{"title":"COVID-19: TOWARDS CONFRONTING AN UNPRECEDENTED PANDEMIC","authors":"Tamanna Kumari, V. Shukla","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2020.2101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2020.2101","url":null,"abstract":"rd Abstract: Latest 73 report of COVID-19 from national authorities to WHO by April 2, 2020, there are 896450 confirmed cases with 45526 deaths globally. 0 to 14 days is the average range of incubation period. Recent study from China Center for disease control (CDC) showed that most of the patients were asymptomatic in its early days of infection that leads to widespread of virus. Nosocomial transmission is another serious problem the world is facing with this public health crisis. Coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory and enteric disease in human and animals. These are round or oval and pleomorphic in shape. Limited information is present till now about COVID-19. It suggests that its infection ranges from previous coronavirus encounters. Here in this review we summarize all information present till date and also a brief comparison to SARS and MERS. This is to identify the gaps in knowledge to share resources to recover from COVID-19. It also includes pharmaceutical drugs that showed a negative impact on SARS-CoV- 2 in in-vitro studies that can be used for its treatment till a suitable vaccine candidate is available. The most important task at this hour is to find a vaccine for the infection. Moreover, the research needs to be conducted for finding measures to face this kind of challenges in future.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116556017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NESTING BEHAVIOUR AND CURRENT THREATS TO THE INDIAN SARUS CRANE AROUND ALWARA LAKE OF DISTRICT KAUSHAMBI (U.P.), INDIA","authors":"Amit Verma, S. Prakash","doi":"10.46505/IJBI.2021.3111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3111","url":null,"abstract":"The Indian Sarus crane (Grus antigone antigone) is a monogamous, graceful water bird, well known as an eternal symbol of unconditional love, devotion and good fortune with a high degree of marital fidelity. Its occurrence represents a healthy wetland ecosystem. A systematic study was conducted from June 2019 to May 2020 in the villages adjoining the Alwara Lake of district Kaushambi (Uttar Pradesh), India to explore the nesting behaviour and current threats to the Sarus crane. During the study, a total number of 43 nests were encountered in the study area. The nests were seen on large wetlands, uplands, paddy fields, scattered irrigation ditches, adjoining areas of Lake etc. around the human settlements. These birds preferred to use local flora in constructing the nests, many of them with medicinal values. The main threats include the egg destruction by predator animals and indirect anthropogenic activities; however farmers tolerate the cranes nesting in their productive sites, despite the considerable crop damage.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131053832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DIVERSITY OF SIMONID SPIDERS (ARANEAE: SALTICIDAE: SALTICINAE) IN INDIA","authors":"R. Singh, Garima Singh, Bindra Bihari Singh","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2020.2223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2020.2223","url":null,"abstract":": Keywords: Distribution of spiders belonging to 4 tribes of clade Simonida (Salticinae: Salticidae: Araneae) reported in India is dealt. The tribe Aelurillini (7 genera, 27 species) is represented in 16 states and in 2 union territories, Euophryini (10 genera, 16 species) in 14 states and in 4 union territories, Leptorchestini (2 genera, 3 species) only in 2 union territories, Plexippini (22 genera, 73 species) in all states except Mizoram and in 3 union territories, and Salticini (3 genera, 11 species) in 15 states and in 4 union terrioties. West Bengal harbours maximum number of species, followed by Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. Out of 129 species of the spiders listed, 70 species (54.3%) are endemic to India.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132229796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITIES AND BIODIVERSITY THREATS","authors":"S. Prakash, A. Verma","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2022.4110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2022.4110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130173056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AN UPDATED CHECKLIST OF SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE) OF GOA, INDIA","authors":"Rajendra Singh, B.B. Singh","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2022.4105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2022.4105","url":null,"abstract":"An updated checklist of spider diversity in Goa is presented herewith. A total of 173 species of spiders described under 128 genera belonging to 23 families are enlisted that have been recorded/described/located from all subdistricts of Goa. A total of 32 species recorded from Goa were identified only upto generic level. Most speciose family of spider recorded in Goa is Araneidae (37 species) followed by Salticidae (35 species), Thomisidae (20 species), Theriidae (14 species), Tetragnathidae (13 species) and other families with less than 10 species. The maximum number of spider species were recorded from Quepem subdistrict of South Goa (123 species), followed by Tiswadi (85 species), Ponda (36 species), Dharbandora (21 species), Salcete and Sanguem (19 species each), Canacona (17 species), Sattari (15 species), Bardez (12 species), Mormugao (7 species), Bicholim (5 species), and Pernem (3 species). Most of the national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, forest areas, agricultural fields, human dwellings etc. within the state still await intensive and extensive surveys to record the spider fauna.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116467572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON BALANCED ECOSYSTEM, BIODIVERSITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: AN OVERVIEW","authors":"A. Verma","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2021.3213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2021.3213","url":null,"abstract":"Earth's climate is always changing and the world is heating up. The increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere are causing the planet's climate system to retain more energy and therefore global warming. The main cause of global warming is anthropogenic. As a consequence, the dangers become big for our native plants, animals and humans as well. Nowadays, global warming and climate change are imparting an insurmountable challenge for the entire biota including humans. Natural ecosystems are one of our most precious resources, critical for sustaining life on the Earth. Healthy ecosystems and rich biodiversity are fundamental to life on our planet for sustainable development. Climate change is already influencing every region on Earth, in multiple ways. Some of such influences of climate change on the balanced ecosystem, biodiversity and sustainable development are discussed here.