Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Breaking down KRAS: small-molecule degraders for cancer therapy","authors":"Tina Kos, Dieter Saur","doi":"10.1038/s41392-025-02172-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-025-02172-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In their recently published study in <i>Science</i>, Popow and colleagues developed a proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) for the in vivo degradation of several oncogenic KRAS variants.¹ Leveraging detailed biophysical analyses and crystal structures of ternary complexes of candidate ligands for KRAS and the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, they designed a small molecule capable of potently and selectively targeting 13 of the 17 most common KRAS mutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PD-1 antibody camrelizumab plus apatinib and SOX as first-line treatment in patients with AFP-producing gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma (CAP 06): a multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial","authors":"Yakun Wang, Jialin Lu, Xiaoyi Chong, Chang Wang, Xiaofeng Chen, Zhi Peng, Yanhong Gu, Yizhuo Wang, Xicheng Wang, Jian Li, Jifang Gong, Changsong Qi, Jiajia Yuan, Zhihao Lu, Ming Lu, Jun Zhou, Yanshuo Cao, Yang Chen, Cheng Zhang, Zhiguo Hou, Hongyi Kou, Lin Shen, Xiaotian Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41392-025-02193-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-025-02193-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric or gastro-esophageal junction (AFP-G/GEJ) cancer, a rare gastric cancer subtype, exhibits increased angiogenesis and more immunosuppression than non-AFP-G/GEJ cancer. The potential benefits of anti-angiogenic agents and immunotherapy for this specific subtype remain unknown. This multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04609176) evaluated the antitumor activity, safety, and biomarkers of camrelizumab plus apatinib and S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX), followed by maintenance treatment with camrelizumab plus apatinib, as a first-line treatment in patients with AFP-G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Primary endpoint was the confirmed objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1 in the full analysis set. Secondary endpoints were disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), duration of response, time to response, and safety. Between December 4, 2020, and August 4, 2023, 36 patients were enrolled and treated. The trial met its primary endpoint with a confirmed ORR of 66.7% (95% CI: 49.0–81.4). The DCR was 88.9% (95% CI: 73.9-96.9). With a median follow-up of 11.7 months (range: 3.2-37.9), the median PFS reached 7.8 months (95% CI: 4.9-12.3) and the median OS reached 18.0 months (95% CI: 10.5-NR). No new safety concerns were identified. In exploratory analysis, patients with durable clinical benefit exhibited higher pre-treatment (PD-1⁺) CD8⁺ T cell densities and effective scores. First-line treatment with camrelizumab plus apatinib and SOX, followed by maintenance treatment with camrelizumab plus apatinib, is effective and safe in AFP-G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the structures, mechanisms and targeting of molecular chaperones","authors":"Jinying Gu, Yanyi He, Chenxi He, Qiuyue Zhang, Qifei Huang, Shangjun Bai, Ruoning Wang, Qidong You, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41392-025-02166-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-025-02166-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Molecular chaperones, a class of complex client regulatory systems, play significant roles in the prevention of protein misfolding and abnormal aggregation, the modulation of protein homeostasis, and the protection of cells from damage under constantly changing environmental conditions. As the understanding of the biological mechanisms of molecular chaperones has increased, their link with the occurrence and progression of disease has suggested that these proteins are promising targets for therapeutic intervention, drawing intensive interest. Here, we review recent advances in determining the structures of molecular chaperones and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) chaperone system complexes. We also describe the features of molecular chaperones and shed light on the complicated regulatory mechanism that operates through interactions with various co-chaperones in molecular chaperone cycles. In addition, how molecular chaperones affect diseases by regulating pathogenic proteins has been thoroughly analyzed. Furthermore, we focus on molecular chaperones to systematically discuss recent clinical advances and various drug design strategies in the preclinical stage. Recent studies have identified a variety of novel regulatory strategies targeting molecular chaperone systems with compounds that act through different mechanisms from those of traditional