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MICROPLASTICS AS AN EMERGING THREAT TO THE FRESHWATER FISHES: A REVIEW 微塑料对淡水鱼的新威胁:综述
International Journal of Biological Innovations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46505/ijbi.2022.4212
A. Verma, S. Prakash
{"title":"MICROPLASTICS AS AN EMERGING THREAT TO THE FRESHWATER FISHES: A REVIEW","authors":"A. Verma, S. Prakash","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2022.4212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2022.4212","url":null,"abstract":"In the present scenario, microplastics (MPs) are emitted into the environment either directly from the use of cosmetic products or indirectly from the decomposition of big plastic items. These are commonly found in aquatic environments and amongst the most serious threats to freshwater ecosystems. Plastic components are broken down into the small fragments from large fragments during the treatment procedure in treatment plants of wastewater. Such plants act as an entry point for the MPs into the aquatic ecosystem; so it is necessary that MPs must be removed from the wastewater during the treatment process. Microplastics can be consumed directly by fish or indirectly through prey that contains these particles. These MPs can have a variety of ecotoxicological consequences on fish, including behavioural changes, cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and liver stress, among other things. The presence of microplastics along with the contaminants can boost the deposition of such contaminants in aquatic biota. Since the microplastics are of emerging concern, hence authors attempted to explain the possible impacts of these particles on aquatic species and human beings.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129931510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Cadmium induced histopathological alterations in female gonad of freshwater bivalve mollusks, Lamellidens marginalis during summer season 镉对夏季淡水双壳类软体动物雌性性腺组织病理学的影响
International Journal of Biological Innovations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46505/ijbi.2019.1207
S. Yasmeen
{"title":"Cadmium induced histopathological alterations in female gonad of freshwater bivalve mollusks, Lamellidens marginalis during summer season","authors":"S. Yasmeen","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2019.1207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2019.1207","url":null,"abstract":": The study was aimed to investigate the effect of cadmium on the gonad in female fresh water bivalve mollusks, Lamellidens marginalis . The experiment was carried out on the bivalves collected from Kutluq Lake, Daultabad, district Aurangabad of Maharashtra, India from January 2018 to December 2018. The histolopathological findings include partial disruption of ovarian follicle, vacuolation of germinal cells cytoplas m and damaged inter follicular connective tissue. The cytomorphological structure of ovarian follicles got deformed and elongated, losing their typical configuration. Necrosis and fibrosis in the connective tissue and damage to yolk vesicles of maturing sites were observed. at the extreme stress condition which exhibits physiologically defined limitations, reflected predominantly in the structural architecture of various tissues of the animal. Traces of toxicants introduced in the body be neutralized by immune system, but when high amount of toxicant enters, it affects the structure and function of different organs in the body of animal. Thus, histopathology is an extremely useful tool for assessing effects of toxicants at individual level. Their uncontrolled use may cause profound effects and a long term environmental impact on natural aquatic environments (Bellas et. al ., 2004). Pesticides may impair the functioning of organisms in aquatic environment even at low concentration.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130296987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Species Diversity of Indian Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) 印度蚜虫物种多样性(半翅目:蚜虫科)
International Journal of Biological Innovations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46505/ijbi.2019.1105
R. Singh, Garima Singh
{"title":"Species Diversity of Indian Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae)","authors":"R. Singh, Garima Singh","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2019.1105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2019.1105","url":null,"abstract":": The aphids are tiny sap sucking plant lice that not only infest agricultural and horticultural crops but also spread several viral diseases. They are very fascinating insects as these are thelytokous parthenogenetic viviparous, having short generation time and telescopic generation with polymorphism. Many species of aphids display complex life cycles with alternation of sexual and asexual generations and host plant alternation. Aphids are almost cosmopolitan in distribution, but are most common in temperate areas. Unlike many taxa, aphid species diversity is much lower in the tropics than in the temperate zones. They can migrate great distances, mainly through passive dispersal by winds. At present all true aphids belong to a single family Aphididae which consists of 24 subfamilies. Globally, 5109 species of aphids are described under 527 genera. In India, 794 species of aphids under 208 genera are reported out of which about 385 are endemic.The subfamily Aphidinae constitutes a monophyletic group within the family with about 3100 extant species worldwide with higher diversity in temperate regions. In India, 431 species under 105 genera of this subfamily are reported out of which 192 species are endemic. In this paper, distribution of extant aphid species in different taxa of Aphididae is described.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115744794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
