Sexual medicine reviews最新文献

{"title":"What contributes to promote sexual health in cancer palliative care? A realist review.","authors":"Roxane Donz, Bruno Russia, Cécile Barbaret, Debbie Braybrook, Elise Perceau-Chambard, Thibaut Reverdy, Guillaume Economos","doi":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sexuality is an important determinant of the overall health of a population and remains so at the end of life and in patients with advanced cancers. Despite the abundant literature on sexuality and intimacy, these topics have been rarely discussed in the context of cancer palliative care, and very few interventions to promote sexual health in patients undergoing cancer palliative care have been explored.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study we sought to identify which factors and mechanisms contribute to promoting sexual health in cancer palliative care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A realist review was performed according to the guidelines of the realist and meta-narrative evidence synthesis method guidelines. Articles published between January 2010 and June 2021 were searched in 4 databases. Records were screened for their relevance regarding a predefined list of context-mechanism-outcome (CMO) configurations. Abstracts were independently screened by 2 authors before the data were extracted from the full-text articles selected for inclusion. With the use of abductive and retroductive reasoning techniques, each article was examined for evidence of its contribution to one of the CMO configurations, which could be refined when relevant. The data were summarized according to the final CMO configurations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2056 articles identified, 38 articles were included in the review. The data reported in these articles contributed to 7 CMO hypotheses: (1) improving communication skills, (2) healthcare provider training, (3) reorganizing the patient environment in care settings or at home, (4) managing sexual symptoms and also general symptoms, (5 and 6) patient-centered counseling or couple counseling, and (7) lifting the taboo.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings reported here highlight various ways to improve sexual health for patients in cancer palliative care but are limited to genital cancers. Further research should consider all types of cancer rather than being restricted to genital cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":21813,"journal":{"name":"Sexual medicine reviews","volume":" ","pages":"334-345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140176480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the contents and gaps in sexual and reproductive health toolkits designed for adolescence and young adults: a scoping review.","authors":"Patience Castleton, Salima Meherali, Zahid Memon, Zohra S Lassi","doi":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adolescence is a crucial stage of physical and sexual maturation and development and a period in which understanding sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is important. SRH interventions and toolkits provide a range of valuable resources and information to young people, educators, and members of the community on numerous topics, including contraception and puberty.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The usefulness and reliability of these available toolkits have not been previously studied, thus limiting our understanding of their appropriateness and contents. Hence, this scoping review aimed to synthesize the available toolkits aimed at the SRH of adolescents and young adults to understand the contents, design, and information gaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted of 6 medical databases and 12 gray literature sites. Sixteen toolkits published globally before May 2023 were included in our review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of toolkits (n = 12) contained information related to general SRH knowledge and contraception, whereas only 3 contained information on teenage pregnancy. We found that aiming the toolkits toward educators and health care workers was a favorable design over targeting adolescents and young adults directly and that vulnerable youth-including LGBTQI+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, asexual or allied, intersex, and additional identities) and youth from humanitarian settings-were not well represented.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified key gaps in the inclusion of information in a range of SRH topics, such as LGBTQI+ sexuality, teenage pregnancy, and safe abortion, in the currently available SRH toolkits and their lack of applicability in a global context. Furthermore, we provide recommendations for areas of improvement to encourage adolescents' agency in their SRH education.</p>","PeriodicalId":21813,"journal":{"name":"Sexual medicine reviews","volume":" ","pages":"387-400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testosterone replacement therapy in patients with cachexia: a contemporary review of the literature.","authors":"Seyed Sajjad Tabei, Rhea Kataria, Sean Hou, Armaan Singh, Hasan Al Hameedi, Doaa Hasan, Mike Hsieh, Omer A Raheem","doi":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sxmrev/qeae031","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Patients with long-term chronic illnesses frequently present with hypogonadism, which is primarily managed through exogenous testosterone. These same patients also experience a high degree of cachexia, a loss of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To perform a contemporary review of the literature to assess the effectiveness of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) for managing chronic disease-associated cachexia.