inhibitors. Therefore, as more novel design strategies are developed, targeting molecular chaperones will significantly contribute to the discovery of new potential drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thalidomide-based regimen shows promising efficacy in large granular lymphocytic leukemia: a multicenter phase II study","authors":"Ying Yu, Yuxi Li, Rui Cui, Yuting Yan, Fei Li, Yan Chen, Tingyu Wang, Xiaoli Hu, Yaqing Feng, Tengteng Yu, Yanshan Huang, Jingwen Sun, Rui Lyu, Wenjie Xiong, Qi Wang, Wei Liu, Gang An, Weiwei Sui, Yan Xu, Wenyang Huang, Dehui Zou, Huijun Wang, Zhijian Xiao, Jianxiang Wang, Lugui Qiu, Shuhua Yi","doi":"10.1038/s41392-025-02164-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-025-02164-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Large granular lymphocytic leukemia (LGLL) is characterized by the clonal proliferation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes or NK cells. Standard first-line immunosuppressive treatments have limitations, achieving complete remission (CR) rates of up to 50%. Immune system dysregulation is implicated in LGLL. Promising results for thalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug, combined with prednisone and methotrexate (TPM), were observed in our pilot study. This multicenter study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a thalidomide, prednisone, and methotrexate (TPM) regimen in 52 symptomatic, methotrexate- and thalidomide-naive LGLL patients from June 2020 to August 2022. Thalidomide (100 mg daily for up to 24 months), prednisone (0.5–1.0 mg/kg every other day, tapered after 3 months), and methotrexate (10 mg/m² weekly for up to 12 months) were administered. The primary objective was to determine the CR rate. The median follow-up duration was 29.0 months (range: 4.0–42.0). Forty-seven patients (90.4%) achieved hematological and symptomatic responses. Thirty-nine patients (75.0%) achieved CR. The median time to response was 3.0 months (range: 3.0–9.0). The median progression-free survival was 40.0 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 38.0–42.0), and the median duration of response was 39.0 months (95% CI: 36.1–41.9). The most common adverse event was peripheral neuropathy (24.1%), most of which (84.6%) were grades 1–2. Four patients experienced grade ≥3 adverse events. In conclusion, the TPM regimen was an effective and safe treatment for symptomatic LGLL patients, with a particularly high CR rate. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT04453345).</p>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape of small nucleic acid therapeutics: moving from the bench to the clinic as next-generation medicines","authors":"Mohan Liu, Yusi Wang, Yibing Zhang, Die Hu, Lin Tang, Bailing Zhou, Li Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41392-024-02112-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-024-02112-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ability of small nucleic acids to modulate gene expression via a range of processes has been widely explored. Compared with conventional treatments, small nucleic acid therapeutics have the potential to achieve long-lasting or even curative effects via gene editing. As a result of recent technological advances, efficient small nucleic acid delivery for therapeutic and biomedical applications has been achieved, accelerating their clinical translation. Here, we review the increasing number of small nucleic acid therapeutic classes and the most common chemical modifications and delivery platforms. We also discuss the key advances in the design, development and therapeutic application of each delivery platform. Furthermore, this review presents comprehensive profiles of currently approved small nucleic acid drugs, including 11 antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), 2 aptamers and 6 siRNA drugs, summarizing their modifications, disease-specific mechanisms of action and delivery strategies. Other candidates whose clinical trial status has been recorded and updated are also discussed. We also consider strategic issues such as important safety considerations, novel vectors and hurdles for translating academic breakthroughs to the clinic. Small nucleic acid therapeutics have produced favorable results in clinical trials and have the potential to address previously “undruggable” targets, suggesting that they could be useful for guiding the development of additional clinical candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiageing strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: from mechanisms to clinical advances","authors":"Qiu Jiang, Jie Liu, Shan Huang, Xuan-Yue Wang, Xiaowei Chen, Guang-Hui Liu, Keqiang Ye, Weihong Song, Colin L. Masters, Jun Wang, Yan-Jiang Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41392-025-02145-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-025-02145-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the context of