Scientia Horticulturae最新文献

{"title":"Dominance of the white bulb color in onions (Allium cepa L.) changes depending on the positions of mutations in the AcMYB1 gene encoding a R2R3-MYB transcription factor","authors":"JiWon Han ,&nbsp;Geonjoong Kim ,&nbsp;Haneul Choi ,&nbsp;Jin Seong Moon ,&nbsp;Sunggil Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The white bulb color in onions (<em>Allium cepa</em> L.) is known to be controlled by two independent loci, <em>C</em> and <em>I</em>, which are responsible for recessive and dominant white colors, respectively. Previous studies have shown that the <em>AcB2</em> and <em>AcMYB1</em> genes are the causal genes for the <em>C</em> and <em>I</em> loci, respectively. To identify additional mutant <em>AcMYB1</em> alleles, 85 white accessions were analyzed in this study. The results revealed four mutant alleles, designated <em>AcMYB1^Ivana, AcMYB1^CRM, AcMYB1^Reina</em>, and <em>AcMYB1^LINE</em>, which had large-sized insertions in exon3. Long terminal repeat (LTR)-retrotransposons from different families were found in the <em>AcMYB1^Ivana, AcMYB1^CRM</em>, and <em>AcMYB1^Reina</em> alleles, while a non-LTR long interspersed nuclear element (LINE) was identified in the <em>AcMYB1^LINE</em> allele. In addition, four other mutant alleles designated <em>AcMYB1^DEL-A, AcMYB1^DEL-G, AcMYB1^DEL-CG,</em> and <em>AcMYB1^E48K</em> were found to harbor critical single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon1 or exon2. Deletions (one or two base pairs) creating premature stop codons were identified in <em>AcMYB1^DEL-A, AcMYB1^DEL-G</em>, and <em>AcMYB1^DEL-CG</em>, and an SNP resulting in the change of a negatively charged glutamic acid to a positively charged lysine was found in the highly conserved R2 domain of <em>AcMYB1^E48K</em>. Interestingly, yellow bulb colors were observed in heterozygous individuals containing <em>AcMYB1^LINE, AcMYB1^DEL-G, AcMYB1^E48K,</em> or <em>AcMYB1^DEL-A</em>, indicating the recessive inheritance of the white bulb color. On the other hand, dominant inheritance patterns were observed in heterozygotes harboring <em>AcMYB1^CRM</em> or <em>AcMYB1^Reina</em>. Taken together, the positions of mutations in <em>AcMYB1</em> determined the dominance of the white bulb color in onions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 114372"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen application enhances thermotolerance in Pinellia ternata via modulation of antioxidant capacity","authors":"Yang Chen ,&nbsp;Yanling Zhou ,&nbsp;Qiujie Chao ,&nbsp;Rongzhi Yang ,&nbsp;Yongbo Duan ,&nbsp;Jianping Xue ,&nbsp;Ru Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pinellia ternata</em> (Thunb.) Breit. is a commonly used medicinal herb in China. Heat stress (HS) inhibits the growth of <em>P. ternata</em> and reduces both yield and tuber quality. The application of exogenous substances is an effective strategy to enhance plant thermotolerance. Nitrogen has been reported to participate in the regulation of heat resistance in plants, but its role in <em>P. ternata</em> remains unclear. This study found that 10 mM ammonium nitrate significantly increased the survival rate and photosynthetic efficiency of <em>P. ternata</em> under HS. Additionally, ammonium nitrate application induced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD), while suppressing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were significantly enriched in the 'flavonoid biosynthesis pathway' and 'tropane, piperidine, and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis pathway'. Notably, the relative contents of quercetin, myricetin, and nicotine were markedly induced by HS and ammonium nitrate, with key biosynthetic genes exhibiting expression patterns consistent with metabolite accumulation. In conclusion, moderate nitrogen application simultaneously enhances both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in <em>P. ternata</em> under HS, effectively mitigating oxidative damage caused by ROS and thereby improving thermotolerance. Our results provide new insights into nitrogen-mediated heat resistance mechanisms and suggest practical applications for crop protection in warming climates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 114343"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does omega-type graft compromise vine performance? Evaluation of five bench grafting methods across nursery, vineyard establishment, and first productive years","authors":"A. Villa-Llop ,&nbsp;N. Torres ,&nbsp;M. Loidi ,&nbsp;M. Velaz ,&nbsp;M. Galar-Martínez ,&nbsp;S. Crespo-Martínez ,&nbsp;L.G. Santesteban","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grafting <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. scions onto <em>Vitis</em> sp. rootstocks became essential in viticulture following the phylloxera crisis in the late 19th century. Among the various bench grafting methods, omega grafting became predominant due to high efficiency and compatibility with mechanization. However, concerns have been raised about its potential impact in vine performance. This study compares five bench grafting methods, omega (OM), full cleft (FC), V-shape (V), mechanical (WTm), and hand-made (WTh) whip and tongue, to evaluate implications during the nursery stage, vineyard establishment and vine performance over the first seven seasons after planting. Results suggest a three-phase trajectory in vine development following grafting: (1) a short-term nursery phase the grafting method clearly impacts performance, (2) a mid-term phase post vineyard establishment where growth and yield converge regardless of method; and (3) a long-term phase, in which structural weaknesses at the graft union may lead to delayed decline. During the nursery stage, OM consistently outperformed others in grafting success and vegetative development. In early vineyard years, OM and WTh showed a tendency to promote better vine development, although this trend faded after the third year. In contrast, differences in vine survival and training compliance emerged later. At the end of the seventh season, vine mortality reached 18 % in WTm and 7.5 % in V, whereas OM and FC maintained low losses (&lt; 3 %). These findings contradict previous concerns about OM grafting limitations and support its continued use as a reliable method in commercial nurseries. In any case, longer-term monitoring is necessary to understand vineyard productive lifespan implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 114346"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptome analysis of alkali stress on rhododendron tolerant and sensitive roots to identify alkali tolerance-related genes","authors":"Chunying Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Guan ,&nbsp;Rui Gong ,&nbsp;Xi Xia ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rhododendrons prefer acidic soil, and soil alkalinity is a critical limiting factor for their growth. However, several varieties of rhododendron demonstrate exceptional adaptabilities to alkaline stress. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying alkali tolerance by comparing alkali-tolerant and -sensitive rhododendron varieties at the transcriptomic level, thereby providing insights to facilitate the breeding of improved alkali-tolerant cultivars. Using RNA-Seq, we analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 0, 6, and 24 hours following alkaline stress. The results showed that the number of DEGs in the alkali-tolerant variety in response to alkali stress was 1.6 times that of the alkali-sensitive variety. In total, 212 and 781 common DEGs were identified within and between the alkali-tolerant and -sensitive variety, respectively, in response to alkaline stress. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses revealed that <em>CYP</em> genes, plant-specific class III peroxidases, and <em>MPK3</em> play key roles in the alkaline stress response and displayed distinct expression patterns across varieties. Furthermore, numerous transcription factors (TFs) responsive to alkaline stress were identified, with <em>AP2/ERF</em> TFs being the most abundant. Notably, most <em>AP2/ERF</em> TFs were significantly upregulated in the alkali-tolerant variety after 24 hours of alkaline treatment. Functional validation demonstrated that overexpression of <em>RpMPK3</em> enhanced alkali tolerance in Arabidopsis. In conclusion, this study provided a comprehensive set of candidate genes associated with alkali tolerance in rhododendron and highlighted the positive role of <em>RpMPK3</em> in conferring this trait. These findings established a theoretical foundation for future molecular breeding of highly alkali-tolerant varieties of rhododendrons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 114314"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144757358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling anthocyanin accumulation in sweet potatoes with integrated omics","authors":"Afsheen Zehra ,&nbsp;Jinhua Zhou ,&nbsp;Haitao Ma ,&nbsp;Baochen Liu ,&nbsp;Zulfiqar Ali Sahito ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Wanlin Yang ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sweet potato (<em>Ipomoea batata</em> L) has gained increasing attention in recent years because of its exceptional nutritional value and health benefits. Especially, purple-fleshed sweet potato (PFSP) varieties which are rich in anthocyanin. This review brings an update based on the on transcriptomics and metabolomics strategies to reveal anthocyanin accumulation in sweet potato. The purple-fleshed sweet potato has higher concentration of anthocyanins that are potent antioxidants, with cardio protective, anticancer, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. This paper brings together the latest findings regarding anthocyanin biosynthesis and regulation through transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. The key findings reveal that omics technologies play a key role in deciphering the complex association between environmental and genetic factors that regulate anthocyanin production. The application of the omics has facilitated the identification of molecular markers for breeding purpose increasing anthocyanin content in the plant. These anthocyanin rich sweet potatoes constitute a number of health benefits and prevent different disorders. The baseline