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We performed a PubMed literature search using MeSH terms to identify studies from 2000 to 2022 on TRT and the following cachexia-related chronic medical diseases: cancer, COPD, HIV/AIDS, and liver cirrhosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000From the literature, 11 primary studies and 1 meta-analysis were selected. Among these studies, 3 evaluated TRT on cancer-associated cachexia, 3 on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 4 on HIV and AIDS, and 2 on liver cirrhosis. TRT showed mixed results favoring clinical improvement on each disease.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Cachexia is commonly observed in chronic disease states. Its occurrence with hypogonadism, alongside the shared symptoms of these 2 conditions, points toward the management of cachexia through the administration of exogenous testosterone. Robust data in the literature support the use of testosterone in increasing lean body mass, improving energy levels, and enhancing the quality of life for patients with chronic disease. However, the data are variable, and further studies are warranted on the long-term efficacy of TRT in patients with cachexia.","PeriodicalId":21813,"journal":{"name":"Sexual medicine reviews","volume":"5 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140963315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genitourinary syndrome of lactation: a new perspective on postpartum and lactation-related genitourinary symptoms.","authors":"S. Perelmuter, Ramzy Burns, Katie Shearer, Raeven Grant, A. Soogoor, Soyoun Jun, Janine Alexis Meurer, Jill Krapf, Rachel Rubin","doi":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sxmrev/qeae034","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a well-documented condition characterized by a range of genitourinary symptoms in peri- and postmenopausal women. As with GSM, postpartum lactating women experience reduced estrogen and androgen levels. However, there is limited research on the impact of symptoms during the postpartum breastfeeding period.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000The aim was to review the literature for genitourinary health in the postpartum breastfeeding population and summarize key findings and potential treatments.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We performed a comprehensive literature review in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus from inception of database to November 2023 using the following keywords individually and in combination: \"physiology of postpartum\" or \"physiology of lactogenesis\" or \"vulvovaginal health\" or \"vaginal atrophy\" or \"vaginal dryness\" or \"dyspareunia\" or \"urinary incontinence\" or \"lactation\" or \"breastfeeding\" or \"vaginal estrogen.\" All identified articles published in English were considered. Relevant studies were extracted, evaluated, and analyzed. The work presented in this article represents a summative review of the identified literature.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000During lactation, high levels of prolactin inhibit estrogen and androgen secretion via negative feedback, which leads to an increased prevalence of vulvovaginal atrophy, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, and urinary incontinence in lactating postpartum women. Despite these highly prevalent and potentially devastating symptoms, there is a lack of consistent screening at postpartum visits and no treatment guidelines available to health care providers.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Postpartum breastfeeding women experience similar physiology and symptoms to the postmenopausal phase, as seen in GSM. We propose the introduction of a novel term to describe the genitourinary changes seen in postpartum breastfeeding individuals: genitourinary syndrome of lactation. The diagnostic use of genitourinary syndrome of lactation will equip health care providers with an all-encompassing term to bring awareness to the symptoms experienced by postpartum breastfeeding individuals and lead to improved screening and treatment for the high numbers of individuals experiencing these genitourinary changes.","PeriodicalId":21813,"journal":{"name":"Sexual medicine reviews","volume":"17 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are cisnormative surveys adequate to assess sexual well-being in trans men post-genital gender-affirming surgery?","authors":"Matthew Loria, C. Van Dorn, A. Bobrow, Aishwarya Gautam, E. Fraiman, Megan Mcnamara, Shubham Gupta, Kirtishri Mishra","doi":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sxmrev/qeae023","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000For transmasculine spectrum individuals, there is a lack of validated surveys to assess sexual well-being (SWB) post-genital gender-affirming surgery. Currently, either providers are designing their own SWB surveys or surveys designed for cisgender men are being used.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000This study investigated the applicability of SWB surveys validated for cisgender men to transmasculine spectrum individuals post-genital gender-affirming surgery (TMSX). Recognizing the paucity of validated tools for assessing SWB in transmasculine individuals post-genital gender-affirming surgery (TMSX), we evaluated current surveys for their inclusiveness and relevance to this population.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Our methodology involved analyzing surveys validated in English-speaking North American cisgender men. We conducted a systematic review, yielding 31 surveys, out of which 12 met our inclusion criteria. These were then assessed against the 10 domains of holistic SWB as identified by Özer et al. Each survey was scored based on its reflection of these domains, thus generating an SWB score. Additionally, we performed a thematic analysis to identify areas needing modification for better applicability to TMSX.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Our findings indicate an average SWB score of 5.17 out of 10 across the surveys. The surveys predominantly addressed sexual function, with a marked underrepresentation of domains like quality of life, sexuality, and sexual pleasure. This underscores the tendency of these surveys to focus more on the biological mechanisms of sex, rather than on a nuanced biopsychosocial understanding. Thematic analysis revealed significant gaps, such as the irrelevance of questions about erections and ejaculations for TMSX, and the need for greater emphasis on psychosocial factors.