Jennifer Arnold, Niranjan Vijayakumar, Philip Levy
{"title":"Advanced imaging and modeling in neonatal simulation","authors":"Jennifer Arnold, Niranjan Vijayakumar, Philip Levy","doi":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Advances in modeling and imaging have resulted in realistic tools that can be applied to education and training, and even direct patient care. These include point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), 3-dimensional and digital anatomic modeling, and extended reality. These technologies have been used for the preparation of complex patient care through simulation-based clinical rehearsals, direct patient care such as the creation of patient devices and implants, and for simulation-based education and training for health professionals, patients and families. In this section, we discuss these emerging technologies and describe how they can be utilized to improve patient care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21761,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in perinatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71522596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catherine L. Chang , Nicolle Fernández Dyess , Lindsay C. Johnston
{"title":"Simulation in a blended learning curriculum for neonatology","authors":"Catherine L. Chang , Nicolle Fernández Dyess , Lindsay C. Johnston","doi":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Blended learning is a learner-centered educational method that combines online and traditional face-to-face educational strategies. Simulation is a commonly utilized platform for experiential learning<span> and an ideal component of a blended learning curriculum. This section describes blended learning, including its strengths and limitations, educational frameworks, uses within health professions education, best practices, and challenges. Also included is a brief introduction to simulation-based education, along with theoretical and real-world examples of how simulation may be integrated into a blended learning curriculum. Examples of blended learning in Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, specifically within the </span></span>Neonatal Resuscitation Program<span>, procedural skills training, and the National Neonatology Curriculum, are reviewed.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21761,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in perinatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41150974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Telesimulation for neonatal resuscitation training","authors":"Jennifer L. Fang , Rachel A. Umoren","doi":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Telesimulation uses telecommunication and simulation to educate and assess remote learners, obviating the need for instructors or learners to travel off site. Telesimulation increases access to and convenience of simulation-based education for sites that do not have formal simulation centers, including rural/remote areas. Telesimulation is feasible, improves knowledge and skills, and is favorably received by learners and instructors. In general, telesimulation has been shown to be effective for neonatal resuscitation training, even in low- and middle-income countries. Post telesimulation debriefing, termed teledebriefing, requires many of the skills of in-person debriefing, and teledebriefing can optimize learning by exposing learners to content experts in geographically distant sites or from specialties not available locally. When implementing telesimulation for neonatal resuscitation training, key considerations include program design, telecommunication platform, pre-telesimulation preparation, and teledebriefing. Additional research is needed to identify whether lessons learned during telesimulation translate to clinical practice and impact patient outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21761,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in perinatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41136865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neonatal airway management training using simulation-based educational methods and technology","authors":"Nadya Yousef , Lamia Soghier","doi":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Airway management is a fundamental component of neonatal critical care and requires a high level of skill. Neonatal </span>endotracheal intubation (ETI), bag-mask ventilation, and supraglottic airway management are complex technical skills to acquire and continually maintain. Simulation training has emerged as a leading educational modality to accelerate the acquisition of airway management skills and train interprofessional teams. However, current simulation-based training does not always replicate neonatal airway management needed for patient care with a high level of fidelity. Educators still rely on clinical training on live patients. In this article, we will a) review the importance of simulation-based neonatal airway training for learners and clinicians, b) evaluate the available training modalities, instructional design, and challenges for airway procedural skill acquisition, especially neonatal ETI, and c) describe the human factors affecting the transfer of airway training skills into the clinical environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21761,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in perinatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41150644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation for communication training in neonatology","authors":"Sara Munoz-Blanco , Renee Boss","doi":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Communication skills training is a core competency for neonatal-perinatal medicine (NPM) fellows, yet many neonatology<span> fellowship programs do not have formal communication skills curricula. Since the late 1990s, experiential learning<span> that includes role-play and simulation has become the standard for communication training. NPM fellows who receive simulation-based communication skills training report greater comfort with difficult conversations in the NICU. Most communication skills studies in neonatology focus on antenatal counseling, with some studies regarding family meetings and end of life conversations. Published examples for simulation-based communication skills curricula exist, with ideas for adapting them to meet the needs of local resources.