BEHAVIOURAL RESPONSE IN FRESHWATER BIVALVE MOLLUSK, LAMELLIDENS MARGINALIS DUE TO ACUTE TOXICITY OF CADMIUM CHLORIDE 淡水双壳软体动物对氯化镉急性毒性的行为反应
International Journal of Biological Innovations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46505/IJBI.2021.3114
S. Yasmeen, T. Pathan
{"title":"BEHAVIOURAL RESPONSE IN FRESHWATER BIVALVE MOLLUSK, LAMELLIDENS MARGINALIS DUE TO ACUTE TOXICITY OF CADMIUM CHLORIDE","authors":"S. Yasmeen, T. Pathan","doi":"10.46505/IJBI.2021.3114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3114","url":null,"abstract":": The experiment was carried out on the fresh water bivalve mollusk, Lamellidens marginalis during January 2019 to December 2020 to study the behavioural changes. The behavioural changes were recorded in this bivalve when subjected to mean LC concentrations of 50 cadmium chloride for different exposure periods. Different physiological and morphological changes were observed in experimental animals including protective response, foot movements and its secretion, response to external stimuli and mucus secretion.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133857169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
IMPACT OF DISTILLERY EFFLUENT ON INDIAN MAJOR CARP, CIRRHINUS MRIGALA 酒厂污水对印度主要鲤鱼的影响
International Journal of Biological Innovations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46505/ijbi.2021.3124
Vijay Singh
{"title":"IMPACT OF DISTILLERY EFFLUENT ON INDIAN MAJOR CARP, CIRRHINUS MRIGALA","authors":"Vijay Singh","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2021.3124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2021.3124","url":null,"abstract":"Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala was exposed to sublethal concentration (1.5%) of distillery effluent for up to 72 hours to evaluate haematological and biochemical changes in some tissues. . The haematological parameters like RBC counts, WBC counts and haemoglobin %, were decreased whereas lymphocytes increased in distillery effluent exposed fishes. During exposure, level of free amino acids increased in liver, kidney, muscles and gills but there was gradual decrease in protein and glycogen content distillery effluent exposed fish with reference to control levels. The significant alteration in the levels of free amino acids, protein and glycogen contents in different tissues of distillery effluent exposed fish was due to break down of glycogen and protein to fulfill additional energy requirement during stress conditions. The fish species is therefore recommended as a good bio indicator for the risk assessment of aquatic environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121417606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
MACROPHYTES AS BIOINDICATOR IN BICHHIYA RIVER, REWA (M.P.), INDIA 印度rewa (m.p.)比奇亚河大型植物的生物指示
International Journal of Biological Innovations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46505/ijbi.2020.2104
Srishti Singh, Suman Singh
{"title":"MACROPHYTES AS BIOINDICATOR IN BICHHIYA RIVER, REWA (M.P.), INDIA","authors":"Srishti Singh, Suman Singh","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2020.2104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2020.2104","url":null,"abstract":": The present study was aimed to analyze the macrophytes as bioindicators in Bichhiya River at Rewa. The study was conducted over a period of one year from January 2019 to December 2019 at 3 different sampling stations selected for the purpose in Rewa, a district of Madhya Pradesh, India. The physico-chemical parameters of water such as temperature, pH, DO, BOD, COD, hardness which are most useful for the prediction of distribution of macrophytes were analysed. A sum of 30 species of macrophytes was identified. Presence of macrophytes (1) reflects the nutrients enrichment and organic loading and (2) indicates the water pollution. Abundance and high density of Ceratophyllum demersum, Nitella hyalina, Chara vulgaris, Potamogeton pectinata indicated the enrichment of nutrients and high organic loading.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114689589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
HOLISTIC SURVEY ON PREDATORY LADYBIRD BEETLE DIVERSITY AT SELECTED REGIONS OF NASHIK DISTRICT (MAHARASHTRA), INDIA 印度马哈拉施特拉邦纳西克地区捕食性瓢虫甲虫多样性的整体调查
International Journal of Biological Innovations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46505/ijbi.2020.2108
S. Yasmeen, Punam Dugaje
{"title":"HOLISTIC SURVEY ON PREDATORY LADYBIRD BEETLE DIVERSITY AT SELECTED REGIONS OF NASHIK DISTRICT (MAHARASHTRA), INDIA","authors":"S. Yasmeen, Punam Dugaje","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2020.2108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2020.2108","url":null,"abstract":": A survey was conducted during January 2016 to December 2017 in four sites of Nashik to study the diversity of the predatory beetles. During the present study, a total of 14 species belonging to 11 genera and 4 subfamilies were recorded from the area studied. Subfamily Chilorinae is represented by 2 species belonging to 2 genera, Subfamily Coccinellinae by 8 species belonging 6 genera, Subfamily Scymninae by 2 species belonging to 2 genera and Subfamily Sticholotidinae by 2 species belonging to the same single genus from the different sites of the study area. The Subfamily Coccinellinae was the most variant and abundant among all the four subfamilies.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124740064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