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Given these gaps and the inadequacy of most cisnormative surveys, we recommend the creation of a novel, validated SWB survey specifically for TMSX. This should be developed in collaboration with a multidisciplinary panel and TMSX community advisory board, ensuring a tool that truly reflects the unique SWB needs of this population.","PeriodicalId":21813,"journal":{"name":"Sexual medicine reviews","volume":"57 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of collagenase Clostridium histolyticum combination therapies for Peyronie's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yicheng Guo, Yingying Yang, Qiancheng Mao, Hongquan Liu, Tianqi Wang, Fengze Sun, Jitao Wu, Yuanshan Cui","doi":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sxmrev/qeae025","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Peyronie's disease (PD) is a common penile disorder characterized by the formation of fibrous noncompliant hard nodules in the tunica albuginea of the penis. Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) is an injectable drug that treats PD by enzymatically degrading plaque interstitial collagen. CCH has been used in patients with varying curvature, as well as in the acute and stable phases of the disease, through a variety of treatment regimens and combinations. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of CCH combination therapies for PD.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We selected 4 observational comparative studies and 3 randomized controlled trials including 532 participants from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases (until December 2023) to evaluate the efficacy of CCH combination therapies for PD. The primary outcome was clinical efficacy as evaluated by improvement in penile curvature and penile length, as well as by scores on the Peyronie's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ) for symptom bother, penile pain, and psychological symptoms. Continuous data were represented by mean difference (MD) and 95% CI. All data were analyzed by Review Manager version 5.3.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000For penile length (MD, 0.81 cm; 95% CI, 0.17-1.45; P = .01), PDQ symptom bother (MD, -1.02; 95% CI, -1.83 to -0.21; P = .01), and PDQ penile pain (MD, -0.93; 95% CI, -1.50 to -0.36; P = .001), CCH combination therapy showed significantly greater improvements vs CCH monotherapy. However, in the other indicators, penile curvature and PDQ psychological symptoms, there was no significant difference between the therapies.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000This meta-analysis supports that CCH combination therapies can partially increase penile length and ameliorate symptom bother and penile pain to some extent. However, CCH combination therapies still need to be evaluated through more high-quality research.","PeriodicalId":21813,"journal":{"name":"Sexual medicine reviews","volume":"07 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140676543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive history of injection therapy for erectile dysfunction, 1982-2023.","authors":"Hartmut Porst, Ronald Lewis, Ronald Virag, Irwin Goldstein","doi":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sxmrev/qeae020","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Although oral phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors represent a first choice and long-term option for about half of all patients with erectile dysfunction (ED), self-injection therapy with vasoactive drugs remains a viable alternative for all those who are not reacting or cannot tolerate oral drug therapy. This current injection therapy has an interesting history beginning in 1982.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000To provide a comprehensive history of self-injection therapy from the very beginnings in 1982 by contemporary witnesses and some members of the International Society for Sexual Medicine's History Committee, a complete history of injection therapy is prepared from eyewitness accounts and review of the published literature on the subject, as well as an update of the current status of self-injection therapy.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Published data on injection therapy, as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool for ED, were reviewed thoroughly by PubMed and Medline research from 1982 until June 2023. Early pioneers and witnesses added firsthand details to this historical review. Therapeutic reports of injection therapy were reviewed, and results of side effects and complications were thoroughly reviewed.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The pioneers of the first hours were Ronal Virag (1982) for papaverine, Giles Brindley (1983) for cavernosal alpha-blockade (phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine), Adrian Zorgniotti (1985) for papaverine/phentolamine, and Ganesan Adaikan and N. Ishii (1986) for prostaglandin E1. Moxisylyte (thymoxamine) was originally marketed but later withdrawn. The most common side effect is priapism, with the greatest risk of this from papaverine, which has modified its use for therapy. Currently, prostaglandin E1 and trimixes continue to be the agents of choice for diagnostic and therapeutic use in ED. A recent agent is a mixture of a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (aviptadil) and phentolamine.