global ageing, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases and dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is increasing. However, the current symptomatic and disease-modifying therapies have achieved limited benefits for neurodegenerative diseases in clinical settings. Halting the progress of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline or even improving impaired cognition and function are the clinically meaningful goals of treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing is the primary risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and their associated comorbidities, such as vascular pathologies, in elderly individuals. Thus, we aim to elucidate the role of ageing in neurodegenerative diseases from the perspective of a complex system, in which the brain is the core and peripheral organs and tissues form a holistic network to support brain functions. During ageing, the progressive deterioration of the structure and function of the entire body hampers its active and adaptive responses to various stimuli, thereby rendering individuals more vulnerable to neurodegenerative diseases. Consequently, we propose that the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases should be grounded in holistic antiageing and rejuvenation means complemented by interventions targeting disease-specific pathogenic events. This integrated approach is a promising strategy to effectively prevent, pause or slow down the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epstein-Barr virus hijacks histone demethylase machinery to drive epithelial malignancy progression through KDM5B upregulation","authors":"Ya-Qing Zhou, Jia-Xin Jiang, Shuai He, Yi-Qi Li, Xi-Xi Cheng, Shu-Qiang Liu, Pan-Pan Wei, Xin-Yuan Guan, Choon Kiat Ong, Vivien Ya-Fan Wang, Chun-Ling Luo, Jin-Xin Bei","doi":"10.1038/s41392-025-02163-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-025-02163-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a significant epigenetic driver in the development of epithelial-origin nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and gastric cancer (GC), which together represent 80% of EBV-associated malignancies. Despite its known association, the specific mechanisms, particularly those involving EBV-induced histone modifications, remain poorly understood. Through integrative analyses of single-cell and bulk transcriptome data from epithelial tumor tissues and EBV-infected cells, we identified <i>KDM5B</i> as a critical histone-modifying factor consistently upregulated following EBV infection. We demonstrated that EBV stimulates <i>KDM5B</i> expression via interactions of its latent gene EBNA1 with transcription factor CEBPB and through direct binding of its lytic gene BZLF1 to Zta-response elements on the <i>KDM5B</i> promoter. Functional assays revealed that <i>KDM5B</i> acts as an oncogene, correlating with poor survival outcomes in EBV-associated epithelial cancers. Mechanistically, KDM5B inhibited the tumor suppressor gene <i>PLK2</i> through histone demethylation, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and promoting malignant progression. Furthermore, treatment with the KDM5B inhibitor AS-8351 markedly attenuated this signaling activity and exhibited strong anti-tumor effect in both in vitro and in vivo patient-derived xenograft models from EBV-associated tumors. Together, these findings provide novel insights into how EBV hijacks KDM5B to mediate histone demethylation of PLK2, facilitating tumor progression through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in epithelial cancers, highlighting promising therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic alterations in EBV-associated cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue macrophages: origin, heterogenity, biological functions, diseases and therapeutic targets","authors":"Fan Guan, Ruixuan Wang, Zhenjie Yi, Peng Luo, Wanyao Liu, Yao Xie, Zaoqu Liu, Zhiwei Xia, Hao Zhang, Quan Cheng","doi":"10.1038/s41392-025-02124-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-025-02124-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Macrophages are immune cells belonging to the mononuclear phagocyte system. They play crucial roles in immune defense, surveillance, and homeostasis. This review systematically discusses the types of hematopoietic progenitors that give rise to macrophages, including primitive hematopoietic progenitors, erythro-myeloid progenitors, and hematopoietic stem cells. These progenitors have distinct genetic backgrounds and developmental processes. Accordingly, macrophages exhibit complex and diverse functions in the body, including phagocytosis and clearance of cellular debris, antigen presentation, and immune response, regulation of inflammation and cytokine production, tissue remodeling and repair, and multi-level regulatory signaling pathways/crosstalk involved in homeostasis and physiology. Besides, tumor-associated macrophages are a key