Seminars in liver disease最新文献_第7页

Management of Portal vein Thrombosis in Cirrhosis. 肝硬化门静脉血栓的处理。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1791247

Babu Lal Meena, Shiv Kumar Sarin

{"title":"Management of Portal vein Thrombosis in Cirrhosis.","authors":"Babu Lal Meena, Shiv Kumar Sarin","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791247","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1791247","url":null,"abstract":"Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is one of the common complications of cirrhosis. The incidence of PVT correlates with liver disease severity-higher incidence in patients with Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) C, large spontaneous portosystemic shunts, hepatofugal portal flow, and in the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma. PVT may worsen ascites, increase the risk and poor control of variceal bleeding. The occurrence of PVT may increase morbidity and lower survival after a liver transplant. Using statins prevents the occurrence of PVT, whereas beta-blockers may aggravate its occurrence. Cross-sectional imaging is mandatory for the precise diagnosis and classification of PVT. Symptomatic, occlusive PVT and candidacy for liver transplantation are the main indications for anticoagulation. Vitamin K antagonists, low-molecular-weight heparin, and newer anticoagulants are effective and safe in cirrhosis. Direct-acting oral anticoagulants are agents of choice in early cirrhosis (CTP A, B). The duration of anticoagulant therapy, predictors of response, and management of complications of cirrhosis while on therapy require in-depth knowledge and individualized treatment. Transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt can be considered in nonresponsive cases or when anticoagulants are contraindicated. This manuscript reviews the latest updated knowledge about managing PVT in cirrhosis.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"416-429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Therapeutic Potential of Nutraceuticals against Drug-Induced Liver Injury. 营养保健品对药物引起的肝损伤的治疗潜力。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1791559

Namya Sethi, Manoj Khokhar, Mitali Mathur, Yashi Batra, Amal Mohandas, Sojit Tomo, Mahadev Rao, Mithu Banerjee

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Nutraceuticals against Drug-Induced Liver Injury.","authors":"Namya Sethi, Manoj Khokhar, Mitali Mathur, Yashi Batra, Amal Mohandas, Sojit Tomo, Mahadev Rao, Mithu Banerjee","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791559","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1791559","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) continues to be a major concern in clinical practice, thus necessitating a need for novel therapeutic approaches to alleviate its impact on hepatic function. This review investigates the therapeutic potential of nutraceuticals against DILI, focusing on examining the underlying molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways. In preclinical and clinical studies, nutraceuticals, such as silymarin, curcumin, and N-acetylcysteine, have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in attenuating liver injury induced by diverse pharmaceutical agents. The molecular mechanisms underlying these hepatoprotective effects involve modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic pathways. Furthermore, this review examines cellular routes affected by these nutritional components focusing on their influence on hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and stellate cells. Key evidence highlights that autophagy modulation as well as unfolded protein response are essential cellular processes through which nutraceuticals exert their cytoprotective functions. In conclusion, nutraceuticals are emerging as promising therapeutic agents for mitigating DILI, by targeting different molecular pathways along with cell processes involved in it concurrently.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"430-456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of the Gut Microbiome in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. 肠道微生物组在代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝中的作用

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1055/a-2438-4383

Salim Maher, Jayashi Rajapakse, Emad El-Omar, Amany Zekry

引用次数: 0

HBV Biomarkers and Their Role in Guiding Treatment Decisions. HBV 生物标志物及其在指导治疗决策中的作用。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1055/a-2448-4157

Lung-Yi Mak, Tobias Boettler, Upkar S Gill

{"title":"HBV Biomarkers and Their Role in Guiding Treatment Decisions.","authors":"Lung-Yi Mak, Tobias Boettler, Upkar S Gill","doi":"10.1055/a-2448-4157","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2448-4157","url":null,"abstract":"Over 300 million individuals worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus and at risk for progressive liver disease. Due to the lack of a therapy that reliably achieves viral elimination and the variability of liver disease progression, treatment decisions are guided by the degree of liver disease and viral biomarkers as the viral life-cycle is well characterized and largely conserved between individuals. In contrast, the immunological landscape is much more heterogeneous and diverse and the measurement of its components is less well standardized. Due to the lack of a universal and easily measurable set of biomarkers, clinical practice guidelines remain controversial, aiming for a balance between simplifying treatment decisions by reducing biomarker requirements and using all available biomarkers to avoid overtreatment of patients with low risk for disease progression. While approved therapies such as nucleos(t)ide analogs improve patient outcomes, the inability to achieve a complete cure highlights the need for novel therapies. Since no treatment candidate has demonstrated universal efficacy, biomarkers will remain important for treatment stratification. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on virological and immunological biomarkers with a specific focus on how they might be beneficial in guiding treatment decisions in chronic hepatitis B.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"474-491"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142507453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mice Engrafted with Human Liver Cells 移植人肝细胞的小鼠

