Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"[Bidirectional regulatory effects of the fusion antioxidant enzyme GS1XR on macrophage polarization].","authors":"Jinnan Chu, Ziyi Zhang, Jiajun Zeng, Lei Lei, Haiying Lin, Huocong He, Jianru Pan","doi":"10.13345/j.cjb.250833","DOIUrl":"10.13345/j.cjb.250833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiotherapy can reshape the tumor microenvironment by promoting the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward either an antitumor (M1-like) phenotype or an immunosuppressive (M2-like) phenotype that facilitates tumor progression. To evaluate the modulatory effects of the fusion antioxidant enzyme GS1XR on macrophage polarization under radiotherapy-associated conditions, we used hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to establish an oxidative stress model in RAW264.7 macrophages. The cytotoxicity, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity, and cellular uptake efficiency were compared among GS1, GS1R, and GS1XR. Subsequently, two macrophage polarization reporter cell lines-RAW-PNos2-P (for M1-like polarization) and RAW-PArg1-P (for M2-like polarization)-were employed to assess the effects of the three fusion antioxidant enzymes, as well as N-acetylcysteine (NAC), on macrophage polarization induced by H₂O₂, transforming growth factor beta 1 and conditioned medium from irradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. The results showed that 200 μmol/L H₂O₂ significantly increased intracellular ROS levels with minimal impact on cell viability. GS1R and GS1XR exhibited stronger membrane permeability than GS1, and none of the three enzymes showed notable cytotoxicity at the working concentrations. Across all the three polarization-inducing models, antioxidant pretreatment consistently demonstrated a dual regulatory effect of enhancing or maintaining M1-like polarization while suppressing M2-like polarization. GS1R, GS1XR, and NAC were more effective overall than GS1, with GS1XR-featuring both membrane-penetrating and enzyme-responsive functionalities-showing particular promise as a radiotherapy adjuvant. This study reveals the bidirectional regulatory role of antioxidant treatment on macrophage polarization and provides a novel strategy for radiotherapy targeting macrophage plasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":21778,"journal":{"name":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology","volume":"42 7","pages":"3174-3186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A dataset of metabolites and potential mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure based on non-targeted metabolomics].","authors":"Zhefen Mai, Fuzhen Pan, Liqiang Deng, Zhiqing Liang, Xia Han","doi":"10.13345/j.cjb.260131","DOIUrl":"10.13345/j.cjb.260131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Premature ovarian failure (POF) severely impairs women's reproductive health and quality of life. Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a common chemotherapeutic drug that clinically induces ovarian function damage. However, the potential metabolic regulatory mechanism underlying CTX-induced POF remains unclear, and it is urgent to reveal its pathogenesis from a metabolic perspective. Based on the CTX-induced POF mouse model, this study obtained serum metabolomic data from mice in the normal group and the model group, screened and identified 41 qualitatively differential metabolites, among which lipids and lipid-like molecules accounted for 54%, and clarified the significant alterations in the serum metabolic profile of POF model mice. Eight SPF-grade female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the normal control group and the POF model group. The model group received an intraperitoneal injection of CTX to establish the POF model, and the successful establishment of the model was verified by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. UPLC-HRMS technology combined with multivariate statistical analysis was used to screen differential serum metabolites, followed by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. This study reveals that abnormal choline metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism are the core regulatory links of CTX-induced POF, and confirms that the coordinated disorder of multiple metabolic pathways is involved in POF progression. It provides foundational data and scientific evidence for the screening of early diagnostic biomarkers, the elucidation of pathogenesis, and the development of targeted intervention strategies for POF.</p>","PeriodicalId":21778,"journal":{"name":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology","volume":"42 7","pages":"3006-3018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development and validation of an anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography method for determining the empty-to-full capsid ratio in recombinant adeno-associated virus].","authors":"Ge Ren, Chenggang Liang, Xi Qin, Yiran Li, Haoran Ren, Zhenzhen Cai, Lili Yao, Wenxiu Hou, Binlei Liu, Yong Zhou, Yang Wang","doi":"10.13345/j.cjb.260265","DOIUrl":"10.13345/j.cjb.260265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To establish and validate an anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (AEX-HPLC) method for the determination of the empty-to-full capsid ratio in recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV), and to systematically evaluate its detection accuracy by comparing with the gold standard method of analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC), thereby providing a reliable technical approach for the quality control of rAAV empty-to-full capsid ratio. A UniCore^TM Q strong anion-exchange chromatographic column was used, with 20 mmol/L Bis-Tris propane-acetic acid buffer as the mobile phase A, while the mobile phase B consisted of mobile phase A supplemented with 2.5 mol/L tetramethylammonium chloride. Gradient elution was performed over 17 minutes with a fluorescence detector (λ_ex 280 nm, λ_em 348 nm), and systematic methodological validation of the method