message is the vital role of ongoing omics projects in developing high-yielding sweet potato varieties with enhanced anthocyanin content, thus contributing to public health and food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 114293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent evaluation of ornamental characteristics of garden chrysanthemums using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based RGB imagery","authors":"Mingxiu Sun ,&nbsp;Jiuyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingshan LU,&nbsp;Mengran Hao,&nbsp;Fadi Chen,&nbsp;Jiangshuo Su,&nbsp;Fei Zhang,&nbsp;Sumei Chen,&nbsp;Weimin Fang,&nbsp;Zhiyong Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Garden chrysanthemums (<em>Chrysanthemum × morifolium</em> Ramat.) are widely appreciated for their rich diversity in color, form, and blooming period. However, traditional evaluations of ornamental traits rely on subjective and labor-intensive methods, limiting efficiency and consistency. To address this, we developed an UAV-based phenotyping framework to objectively assess ornamental traits in chrysanthemums. Using the UAV-based RGB imaging platform, we evaluated forty cultivars and extracted eleven ornamental traits, including plant height, canopy orthophoto area, canopy roundness, clump cohesion, ornamental duration, flowering rarity grade, flowering efficiency index, visual uniformity, flower color coverage, color saturation, and color value. Principal component analysis (PCA) reduced trait dimensionality, with four principal components explaining 77.94 % of total variance. K-means clustering grouped cultivars into three performance categories (excellent, moderate, poor), supported by hierarchical clustering. Color group analysis showed that pink-purple cultivars exhibited the greatest color diversity, while red cultivars were more uniform. Traits associated with color and texture (e.g., color coverage, saturation, visual uniformity) and floral duration (e.g., efficiency index, ornamental duration) were most influential in cultivar differentiation. Twelve cultivars, such as ‘Jinling Guili’, were identified as excellent based on their visual appeal and landscape suitability. Our results demonstrate that UAV-based phenotyping provides an efficient, objective, and scalable method for cultivar evaluation. The proposed framework identifies color–texture and floral duration as core drivers and offers valuable tools for chrysanthemum breeding and landscape application. More broadly, this study demonstrates the potential of integrating remote sensing and multivariate analysis to modernize ornamental plant evaluation across diverse germplasm resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 114374"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FaNRT2.7 transports nitrate and accelerates growth and development in plants","authors":"Zeyu Li ,&nbsp;Xiangjun Ge ,&nbsp;Lulu Zhang,&nbsp;Qin Wang,&nbsp;Sixin Wu,&nbsp;Muqian Wu,&nbsp;Congbing Fang,&nbsp;Fuling Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In fruit-bearing plants, nitrate absorbed by the roots is effectively transported to the leaves, flowers, and fruits, where it is then utilized for assimilation. This process enhances the yield and quality of fruits. In this study, the functional characteristics of <em>FaNRT2.7</em>, a member of the nitrate transporter 2 (NRT2) family in strawberries, were investigated. High expression of <em>FaNRT2.7</em> was detected in strawberry leaves, achenes, flowers, and red-ripening fruit. Its expression reached a peak at 1 h under high-nitrate conditions and at 12 h under low-nitrate conditions. Analysis of the concentration-dependent nitrate uptake rates in <em>Hansenula polymorpha</em> showed that <em>FaNRT2.7</em> mediates high-affinity nitrate transport. In three transgenic <em>Arabidopsis</em> lines with overexpression of <em>FaNRT2.7</em>, both under high or low nitrate conditions, <em>FaNRT2.7</em> expression increased plant height, the number of branches, the number of pods, and the seed germination rate. It also enhanced the expression of genes related to nitrate transport and nitrogen metabolism within pods, as well as the nitrate and free amino acid concentrations in pods and seeds. Overexpression of <em>FaNRT2.7</em> increased the nitrate content and accelerated ripening. Conversely, gene silencing decreased the nitrate content and postponed maturation in strawberry fruits injected with the corresponding expression vector.