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21761,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in perinatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41162937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Outpatient management of established bronchopulmonary dysplasia: An update","authors":"Anita Bhandari, Stamatia Alexiou","doi":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>As the incidence of infants with bronchopulmonary dyspasia (BPD) has continued to rise, so has their rate of survival. Their medical management is often complex and requires the use of numerous therapies such as steroids, bronchodilators, </span>diuretics<span><span> and modalities to deliver supplemental oxygen and positive pressure. It also requires multi-disciplinary care to ensure adequate growth and to optimize neurodevelopmental outcomes. This review aims to discuss the most widely used therapies in the treatment of patients with established BPD. The focus will be on ongoing outpatient (post-neonatal intensive care) management of children with BPD. Since many of the mentioned therapies lack solid evidence to support their use, more high quality research, such as </span>randomized controlled trials, is needed to assess their effectiveness using defined outcomes.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21761,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in perinatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41150645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rita M. Ryan , Devashis Mukherjee , Stephanie Ford , Krithika Lingappan
{"title":"Pharmacotherapy of BPD: Current status & future perspectives","authors":"Rita M. Ryan , Devashis Mukherjee , Stephanie Ford , Krithika Lingappan","doi":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a disease exclusive to prematurity and has changed in its definition since Northway first described it in 1967. There have been countless </span>clinical trials<span> evaluating the efficacy of drugs<span> in the treatment and prevention of BPD in human subjects, and an even larger number of animal studies. Despite these, only a handful of drugs are used at the bedside today, primarily due to the lack of consistent efficacy seen in clinical trials or due to reports of adverse effects. This review summarizes the list of the most commonly used drugs and emerging new therapies which target BPD and BPD-related pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH), including those which have shown promise in human trials but are not yet used routinely.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21761,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in perinatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41128331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of oxygen in the development and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia","authors":"J.X. Sotiropoulos , J.L. Oei","doi":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oxygen (O<sub>2</sub><span><span>) is crucial for both the development and treatment of one of the most important consequences of prematurity: </span>bronchopulmonary dysplasia<span> (BPD). In fetal life, the hypoxic environment is important for alveolar development and maturation. After birth, O</span></span><sub>2</sub> becomes a double-edged sword. While O<sub>2</sub><span> is needed to prevent hypoxia<span><span>, it also causes oxidative stress leading to a plethora of morbidities, including </span>retinopathy and BPD. The advent of continuous O</span></span><sub>2</sub><span> monitoring with pulse oximeters has allowed clinicians to recognize the narrow therapeutic margins of oxygenation for the preterm infant, but more knowledge is needed to understand what these ranges are at different stages of the preterm infant's life, including at birth, in the neonatal intensive care unit and after hospital discharge. Future research, especially in innovative technologies such as automated O</span><sub>2</sub><span> control and remote oximetry, will improve the understanding and treatment of the O</span><sub>2</sub> needs of infants with BPD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21761,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in perinatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41102884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetics of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: An update","authors":"Pascal M. Lavoie , Jonathan H. Rayment","doi":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a multi-factorial disease that results from multiple clinical factors, including lung immaturity, </span>mechanical ventilation, </span>oxidative stress<span>, pulmonary congestion due to increasing cardiac blood shunting, nutritional and immunological factors. Twin studies have indicated that susceptibility to BPD can be strongly inherited in some settings. Studies have reported associations between common genetic variants and BPD in preterm infants. Recent genomic studies have highlighted a potential role for molecular pathways involved in inflammation and lung development in affected infants. Rare mutations in genes encoding the lipid transporter ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A, member 3 (</span></span><em>ABCA3</em><span><span> gene) which is involved in surfactant synthesis in alveolar type II cells, as well as </span>surfactant protein B (</span><em>SFTPB</em>) and C (<em>SFTPC</em><span>) can also result in severe form of neonatal-onset interstitial lung diseases and may also potentially affect the course of BPD. This chapter summarizes the current state of knowledge on the genetics of BPD.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":21761,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in perinatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41140447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}