was conducted. The method showed good specificity. The spiked recovery rate was >87%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) of the empty-to-full capsid ratio for repeatability and intermediate precision were 4.91% and 0.99%, respectively, indicating good precision. The method had a good linear relationship within the concentration range of 5.54×10¹¹-4.16×10¹² vg/mL (<i>R</i>²≥0.99). Both the limit of detection and limit of quantitation reached 2.77×10¹⁰ vg/mL, and the sensitivity met the requirements for the detection of low-concentration samples. No significant differences in the results were observed when the pH of the mobile phase fluctuated within the range of 9.2-9.4 or the column temperature varied by ±3 ℃, showing good robustness. Compared with the AUC method, there was no statistically significant difference in the determination results (<i>P</i>=0.156). The AEX-HPLC method established in this study has been fully validated, and all performance indicators meet the requirements for the quality control of rAAV empty-to-full capsid ratio. The method can be directly applied to the detection of the empty-to-full capsid ratio in marketed rAAV drugs. The results obtained by this method are consistent with those obtained by the gold standard AUC method, demonstrating reliable accuracy. By virtue of its charge separation principle, the method possesses unique detection advantages and is simple to operate. Furthermore, it overcomes the limitations of the AUC method, such as high equipment cost, low detection throughput, time-consuming detection, and limited accessibility. It is suitable for the detection of rAAV drug intermediates and the release of final products, and holds significant practical value for promoting the establishment of the quality control system for rAAV drug industrialization.</p>","PeriodicalId":21778,"journal":{"name":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology","volume":"42 7","pages":"3304-3320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Developing the applied course Biotechnological Pharmaceutics under industry-education integration in regional universities].","authors":"Xiaoxiao Gao, Kun Xu, Yonggang Xu, Ping Kou, Jingya Guo","doi":"10.13345/j.cjb.250904","DOIUrl":"10.13345/j.cjb.250904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The applied courses at regional universities face common industry-education disconnect problems, including course contents lagging behind industrial technological advancements, mismatches between practical training and job competency requirements, and underdeveloped industry-education collaboration mechanisms. To address these problems, this study explores teaching reform practices driven by industry-education integration for Biotechnological Pharmaceutics. Focusing on the drug R&D and production process, we developed an education system featuring five-dimensional integration (concept-mechanism-structure-mode-process) that embeds industrial standards throughout the teaching process. For content restructuring, industrial elements such as engineered cell lines and production protocols were introduced and transformed into design of experiments (DOE)-based tasks, which effectively converted industrial requirements into teaching components. For teaching mode innovation, a \"four-in-one\" (online resources, offline instruction, laboratory centers, and enterprise platforms) teaching ecosystem was established to guide students through the \"design-build-test-learn\" engineering cycle <i>via</i> a \"virtual-physical combination and university-enterprise alternation\" approach. For assessment reform, a \"dual-track (emphasizing both process and outcome evaluation), three-stage (before, in, and after class)\" quantitative assessment system involving the participation of enterprise mentors was established to align assessment standards with talent demands. After the reform, the proportion of students with excellent and good grades increased significantly, and the interview success rate improved. A number of students were employed by partner enterprises. Moreover, students won multiple awards in provincial-level or higher discipline competitions. The results indicated that the course objective achievement was steadily enhanced. This practice provides an industry-education integration framework for biopharmaceutical courses and serves as an example for regional universities in cultivating talents for developing new quality productive forces.</p>","PeriodicalId":21778,"journal":{"name":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology","volume":"42 7","pages":"3366-3382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Functional characterization and product identification of sesquiterpene synthases in <i>Alisma orientale</i> (Sam.) Juz.]","authors":"Xuebingting Zhang, Runxiang Yi, Pengyang Lin, Zhuoyi Zhang, Lixin Duan","doi":"10.13345/j.cjb.260055","DOIUrl":"10.13345/j.cjb.260055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Chinese herbal medicine Rhizoma Alismatis is the dried tuber of <i>Alisma orientale</i> (Sam.) Juzep. or <i>Alisma plantago-aquatica</i> Linn., perennial aquatic or marsh herbaceous plants belonging to the family Alismataceae. It is a commonly used herb for inducing diuresis and eliminating dampness. It is rich in terpenoids, especially sesquiterpenoids as important active ingredients, which exhibit various pharmacological activities such as anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. To date, studies on the sesquiterpenoid biosynthetic pathway in <i>Alisma orientale</i> (Sam.) Juzep. remain insufficient. This study aimed to elucidate the sesquiterpenoid biosynthetic pathway in Rhizoma Alismatis, identify and characterize key functional genes involved in sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis, and provide a theoretical basis for clarifying its pharmacodynamic material basis and the subsequent screening and application of quality markers. Therefore, employing approaches of transcriptomics and molecular biology, identified and cloned nine functional sesquiterpene synthase genes (<i>AoTPSs</i>) from <i>A</i>. <i>orientale</i>. Using a yeast heterologous expression system, we characterized their biochemical functions, confirming that these genes can catalyze the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenoids such as <i>β-</i>elemene, <i>α-</i>caryophyllene, (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol, <i>β-</i>caryophyllene, and <i>α-</i>farnesene. This study lays a foundation for in-depth elucidation of the biosynthetic mechanism and resource development of <i>Alisma</i> sesquiterpenoids.