of structural inequalities. Results parallel the pattern seen in Southern states but reflect population changes that occurred decades later as cities reacted to larger Black populations. These findings suggest that implicit biases reflect structural inequalities and the historical conditions that produced them.","PeriodicalId":21853,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74241548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Feeling Understood Predicts Trust and Willingness to Forgive in the Midst of Violent Intergroup Conflict: Longitudinal Evidence From Ukraine 情感理解如何预测暴力群体间冲突中的信任和宽恕意愿:来自乌克兰的纵向证据
IF 5.7 2区 心理学
Social Psychological and Personality Science Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.1177/19485506231183195
Tymofii Brik, Andrew G. Livingstone, Maria Chayinska, E. Bliznyuk
{"title":"How Feeling Understood Predicts Trust and Willingness to Forgive in the Midst of Violent Intergroup Conflict: Longitudinal Evidence From Ukraine","authors":"Tymofii Brik, Andrew G. Livingstone, Maria Chayinska, E. Bliznyuk","doi":"10.1177/19485506231183195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506231183195","url":null,"abstract":"How can intergroup trust and forgiveness be fostered in the face of violent, large-scale intergroup conflict? We addressed this challenge by testing the role of intergroup felt understanding—the extent to which outgroup members are perceived to understand ingroup perspectives—in predicting Ukrainian nationals’ inclinations to trust and forgive Russians for the conflict that has affected Ukraine since 2014. We did so using representative longitudinal data ( N = 743; three time points) collected 6 months before Russia’s full-scale invasion. Pre-registered analysis of dynamic mediation models confirmed that increases over time in felt understanding predicted increases over time in perceived positive regard, which in turn predicted increased outgroup trust and forgiveness over time. A mini-multiverse analysis indicated that this pattern was also largely robust to varying time point specifications. The findings provide further evidence that the feeling of being understood may be a key psychological factor that enables reconciliation.","PeriodicalId":21853,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychological and Personality Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81654283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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