STUDY OF WADERS DIVERSITY IN THE CATCHMENT AREA OF UJANI RESERVOIR, SOLAPUR DISTRICT (MS), INDIA 印度solapur区ujani水库集水区涉禽多样性研究
International Journal of Biological Innovations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46505/ijbi.2020.2225
D. Kumbhar, D. K. Mhaske
{"title":"STUDY OF WADERS DIVERSITY IN THE CATCHMENT AREA OF UJANI RESERVOIR, SOLAPUR DISTRICT (MS), INDIA","authors":"D. Kumbhar, D. K. Mhaske","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2020.2225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2020.2225","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was an attempt to access and evaluate the status and distribution of waders associated to wetlands of Ujani Reservoir with special reference to north west region. Waders are the birds generally observed along shorelines and mudflats that wade in order to forage for food in mud or sand. Ujani wetlands provide feeding and roosting grounds for resident and migratory waders. This study was conducted from December 2015 to November 2017 including seasonal visits to five wetland sites i.e. Kumbhargaon, Diksal, Kondhar-Chincholii, Rajegaon (Bhigwan) and Khanota. During study, about 38 species of waders were identified belonging to 14 families viz. Ardeidae, Charadriidae, Ciconiidae, Jacanidae, Laridae, Rallidae, Motacillidae, Phalacrocoracidae, Phoenicopteridae, Recurvirostridae, Rostratulidae, Scolopacidae, Threskiornithidae and Glariolidae.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124848503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
DETECTION OF POLLUTANTS PRESENT IN THE SURFACE WATER OF AYAD RIVER, UDAIPUR, RAJASTHAN 拉贾斯坦邦乌代普尔阿亚德河地表水中污染物的检测
International Journal of Biological Innovations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46505/ijbi.2021.3123
Vinay Kalal, Manjeet N. Giri, S. Baskar, R. Kuba
{"title":"DETECTION OF POLLUTANTS PRESENT IN THE SURFACE WATER OF AYAD RIVER, UDAIPUR, RAJASTHAN","authors":"Vinay Kalal, Manjeet N. Giri, S. Baskar, R. Kuba","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2021.3123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2021.3123","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on detection of pollutants in the Ayad River flowing through Udaipur city in Rajasthan (India). Water samples from three different locations of the river were collected and analyzed over a period of three months from June 2020 to August 2020 to determine the water quality on various parameters such as Total Hardness, Total Dissolved Solids, Chloride, Sulphate, Fluoride, Iron, pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO) etc. The highest pH value recorded was 8.96, the lowest DO was 1.10 mg/l, and the highest values of COD and BOD were found to be 480.0 mg/l and 162.0 mg/l respectively. It was observed that the water at the location where the industrial effluents were discharged into the river was more polluted as compared to the other two locations with respect to most of the parameters.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124750342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT COMPETENCY LEVEL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION ADVISORS IN FEDERAL NEPAL 评估尼泊尔联邦农业推广顾问目前的能力水平
International Journal of Biological Innovations Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46505/ijbi.2022.4125
O. Singh, Roshan Mehta
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT COMPETENCY LEVEL OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION ADVISORS IN FEDERAL NEPAL","authors":"O. Singh, Roshan Mehta","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2022.4125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2022.4125","url":null,"abstract":"In the present context of 21st century, modernization in the agriculture sector demands a higher level of competency to fulfill the needs and wants of people around the globe. Competency is amalgamation of skills, knowledge, attitude and behavior that trigger to perform the delegated services in a precise and systematic manner. The objective of this study was to determine the existing competency level of extension advisors of Nepalese extension service. Total 6 districts from province 1, 2 and Bagmati were selected for the study based on a questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of open and close-ended questions including the nine core competencies. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the findings. The findings indicated respondent competency in its all nine core competencies namely program planning, program implementation, communication skills, extension education and information technology, program evaluation, personal and professional development, diversity, subject matter expertise and emotional intelligence as moderately competent in general. The extension advisors perceived most competent in extension education and information technology and poor in pluralism in agriculture. Subject matter expertise, extension education and information technology skills are getting better with increase in educational level. Current level of core competency of program planning, program implementation skills, communication skills, personal and professional development and pluralism were found to have increased with increased years of experience. The exposure visit and inservice training are effective methods for competencies acquisition.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115420758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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