IF 4.2 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1790601

Ype P. de Jong

{"title":"Mice Engrafted with Human Liver Cells","authors":"Ype P. de Jong","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1790601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1790601","url":null,"abstract":"Rodents are commonly employed to model human liver conditions, although species differences can restrict their translational relevance. To overcome some of these limitations, researchers have long pursued human hepatocyte transplantation into rodents. More than 20 years ago, the first primary human hepatocyte transplantations into immunodeficient mice with liver injury were able to support hepatitis B and C virus infections, as these viruses cannot replicate in murine hepatocytes. Since then, hepatocyte chimeric mouse models have transitioned into mainstream preclinical research and are now employed in a diverse array of liver conditions beyond viral hepatitis, including malaria, drug metabolism, liver-targeting gene therapy, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, lipoprotein and bile acid biology, and others. Concurrently, endeavors to cotransplant other cell types and humanize immune and other nonparenchymal compartments have seen growing success. Looking ahead, several challenges remain. These include enhancing immune functionality in mice doubly humanized with hepatocytes and immune systems, efficiently creating mice with genetically altered grafts and reliably humanizing chimeric mice with renewable cell sources such as patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells. In conclusion, hepatocyte chimeric mice have evolved into vital preclinical models that address many limitations of traditional rodent models. Continued improvements may further expand their applications. ","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inflammation in Steatotic Liver Diseases: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets. 脂肪肝中的炎症：发病机制与治疗靶点》。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1055/a-2338-9261

Shengying Qian, Xiaolin Wang, Yingfen Chen, Qiuhong Zai, Yong He

引用次数: 0

Hepatic Extracellular Matrix and Its Role in the Regulation of Liver Phenotype. 细胞外基质与肝纤维化前的伤口愈合

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1055/a-2404-7973

Gavin E Arteel

引用次数: 0

The Value of Ammonia as a Biomarker in Patients with Cirrhosis. 氨作为肝硬化患者生物标志物的价值。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1055/a-2378-8942

Maria Pilar Ballester, Esra Nur Durmazer, Tingting Qi, Rajiv Jalan

引用次数: 0

Noninvasive Tests to Assess Fibrosis and Disease Severity in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. 评估代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪性肝病和代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪性肝炎的纤维化和疾病严重程度的无创检验。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788277

Monica A Tincopa, Rohit Loomba

{"title":"Noninvasive Tests to Assess Fibrosis and Disease Severity in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.","authors":"Monica A Tincopa, Rohit Loomba","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788277","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1788277","url":null,"abstract":"Risk of disease progression and clinical outcomes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is associated with fibrosis stage and presence of \"at-risk metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).\" Although liver biopsy is considered the gold standard to diagnose MASH and stage of fibrosis, biopsy is infrequently performed in clinical practice and has associated sampling error, lack of interrater reliability, and risk for procedural complications. Noninvasive tests (NITs) are routinely used in clinical practice for risk stratification of patients with MASLD. Several NITs are being developed for detecting \"at-risk MASH\" and cirrhosis. Clinical care guidelines apply NITs to identify patients needing subspecialty referral. With recently approved Food and Drug Administration treatment for MASH and additional emerging pharmacotherapy, NITs will identify patients who will most benefit from treatment, monitor treatment response, and assess risk for long-term clinical outcomes. In this review, we examine the performance of NITs to detect \"at-risk MASH,\" fibrosis stage, response to treatment, and risk of clinical outcomes in MASLD and MASH.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"287-299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Necrotic Liver Lesion Resolution: Another Mode of Liver Regeneration. 坏死肝脏病变的解决：肝脏再生的另一种模式。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1055/a-2358-9505

Cheng Chen, Dechun Feng, Yang Wang, Tiantian Yao, Bryan Mackowiak, Bin Gao

引用次数: 0