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134569269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PRUSSIC ACID CONTENT IN SOME CROP PLANTS WITH REFERENCE TO ITS TOXICITY TO GRAZING ANIMALS","authors":"R. Chillawar","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2021.3214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2021.3214","url":null,"abstract":"Production of prussic acid is the defense mechanism of plants against microbes and herbivores. Prussic acid or Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) is known to occur in some 2,700 plants in the global flora. It is produced after enzymatic hydrolysis. The grazing animals when they consume the cyanogenic plants in large quantities, they suffer from the cyanide poisoning. The symptoms of poisoning are anxiety, progressive weakness and labored breathing, followed by death. In the present study, the author estimated the prussic acid content in some important crop plants of Marathwada region in the state of Maharashtra, India. The semi-quantitative estimation was done with the help of a simple kit. The study is crucial to recognize toxicity of crop plants.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133750715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DECODING THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY AND SOCIAL MEDICINE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"W. K. Balwan, Wahied Khawar Balwan, Neelam Saba","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2021.3217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2021.3217","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 has proved to be a social disease due to its widespread diffusion in the general population across the globe. While socialization is a risk factor for the spread of the SARS-COV-2, health protection measures such as isolation and lockdown further aggravated the 'social' burden of COVID-19. Diseases with social impact require a management approach based on social medicine, integrating health, social and economic responses. Pandemics have significantly affected the economy of each country. Health, Education and political systems have also been drastically affected in each part of the country. To fight against pandemic, it demands multidimensional approaches consisting of various measures like surveillance, containment, isolation and quarantine, border restriction as well as various socio-political and community measures. Though the entire health workforce is involved at multiple levels, the role of a community medicine/public health expert is more significant in controlling its spread and managing the situation. This review has been done for giving an insight of proper utilisation of public health services and existing manpower of community medicine. Also this will channelize our health system and impart a direction for combating future public health crises. So the Government should utilise the experiences and expertise to manage the pandemic very well.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121756865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION AND NUTRITIONAL ANALYSIS OF CULTIVABLE WILD EDIBLE MUSHROOMS COLLECTED FROM DISTRICT AYODHYA (U.P.), INDIA","authors":"Balwant Singh, V. K. Singh","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2023.5115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2023.5115","url":null,"abstract":"Holy city Ayodhya is situated at the bank of river Saryu and has a vast diversity of macrofungi, especially mushroom mycoflora. Some of which are excellently edible and cultivable. Characterization and nutritional composition of four selected cultivable naturally growing mushrooms viz. Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostriatus, Volvariella volvacea and Calocybe indica from different sites of study area (Ayodhya) were evaluated. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics expressed with natural photographs. The proximate analysis of nutritional values was done by encountering complete mushroom samples that were shade dried, powdered and processed. The macronutrients profiles revealed that the cultivable wild edible mushroom contains protein, carbohydrate, lipid, fiber and ash content ranged from 30.21-34.21%, 22.56-38.39%, 2.35-4.15%, 11.79-23.94% and 7.75-12.97% respectively on dry weight basis. Current study confirms that the selected cultivable wild edible mushrooms are a healthy and good source of food and major alternative source of protein. It also exposed the use of varieties of mushroom in their cultivation practice as well as diet to decrease malnutrition and increase socioeconomic values.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124776469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SURVEY ON THE POTENTIALITIES OF INTEGRATED FISH FARMING,ITS ECONOMIC AND MAJOR CONSTRAINTS FACED BY THE MARGINALAND SMALL FARMERS IN SINGRAULI, MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA","authors":"Vishal Kumar, Ranjit Shaw, R. Chaube","doi":"10.46505/ijbi.2022.4117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2022.4117","url":null,"abstract":"Increase in human population, poor economic conditions of the farmers and the increasing demand for fish, have compelled the planners, in the recent past, to adopt Integrated Fish Farming systems (IFFs) in South East Asian countries including India. IFFs refer to the production, integrated management, and comprehensive use of aquaculture, agriculture, and livestock, with an emphasis on aquaculture. Since the IFF system involves lower cost and is environment friendly, it is economically sustainable and is being freely adopted. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the economic importance of IFFs. In this study, different culture practice sites in the Singrauli district of Madhya Pradesh in India were selected and a survey was conducted among the farmers with the help of a prepared questionnaire. This study was conducted in order to explore the various parameters to evaluate the potential of IFFs. Results of the assessment showed a significant potency of this integrated system in increasing the yield for the farmers. Additionally, the plausible major constraints faced by the marginal and small farmers are outlined here, to advocate for the ways to eliminate them for generating more income from this integrated system of farming.","PeriodicalId":217255,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Innovations","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127741001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}