{"title":"POLYMORPHISM AMONG DIFFERENT FAMILIES OF DIPTERAN ORDER: COMPARISON OF RAPD DATA","authors":"N. Bajpai","doi":"10.46505/IJBI.2021.3107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3107","url":null,"abstract":": Random amplified polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR) data was compared to assess heterozygosity and genetic variability among different members belonging to family Muscidae, Sarcophagidae and Tephritidae. The present review compiles data obtained by ten different RAPD primers. The result shows that M. domestica belonging to the family Muscidae have higher heterozygosity value than members belonging to the family Sarcophagidae and Tephritidae which could be depicted by the fact that Musca flies have more prominent population thickness.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131629713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION OF IN-VITRO BIOACCESSIBILITY OF CHROMIUM IN PLAYGROUND SOILS OF ANCIENT BELL METAL INDUSTRIAL TOWN, KHAGRA, WEST BENGAL","authors":"T. Laha, S. Balachandran, R. E. Masto","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2023.5111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2023.5111","url":null,"abstract":"Present study was designed to study the seasonal variation of Chromium (Cr) in playground soil of Khagra City located in West Bengal, India from 16 different playgrounds. Sequential extraction techniques had been carried out to evaluate the relative dispersal of Cr in exchangeable, carbonate, Fe-Mn oxide, and organic bound as well as residual fractions. The −1 Pseudo total concentration of Cr had its average value of 19.85±7.94 mg kg in pre-monsoon and −1 in case of post-monsoon an average of 115.17±192.17 mg kg . Sequential extraction was performed to evaluate the bioavailable fraction. Cr was mostly associated with residual phase (F5). Mean mobility factor (MF) for Cr in playground soil of Khagra was only 5.02 %. Geo-chemical indices such as Enrichment factor (EF), Geo-accumulation index (I ) and Contamination factor geo (CF), Ecological risk (ER) indicated very low pollution levels. Bioaccessible-Cr was most 2 2 significantly correlated (R ≥ 0.85) in pre-monsoon and (R ≥ 0.98) post-monsoon indicated, when the total amount of Cr is increased leading to increase in bioaccessible fraction.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129726543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vinod K. Verma, N. Gupta, Saurabh Mishra, Anuradha Kalani
{"title":"THE TOXICITY OF ESSENTIAL ELEMENT (Zn) IN THE BLOOD PROFILE OF FRESH WATER TELEOST, CLARIAS BATRACHUS","authors":"Vinod K. Verma, N. Gupta, Saurabh Mishra, Anuradha Kalani","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2023.5109.","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2023.5109.","url":null,"abstract":"Minerals such as zinc (Zn) are abundant in the Earth's crust, serving as cofactors for a variety of proteins and modulating immune functions, however, in high doses, it might cause toxic effects on the body. This study examined the effects of excessive Zn concentrations on fish hematological parameters. The authors employed fresh water fishes Clarias batrachus as an experimental model and treated them with three different concentrations of Zn. The treatment with Zn was done for total 28 days and hematological parameters were assessed at different time intervals. As compared to control, Zn treated fishes showed considerable changes in hematological parameters such as, Haemoglobin (Hb), total erythrocyte counts (TEC), total leucocytes count (TLC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). The present study showed that exposure to Zn could be linked to chronic and acute hematological toxicity in fishes in time and dose-dependent manner.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131321394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF IODINE IN DIFFERENT SAMPLES USING 2, 8-DIMETHYL-3, 7-DIAMINOPHENAZINE FOR AN ENVIRONMENTAL FAVORABLE APPROACH","authors":"Sachi Singh, S. Agarwal, S. Yadav","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2021.3224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2021.3224","url":null,"abstract":"An environmental favorable spectrophotometric approach is proposed for the analysis of iodine. The tactic includes oxidation of iodine to iodate, IO with bromine water and therefore the 3 liberation of free iodine from the iodate by addition of iodide in acidic medium pH 4 ± 0.2. The liberated iodine bleaches the pinkish red color of 2,8-dimethyl-3,7-diaminophenazine. The decrease in the intensity of the colour of the dye was measured at 530 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 2-13 μg of iodine. The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity of the 5 -1 -1 -5 -2 colour system in 1.90 x 10 l mol cm and 66.78 x 10 m were optimized and the method has been applied for the determination of iodine in tap water and soil.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128300147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A NOTE ON HEPATITIS VIRUSES CAUSING CANCER IN HUMAN","authors":"M. Masroor, S. Parween, M. Salim, I. Prajapati","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2020.2207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2020.2207","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis is an inflammation of liver mainly caused by the infection of hepatitis viruses as A, B and C. Chronic infection of these viruses produces liver cancer, most commonly known as the hepatocellular carcinoma (HC). This is a kind aggressive tumor formed in liver due to the infection of these viruses. Since, the understanding of these viruses with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma is essential for the future design of treatment, the present short communication highlighted the risk factors for infection and hepatocarcinogenesis of hepatitis viruses. The present paper is also an attempt to make the people aware of the fact that chronic viral hepatitis infection in human might cause liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma developed in future.