component of the TME, exhibiting both anti-tumor and pro-tumor properties. Furthermore, the functional status of macrophages is closely linked to the development of various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic conditions, and trauma. Targeting macrophages has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in these contexts. Clinical trials of macrophage-based targeted drugs, macrophage-based immunotherapies, and nanoparticle-based therapy were comprehensively summarized. Potential challenges and future directions in targeting macrophages have also been discussed. Overall, our review highlights the significance of this versatile immune cell in human health and disease, which is expected to inform future research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in acute respiratory distress syndrome: focusing on heterogeneity, pathophysiology, and therapeutic strategies","authors":"Wen Ma, Songling Tang, Peng Yao, Tingyuan Zhou, Qingsheng Niu, Peng Liu, Shiyuan Tang, Yao Chen, Lu Gan, Yu Cao","doi":"10.1038/s41392-025-02127-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-025-02127-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been gradually increasing. Despite advances in supportive care, ARDS remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. ARDS is characterized by acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure with diffuse pulmonary inflammation and bilateral edema due to excessive alveolocapillary permeability in patients with non-cardiogenic pulmonary diseases. Over the past seven decades, our understanding of the pathology and clinical characteristics of ARDS has evolved significantly, yet it remains an area of active research and discovery. ARDS is highly heterogeneous, including diverse pathological causes, clinical presentations, and treatment responses, presenting a significant challenge for clinicians and researchers. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the latest advancements in ARDS research, focusing on its heterogeneity, pathophysiological mechanisms, and emerging therapeutic approaches, such as cellular therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. Moreover, we also examine the pathological characteristics of COVID-19-related ARDS and discuss the corresponding therapeutic approaches. In the face of challenges posed by ARDS heterogeneity, recent advancements offer hope for improved patient outcomes. Further research is essential to translate these findings into effective clinical interventions and personalized treatment approaches for ARDS, ultimately leading to better outcomes for patients suffering from ARDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host FSTL1 defines the impact of stem cell therapy on liver fibrosis by potentiating the early recruitment of inflammatory macrophages","authors":"Xiaohong Zheng, Siyuan Tian, Ting Li, Si Zhang, Xia Zhou, Yansheng Liu, Rui Su, Miao Zhang, Bo Li, Chao Qi, Guanya Guo, Shuoyi Ma, Keshuai Sun, Fangfang Yang, Yinan Hu, Chunmei Yang, Lina Cui, Yulong Shang, Changcun Guo, Boquan Jin, Lei Guan, Jingbo Wang, Wen Ning, Ying Han","doi":"10.1038/s41392-025-02162-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-025-02162-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adult stem cell therapy holds great promise for treating decompensated liver cirrhosis on the basis of animal studies, despite uncertainty about its clinical therapeutic efficacy and unclear underlying mechanisms. Here, we investigated the role of follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1), a profibrotic and proinflammatory matricellular protein, in inflammation-related heterogeneity in stem cell therapy. Our results showed that a high level of circulating FSTL1 is significantly correlated with therapeutic response in patients with cirrhosis. FSTL1 facilitated MSC-mediated early recruitment of Ly6C⁺ inflammatory macrophages within 24 h postinfusion, which was essential for the empowerment of MSCs and subsequent Ly6C⁻CX3CR1⁺ macrophage remodelling at 48 h postinfusion. <i>Fstl1</i> deficiency abrogated early macrophage recruitment and effective Ly6C⁻CX3CR1⁺ macrophage accumulation, resulting in the poor antifibrotic effect of MSCs in mice. Whereas, recombinant FSTL1 protein restored the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in CCl₄-injured <i>Fstl1</i>^<i>+/−</i> mice. Mechanistically, host FSTL1 enhanced rapid recycling of CCR2 to the membrane via activation of the CD14/TLR4/NF-κB/<i>ATP6V1G2</i> axis, leading to early recruitment of Ly6C⁺ monocytes /macrophages. Taken together, our findings revealed that FSTL1 is a critical regulator of the fibrotic immune microenvironment and facilitates subsequent stem cell therapy. These data suggest that FSTL1 could serve as a predictive biomarker of stem cell therapy response in patients with liver cirrhosis.</p><figure></figure>","PeriodicalId":21766,"journal":{"name":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}