</p>","PeriodicalId":21778,"journal":{"name":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology","volume":"42 7","pages":"3274-3292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148606917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Screening of RSV post-F-specific monoclonal antibodies for vaccine conformational evaluation].","authors":"Yalan Luo, Lijie Liu, Peijia Fang, Wei Peng, Jingjing Deng","doi":"10.13345/j.cjb.260110","DOIUrl":"10.13345/j.cjb.260110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory syncytial virus (respiratory syncytial virus, RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. The viral fusion (F) protein, which mediates viral entry into host cells, adopts two distinct conformations: the pre-fusion (pre-F) and post-fusion (post-F). The epitopes most sensitive to neutralizing antibodies are exclusively present on the pre-F conformation, making it a major focus of current vaccine and antibody development. However, the pre-F conformation is metastable and undergoes an irreversible transition to the post-F conformation upon membrane fusion or spontaneous triggering. Therefore, antibodies specifically recognize the post-F conformation can be used to quantify the post-F content in vaccine products, thereby assessing the conformational stability and purity. In this study, we established a rabbit-derived single B-cell antibody platform covering the entire workflow from immunization to antibody screening. Using this platform, we successfully obtained two rabbit monoclonal antibodies with high specificity and affinity for RSV post-F protein. Epitope mapping revealed that both antibodies bound to regions outside of site I. Preliminary validation demonstrated the utility of these antibodies in detecting the post-F protein in vaccine drug substance, suggesting their potential for assessing antigen conformational stability and purity. This work provides important platform support and tool antibodies for developing vaccines against RSV and other respiratory viruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":21778,"journal":{"name":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology","volume":"42 7","pages":"3110-3122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Production and preliminary application of monoclonal antibodies against structural proteins of human parainfluenza virus type 3].","authors":"Guilin Li, Tongxi Zhou, Pengyun Hou, Hao Wang, Chong Lu, Xiaoping Tian, Guojie Ji, Huanhuan Hu, Qiaohui Zhao","doi":"10.13345/j.cjb.260056","DOIUrl":"10.13345/j.cjb.260056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To screen the optimal target for the antigen detection of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3), this study systematically compared the immunoreactivity and diagnostic potential of four major structural proteins [hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN), fusion protein (F), nucleoprotein (NP), and phosphoprotein (P)] of HPIV-3. On this basis, developing high-sensitivity, high-specificity antibodies is the premise for establishing the detection method. A baculovirus-insect cell system was used to express four major structural proteins (HN, F, NP, and P) of HPIV-3, and SDS-PAGE suggested that the protein purity reached 80%. Corresponding monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated <i>via</i> the hybridoma technology and 133 clones of mAbs were obtained. The production and immunoreactivity of mAbs against NP were significantly better than those against HN, F, and P. The prepared mAbs were screened with natural antigens through methods such as orthogonal matrix, detection limit evaluation, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR, indicating antibody affinity) determination. Multiple high-quality clones of mAbs were screened out, including 18#, 121#, and 84#, among which 18# showed high affinity to the recombinant antigen, with the K_D value reaching 8.92×10^-11. Moreover, all the three antibody clones demonstrated excellent stability under various buffer systems, temperature conditions, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Immunofluorescence assays confirmed that the 84# antibody specifically recognized viral antigens within infected cells. On this basis, a double-antibody sandwich chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) system was developed and evaluated for sensitivity and specificity <i>via</i> clinical samples. The results showed that among the screened antibody pairs, 18#+HRP-84# demonstrated good detection performance in clinical samples, with a positive detection rate of 20% and low cross-reactivity. The pair 121#+HRP-84# demonstrated strong specificity in clinical samples, with no cross-reactivity, though its positive detection rate was 18%. This study demonstrates that NP is the optimal target antigen for HPIV-3 detection. The developed NP-based double-antibody sandwich CLIA system shows high sensitivity, good stability, and low cross-reactivity, exhibiting promising potential for the development of diagnostic kits.