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123504888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IMPACT OF SOUND POLLUTION ON ANIMAL AND HUMAN HEALTH","authors":"Wahied Khawar Balwan, Neelam Saba","doi":"10.46505/IJBI.2021.3105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3105","url":null,"abstract":": At present, noise pollution is considered as one of the key problems which have numerous detrimental effects on both physical and social environment. Noise menace has negative bearing on both health and environment. Right from the inception of human civilization, noise has always been there but it was never so evident, so ubiquitous, so varied and as pandemic as seen in the first decade of this century. The effect of noise pollution is comprehensive and consistent. Sound pollution or environmental noise, mainly caused by transportation and transport systems like vehicles i.e. trains, planes, and machines, music systems, megaphones and industries refers to a sound that is annoying, a nuisance or undesired for the ears and badly affect the activity or behavior of the animal and human life. Animals struggle to adapt to the noisy environment in the urban areas. They have developed a range of adaptive strategies available for mitigating the adverse effect of environment noise on their use of acoustic information. However, these adoptions are at the cost of energetic expenditure, increased risk of predation, or lost opportunity for preening, feeding or mating. Apparent consequences may reduce fecundity rates and ultimately threaten their viability or survival in the urban areas. This article provides an opportunity to understand how anthropogenic noise can affect patterns of animal movement, reproduction, social relations and communications.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115188113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Azolla as organic compost on cultivation of Sarpagandha Plants","authors":"N. Agnihotri","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2019.1106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2019.1106","url":null,"abstract":"Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex. Kurz.), a well known medicinal plant of family: Apocynaceae is used in therapeutics worldwide since ancient times. In present study, sarpagandha plants were treated with different doses of Azolla compost. After 400 days of cultivation, sarpagandha plants were studied for dry matter yield and chlorophyll contents. Azolla showed remarkable increase in dry matter yield as well as chlorophyll contents of sarpagandha. In culture medium, the effect of Azolla organic compost on the growth and composition of sarpagandha plants grown on soil-pot was analyzed that proved that in future, Azolla can be used as better source of organic compost for cultivation of medicinal plants.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116744888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF BACTERIAL GENES AND ENZYMES IN ORGANOPHOSPHATE DEGRADATION: A STEP TOWARDS ENHANCED BIOREMEDIATION","authors":"Priyanka, Anil Kumar, V. Chhokar, V. Beniwal","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2023.5112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2023.5112","url":null,"abstract":"The use of Organophosphates (OPs) as pesticides and insecticides increased after world war II, although organophosphates (OPs) are comparatively less persistent in the environment, but are highly toxic to animals. OP toxicity is causing a threat to biodiversity, hence it becomes essential to deal with the degradation of such compounds. Various techniques like photolysis, and chemical degradation have been used for OP degradation but these techniques are not costeffective and require ex-situ treatment, hence bioremediation is considered a potential alternative for OP degradation. Understanding the degradation pathways followed by different bacteria, genes and enzymes involved in such pathways can act as a step towards the development of an effective bioremediation technique for OP degradation. Recombinant biotechnology and protein engineering are used to develop designer bacteria, biocatalysts and enzymes with enhanced activity for OP-degrading bacteria. The present review highlights the bacterial degradation pathways, genes and enzymes involved in bioremediation pathways and new approaches for the development of OP bioremediation techniques.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120967565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ASSOCIATION OF THE APHIDS (INSECTA: HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) WITH MONOCOTS FLOWERING PLANTS IN INDIA","authors":"R. Singh, R. Agrawal","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2022.4203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2022.4203","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper deals with the association of aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) with the monocots flowering plant in India. The analysis of data revealed that only 7.66% of the total monocot species recorded in the world is known in India and amongst them only 6.55% (301 species) are associated with 181 species of the aphids. Poaceae is the most suffered family of the monocots by the aphid infestation (163 species of plants are associated with 142 species of aphids including earlier records) followed by Orchidaceae (36 species of plants are associated with 13 species of aphids), Cyperaceae (17 species of plants are associated with 27 species of aphids), Araceae (10 species of plants are associated with 17 species of aphids) and less than 10 species of plants in other families. In India, members of only 6 subfamilies of the aphids are associated with monocots flowering plants. Aphidinae is the largest (75 species) subfamily among them followed by Eriosomatinae (13 species), Hormaphidinae (7 species), Calaphidinae (4 species), Greenideinae (2 species) and Lachninae (single species) excluding the aphids listed earlier on Poaceae. Aphis (Aphis) gossypii Glover is the highly polyphagous species and feeds on 25 species of monocots belonging to 15 families excluding Poaceae of which it is associated with 6 species. Two species, Sitobion (Sitobion) indicum Basu and Sitobion (Sitobion) luteum (Buckton) are highly host specieifc and are associated with only 2 families, Orchidaceae and Cyperaceae.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"28 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116405038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}