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000After 40 years, self-injection therapy represents the medication with the highest efficacy and reliability rates and remains a viable option for many couples with ED. The history of this therapy is rich.","PeriodicalId":21813,"journal":{"name":"Sexual medicine reviews","volume":"104 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140679006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on the therapeutic application of extracellular vesicles in erectile dysfunction.","authors":"Xiaolin Zhang, Mengbo Yang, Xinda Chen, Mujun Lu","doi":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sxmrev/qeae022","url":null,"abstract":"Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common male sexual dysfunctions and is related to many pathogenic factors. However, first-line treatment, represented by phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, is unable to maintain long-term efficacy. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently attracted the attention of researchers in the fields of cardiovascular disease, neurologic disease, and regenerative medicine and may become a treatment for ED. This article reviews recent applications of EVs in the treatment of ED from the aspects of the source, the therapeutic mechanism, and the strategies to enhance therapeutic efficacy. These research advances lay the foundation for further research and provide references for in-depth understanding of the therapeutic mechanism and possible clinical application of EVs in ED.","PeriodicalId":21813,"journal":{"name":"Sexual medicine reviews","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences between the glans and shaft of the penis: a review.","authors":"Letian Wei, Lei Zheng, Hui Jiang, T. Jiang","doi":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sxmrev/qeae019","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000The penis serves as a vital receptor in men, playing a significant role in sexual intercourse. While there are discernible disparities between the glans penis and the penile shaft, a comprehensive and detailed analysis of these distinctions is currently lacking.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000This study aimed to review the existing literature on the variances between the glans penis and the penile shaft, providing a systematic examination of their anatomical and histological dissimilarities.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Our investigation encompassed a thorough search of the published literature, including original articles, reviews, letters to the editor, and case reports focused on the penis. We conducted a comprehensive review of the anatomical and histological dissimilarities between the glans penis and the penile shaft.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The following key differences were identified. First, regarding innervation, the glans penis and the penile shaft possess distinct neural pathways. The glans penis exhibits a 3-dimensional structure, while the penile shaft exhibits a 2-dimensional distribution. Notably, the nerves of the penile shaft extend penetrating branches into the corpus cavernosum. Furthermore, there are variations in nerve-specific antibodies between the 2 regions. Second, regarding composition, the glans penis and the penile shaft consist of dissimilar cavernous bodies. The glans penis contains unique epithelial structures and receptors, setting it apart from the penile shaft. Third, regarding the veins, there are disparities in the venous systems of the glans penis and the penile shaft. Fourth, regarding biothesiometry, variances in biothesiometry research have been observed between the 2 regions.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000There are differences between the glans and the shaft. To further advance our understanding, future research should delve deeper into the discrepancies between the glans penis and the penile shaft. Additionally, a more specialized subdivision of the glans penis and the penile shaft would facilitate more precise and tailored treatments.","PeriodicalId":21813,"journal":{"name":"Sexual medicine reviews","volume":"337 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid diseases and female sexual dysfunctions.","authors":"F. Barbagallo, R. Cannarella, R. Condorelli, L. Cucinella, S. La Vignera, R. E. Nappi, A. E. Calogero","doi":"10.1093/sxmrev/qeae021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sxmrev/qeae021","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Female sexual dysfunctions (FSDs) have received little attention in the context of thyroid diseases, despite the high prevalence of both conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000This review aims to update and summarize the state of knowledge on the association between thyroid diseases and FSDs and to investigate the complex mechanisms through which thyroid hormone imbalance can impact female sexual health in the context of the biopsychosocial model.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A comprehensive literature search was performed through the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases, using the following keywords: \"female sexual function,\" \"sexual dysfunction,\" \"hypoactive sexual desire disorder,\" \"thyroid disease,\" \"thyroiditis,\" \"hypothyroidism,\" and \"hyperthyroidism.\"\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000To date, well-designed studies that describe the relationship between FSDs and thyroid disorders are lacking. However, despite the limitations on available studies, current data indicate that sexual alterations are frequently associated with thyroid diseases in women. A complex interplay of direct and indirect hormonal and nonhormonal mechanisms has been hypothesized, including hormonal changes, neurotransmitter imbalance, reduced nitric oxide release, mood disorders, and other systemic consequences of both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Thyroid hormone receptors have also been identified in the genitourinary system.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000In a clinical setting, physicians should investigate the sexuality of patients consulting for thyroid disease. At the same time, an evaluation of thyroid function should be performed in patients presenting with FSD, especially after menopause, when the risk of thyroid diseases and FSDs increases strongly.","PeriodicalId":21813,"journal":{"name":"Sexual medicine reviews","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}