{"title":"FLORISTIC DIVERSITY, DISTRIBUTION AND ETHNO-TAXONOMICAL STUDIES ON ARBOREAL MEMBERS OF FAMILY ROSACEAE IN DISTRICT POONCH (J. & K.), INDIA","authors":"R. Mughal, M. Sheikh","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2022.4210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2022.4210","url":null,"abstract":"Poonch district of Jammu and Kashmir have diverse climatic zones ranging from subtropical to temperate climate and rich in biodiversity. The objective of this research was to explore the distribution, taxonomical as well as ethnobotanical significance of different arboreal members of the family Rosaceae of this region. The distribution of this woody angiospermic floral group was found with an altitude range between 900 and 3500 m above sea level. The plant habit of this group varied from the shrub e.g., Cotoneaster microphyllus (0.5 to 1 m tall) up-to the tall tree e.g., Prunus domestica (12 m tall). Authors collected a sum of twelve (12) genera with twenty six (26) species consisting 13 shrubs and 13 tree species. Furthermore, out of 26 species, only Cotoneaster microphyllus, Eriobotrya japonica and Rubus ellipticus were evergreen, while the rest all deciduous with an account of 9 species as native and 17 species as exotic.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123094188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"WETLANDS OF MALDAH DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL (INDIA)","authors":"S. Kumar, P. Gupta","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2022.4215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2022.4215","url":null,"abstract":"Fifty five wetlands comprising bils (32), dighis (7), jhils (2), pond/pukur (8) and rivers (6) distributed in 13 administrative blocks of Maldah district were surveyed and characteristic features were studied for occurrence of different types of aquatic plants, their categories and local environmental conditions. During the study, altogether 37 aquatic plant species were identified, belonging to Algae and Bryophytes (one species each), 3 species to Pteridophytes and 32 species to Angiosperms (7 species to Monocots and 25 species to Dicots). Depending upon occurrence of these plants in and along the wetlands, they have been categorized into 5 categories namely freefloating and bottom rooted floating (7 species each), submerged and emergent (6 species each) and littoral (constitutes 11 species). Occurrence of free floating Azolla pinnata R.Br. having symbiotic relationship with Anabaena azollae Strasb. in a few wetlands was remarkable. Besides, most of the observed wetlands have either been extinct and/or on the verge of extinction, needs for their restoration and protection to save the aquatic biodiversity (including micro flora and fauna).","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117257273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Medicinal Fruit Lapsi Choerospondias axillaris Roxburgh, 1832 (B. L. Burtt & A. W. Hill) Enhances Fish Growth and Immunity in Aquaculture","authors":"S. N. Labh, S. Shakya, B. Kayastha","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2019.1101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2019.1101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114253744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FARMERS’ AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION ABOUT LIVESTOCK INSURANCE IN DHANUSHA DISTRICT, NEPAL","authors":"A. Jha, O. Singh","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2021.3125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2021.3125","url":null,"abstract":": A study on farmers' awareness and perception about livestock insurance was conducted in Janakpur sub metropolitan city of Dhanusha district, Nepal with a sample of 120 households, 60 insured and 60 non-insured households through interview schedule, focus group discussion and key informant interview. Results revealed that the majority of the respondents' altogether (83%) have knowledge about livestock insurance. About 82 % among non-insured and 32% among insured respondents were not acquainted with premium and subsidy schemes. Around 60% of insured respondents stated that Insurance Company as primary source of awareness while 69% of non-insured respondents stated Radio/TV as main source of awareness. Farmers were found well satisfied with current valuation techniques of animals and the subsidy policy of the government but were disappointed with claim procedure; requirements of documents and the time taken by insurance companies to settle the claim. Diseases were found to be a major risk associated with the farmers. Documentation procedure (p=0.04), membership by the farmers in any organizations / groups (p=0.034), farmers contact with extension personnel (p=0.025) and knowledge on premium subsidy (p=0.005) were perceived as key factors influencing the adoption of livestock insurance. Illiteracy and limited awareness about the available facilities and publicity of schemes were found to be major constraints for not joining the livestock insurance. Policy makers should focus on proper mechanisms for publicity of the premium and subsidy schemes and finding a proper channel to ease the claim procurement process to increase the adoption of livestock insurance.