</p>","PeriodicalId":21778,"journal":{"name":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology","volume":"42 7","pages":"3123-3137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in the molecular mechanisms of subtle mechanical forces in immune regulation].","authors":"Huan Wang, Boyu Luo, Yuan Li, Yue Teng","doi":"10.13345/j.cjb.250922","DOIUrl":"10.13345/j.cjb.250922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subtle mechanical forces (such as cellular stretching, shear stress, tissue pressure, ultrasound, and acupuncture, which are lower than the tissue and cell damage thresholds but can be sensed and transduced by cells) can regulate the physiological functions of immune cells through mechanosensitive ion channels (MSCs). When being sensed by MSCs on the surface of immune cells, these subtle mechanical stimuli are converted into biochemical signals that trigger cellular activation, migration, phagocytosis, and cytokine release. Under pathological conditions such as inflammation, infection, and cancer, mechanical signals are transmitted through mechanosensitive channels-including Piezo, TRPV, MRTFA-SRF, Hippo-YAP/TAZ, and integrins-to modulate both innate and adaptive immune responses. The \"subtle mechanical force-MSC-immunity\" axis plays a crucial role in inflammation modulation, pathogen clearance, and antitumor immunity, holding significant potential for translational applications. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which subtle mechanical forces mediate immune modulation through MSCs and outlines the functions and signal transduction mechanisms of subtle mechanical forces and MSCs, with a particular focus on the roles of Piezo, TRPV, MRTFA-SRF, Hippo-YAP/TAZ, and integrin channels in various immune cells. It further elaborates on the immunomodulatory effects and the potential application prospects of exogenous subtle mechanical stimuli in physical therapy, aiming to provide new insights for understanding the regulation of immune responses by subtle mechanical forces and offer a theoretical basis for developing novel immunotherapies based on subtle mechanical forces.</p>","PeriodicalId":21778,"journal":{"name":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology","volume":"42 7","pages":"2957-2974"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Establishment and application of a multiplex TaqMan qPCR method for rapid detection of diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i>].","authors":"Taotao Yan, Hui Wang, Tonghe Zhang, Haikuan DU, Shuang Zhang, Yuning Wang, Yalun Zhang, Wei Zhou","doi":"10.13345/j.cjb.250840","DOIUrl":"10.13345/j.cjb.250840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To address the cumbersome operation, long time consumption, and false positive results of biochemical and PCR methods in the detection of diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (DEC), we designed primers and probes targeting 11 virulence genes harbored by five pathotypes of DEC. We then established a novel multiplex TaqMan qPCR method for the rapid detection and typing of DEC after optimization of the experimental conditions. The detection results demonstrated that this method could be used for specific identification and typing of DEC among various foodborne pathogenic strains. Furthermore, it can achieve effective detection when the DNA concentration is no less than 2.5 ng/μL or the culture duration is no less than 18 h. These findings indicate that the developed detection method boasts high specificity, high sensitivity, and short time consumption, which make it applicable for the industrial-scale rapid detection of DEC in food. This study provides novel technical support for food safety sector, which is conducive to further reducing labor input and improving detection efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":21778,"journal":{"name":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology","volume":"42 7","pages":"3293-3303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on extracellular vesicles in aortic aneurysms].","authors":"Zongyou Xie, Lianglin Wu, Huibo Ma, Yuehong Zheng, Jianqiang Wu, Zairong Wei","doi":"10.13345/j.cjb.260197","DOIUrl":"10.13345/j.cjb.260197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aortic aneurysms, including thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), represent a group of severe vascular lesions with insidious onset and high mortality. Currently, effective diagnostic markers and pharmacological interventions remain lacking in clinical practice. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as key mediators of intercellular communication, have attracted increasing attention in the research on aortic aneurysms due to their high content of bioactive molecules, favorable biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and inherent targeting capacity. This review systematically elaborated on the research progress on EVs in TAA and AAA, highlighting their significant role in the development and progression of aortic aneurysms. EVs play a crucial role by mediating core pathological processes, including endothelial dysfunction, phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells, inflammatory immune responses, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Additionally, this review discussed the potential of disease-specific molecules carried by EVs as novel liquid biopsy markers for the early diagnosis of aortic aneurysms. Furthermore, this review evaluated the application prospects of EVs as natural drug delivery platforms and EV-based therapeutic strategies for aortic aneurysm through engineering modifications (such as targeting peptide modification and biomaterial integration). In particular, \"cell-free\" immunomodulatory therapies, which enhance targeting capacity to lesion sites through engineering modifications and focus strategically on regulating the phenotype and function of key immune cells (such as macrophages), are increasingly emerging as a cutting-edge direction with the greatest translational potential in this field. Despite challenges such as targeted delivery, the integration of engineering technologies with nanomedicine holds promise for opening new avenues for the precise prevention and treatment of aortic aneurysms through EV-based integrated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21778,"journal":{"name":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology","volume":"42 7","pages":"2927-2942"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148607469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}