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124611414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TICK-BORNE BACTERIAL PATHOGENS OF LIVESTOCK AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES","authors":"Poonam, Tejpal Dahiya","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2023.5110.","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2023.5110.","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern world, ticks are considered to be second only to mosquitoes as a vector of various infectious diseases in livestock as well as in humans. Most tick species preferred suitable environmental conditions and typography that establish distribution and consequently increase the risk areas for different tick-borne diseases. They have a vectorial capacity to transmit and consider reservoirs of pathogens that cause direct damage to the host during blood-feeding and through the secretion of toxins present in the saliva of the animal. The main consequence of the tick primarily depends on the different pathogens they can transmit like bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and helminths. This review explains the various aspects of tick biology, vector competence, and tick microbiome identification, mainly focused on bacterial pathogens, techniques or methods used for their characterization, and different bacterial diseases associated with it, as well as pharmaceuticals used against ticks and ticks-borne pathogens.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124729661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS FOR POPULATION VIA CONSUMPTION OF PULSES AND CEREALS","authors":"M. Mir, S. Arya, A. Kak","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2020.2222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2020.2222","url":null,"abstract":": Plants absorb a number of elements from the soil, some of which have no biological significance while some are biologically toxic even at low concentration. The objective of present study was to assess the concentration of heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Ni and Pb) in edible cereals like multi colored rajma, white rajma, red rajma, red moong, white beans, black beans, local rice, mustard (oil yielding crop), white moong and wheat grown in the farmlands of Ganderbal and Srinagar district of Kashmir. The maximum concentration of heavy metals i.e. iron 4.73±0.02 ppm in red moong, copper 0.86±0.02 ppm in white beans, zinc 0.092±0.02 ppm in black beans, cadmium 0.03±0.01 ppm white rajma and black beans, mercury 0.32±0.01 ppm in white beans, nickel 1.33±0.02 ppm in multi colored rajma and lead 0.16±0.06 ppm in local rice were recorded. The results revealed that heavy metal concentrations were under the acceptable limits of WHO and FAO standards, hence it can be concluded that edible pulses and cereals that are growing in Ganderbal and Srinagar are not dangerous for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126793949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EFFECT OF KITCHEN WASTES AND ANIMAL DUNG ON REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF EUTYPHOEUS WALTONI","authors":"N. Siddiqui, Keshav Singh","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2023.5106.","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2023.5106.","url":null,"abstract":"Earthworms are known to be an excellent biological source that recovers plant nutrients from the organic wastes. With the synergistic action of these earthworms along with bacteria, conversion of organic wastes into nutrient rich bio-fertilizer occurs through vermicomposting or vermistabilization, which is a cost efficient, eco-friendly and simple biotechnological process. During this process, important nutrients including nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and calcium are released and converted into more soluble and easily available forms to plants by microbial action. The present review focuses on the effect of different combinations of animal dung with kitchen wastes on the reproductive potential of earthworm Eutyphoeus waltoni as well as bioconversion of kitchen wastes mixed with animal wastes into humus rich manure.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125541121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EXPRESSION OF IMMUNE GENES AND STRESS ENZYME PROFILES OF RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) FED MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAF MEAL (MLM)","authors":"S. N. Labh","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2020.2212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2020.2212","url":null,"abstract":": Moringa oleifera belongs to family Moringaceae, is one in every of the foremost useful trees within the world, with all the parts having nutritional and pharmacological properties. This research evaluated the impact of categorized nutritive insertion of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) on survival, growth, and antioxidant systems, with a few immune-related organic phenomena in rainbow trout. Fish diets formulated (M0, M10, M20, M30, and M40) to contain 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of MLM as protein source supplemented with fish meal respectively. The rainbow trout fishes (6.57± 0.56 g) were randomly distributed into 15 plastic tanks (n=15) and fed the same (twice daily) for 90 days. Growth parameters (WG%, SGR, and FCR), serum protein contents (TSP, TSA, TSG, and A: G), enzyme contents (SOD, CAT, GPx, AST, ALT) and organic phenomena, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF- α genes were studied, compared to β -actin genes followed by blood morphology of trout. Fish fed MLM accompanied diet showed higher weight gain (349.31%) and SGR (1.35) and minimum FCR (1.33) values up to M20 (20%) group of fish fed MLM diet compared with control fish. Protein profile in blood and enzyme-like SOD, CAT, and GPx found higher while lower AST and ALT recorded altogether the treated groups compared to regulate. Similarly, MLM supplemented diets fed fish exhibited the expression of immune genes. Interleukin -6, Interleukin -8 and Interleukin -10 found significantly high ( P < 0.05) compared to β -actin gene. Finally, this research showed that dietary supplementation of 20% MLM is perfect for effective growth performance, enhancing the antioxidant activities and answering some immune performance in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ).","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130425310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A STUDY ON AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY OF SHUTHI-SHAIDULI RIVER OF BANGLADESH","authors":"B. Chakraborty, S. Bhattacharjee, S. Muniya","doi":"10.46505/IJBI.2021.3104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3104","url":null,"abstract":": A total number of 88 species (78 fishes, 4 prawns, 1 crab, 1 snail and 4 reptiles) were identified from the Shuthi-Shaiduli River and its flood plains. About 10 types of operative fishing gear and craft were found in the river. Increasing rates of using current jaal (23.00-30.10%) and Kapuri jaal (17.60-20.90%) were identified as detrimental gear used to kill the different species during four years. A common increasing trend of using current jaal, Kapuri jaal (seine net) and FAD (fish aggregating device) were identified as detrimental gear killing different species between 2016 and 2019 . The fish productivity decreased dramatically from 139.32±7.77 to 114.00±3.88 mt within four years and the total production percentage (%) also sharply decreased from 7.97% to 18.17% over the same period. As a result, commercially important 5 aquatic species namely nandina ( Labeo nandina ), olive barb ( Puntius sarana ), gazar ( Channa marulius ) and reptiles ( Lissemys punctata and Kachuga tecta ) were extinct, 17 commercially important aquatic species were at the edge of extinction (critically endangered, CR), 6 species endangered (EN), 25 species vulnerable status (VU), three species were identified as at lower risk (LR) and only two species of the river were not threatened (NT) in position between 2016 and 2019 in the river.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133844319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diversity of Parthenium hysterophorus and associated weeds in the Chitrakoot District","authors":"P. Tripathi, R. Chandra","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2019.1203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2019.1203","url":null,"abstract":": Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Carrot grass) is an annual herb of neotropical origin that now has a serious problem and pantropical distribution. It was first reported in India in 1950 at Pune (Maharashtra). This weed is very aggressive and commonly known as Congress grass and carrot grass in India. It has achieved major weed status in India within a relatively short period of time. P. hysterophorus is grown mostly in cultivated fields, fallow lands, pasture and along the roadsides. To analyse the distribution of this weed in Chitrakoot district an exhaustive survey was performed in the holly place of Uttar Pradesh like Rajapur, Pahadi, Karwi and M.G.C.G.V. campus. During survey, the distribution of P. hysterophorus was measured in the agricultural lands, road side, river side and fallow lands. Moreover, the study also investigated the harmful effect of Parthenium upon native weeds and flora in the Chitrakoot district. Quadrates method (1mx1m) was used to collect the data of distribution and population of this weed. In this investigation, total 14 weed species were recorded belonging to 8 different families and 14 genera. The data were recorded by Absolute density (m2), relative density (%), absolute frequency (%), relative frequency (%) and importance value (%) of Parthenium and other associated weeds. The finding reveals that Parthenium weed is the most dominant species in comparison to other associated weeds. In conclusion, the Parthenium weed become a serious problem and replaces the entire native flora in the non-crop area. Due to no proper management and high growth rate, nowadays it becomes as super weed in the Chitrakoot district. So, the management of Parthenium weed requires the call attention from the Government Policy makers and proper quarantine inspection to conserve the native flora and fields crops to get maximum crop yield.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129245512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}