</div><div>Together, these data suggest that <em>FaNRT2.7</em> can proficiently facilitate nitrate transport, which in turn affects flowering, regulates plant growth and development, accelerates seed yield, and improves the seed germination rate. These findings are highly significant as they clarify the previously unrecognized function of FaNRT2.7, providing valuable insights for enhancing nitrogen efficiency in strawberry production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 114360"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish manure as a potential feedstock for organic hydroponic nutrient solutions: The effect of fish feed composition and fertilizer amendment on the growth performance of lettuce","authors":"Anıl Axel Tellbüscher ,&nbsp;Radek Gebauer ,&nbsp;Martin Šeda ,&nbsp;Tobias Goldhammer ,&nbsp;Ondřej Nikl ,&nbsp;Koushik Roy ,&nbsp;Werner Kloas ,&nbsp;Jan Mráz","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of nutrient solutions derived from the bioprocessing of organic feedstocks such as waste sludge from aquaculture appears to be a promising alternative to inorganic fertilizer. This study assessed the effect of feed composition (predominantly animal- versus plant-based) of feeds fed to Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) on performance parameters of lettuce (<em>Lactuca sativa</em> var. Bonarda RZ) grown in nutrient solutions based on batch-wise aerobically remineralized fish manure (<em>t</em> = 41 d) with and without fertilizer amendment versus a conventional hydroponic fertilizer solution. Lettuce seedlings were grown in hydroponic grow boxes for 28 days. The fertilizer-amended treatments outperformed the treatments without additional fertilizer in terms of growth but had a lower nutrient use efficiency. The treatments growing in a nutrient solution based on manure from fish fed with a plant-based diet performed best, both in the fertilized and unfertilized treatment group. The results indicate a biostimulatory effect of the remineralized fish manure. Fish manure originating from freshwater fish such as <em>O. niloticus</em> that were fed diets with a high inclusion rate of plant-based feed ingredients such as pea or faba bean meal appears thus to be a promising feedstock for amended organic nutrient solutions that allows for fertilizer savings while increasing yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 114309"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis of Pleurotus ostreatus during its fruiting body development","authors":"Xingyu Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Gao ,&nbsp;Chenyang Huang ,&nbsp;Xiangli Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fruiting bodies of mushrooms are the macroscopic structures with high complexity and are formed under tight genetic regulations. <em>Pleurotus ostreatus</em> is one of the most widely cultivated and consumed edible mushrooms in the world. Systematic research about its genetic mechanisms of fruiting bodies development is still lacking. In this study, transcriptome sequencing was performed with samples from three developmental stages including mycelium (MS), primordium (PS), and fruiting body (FS). A larger number of DEGs were identified from MS to PS than PS to FS, suggesting the more complex transition from MS to PS. KEGG pathway and GO enrichment analyses revealed that the primordium development mainly involves cell proliferation, differentiation, protein synthesis while the fruiting body formation from primordium might be related to the maturation of cell functions or stable state. Some notably fruiting-specific genes, such as hemolysin, alpha amylase, FAD linked oxidase etc., were also uncovered. The study also identified 79 DEGs encoding cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) belonging to 13 CYP Clans, which have different developmental expression patterns, suggesting their specific roles in different developmental stages. Sixty-seven transcription factors were also identified from all the DEGs and were categorized into 12 families, among which Zn₂Cys₆, comprising 19 DEGs, was the most prevalent family. The expression profiles of Zn₂Cys₆ family across three developmental stages revealed their roles in different developmental stages. These results provide valuable genetic information for understanding the complex fruiting process of <em>P. ostreatus</em>, and lay the foundation for further researches on gene function and genetic assisted breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 114367"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fruit vascular flows in yellow-fleshed kiwi reveal tight relations between water availability and fruit growth potential, until harvest","authors":"Alexandra Boini,&nbsp;Gianmarco Bortolotti,&nbsp;Giulio Demetrio Perulli,&nbsp;Luca Corelli Grappadelli,&nbsp;Luigi Manfrini","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yellow-fleshed kiwifruit production guidelines normally follow protocols based on the green-fleshed species, <em>A. deliciosa</em>, often resulting in low yields, reduced dry matter and small fruit size, as <em>A. chinensis</em> seems more susceptible to water limitations. Clarifying this species fruit vascular flows may help improve yields, and fruit size, by satisfactorily meeting its irrigation needs. This 3-year trial (2019–2021) compared 100 % with deficit-irrigated and over-irrigated vines. Plant water relations, leaf gas exchanges and fruit vascular flows were measured at midday during the season, and fruit were harvested and assessed for dry matter content. Irrigation influenced vine responses only when soil water content dropped below 25–30 %, reflecting the sensitivity of this crop to soil water changes. Although no differences were found for yield, dry matter content was higher for the least irrigated fruit, but overall vine performance in this treatment was limited throughout the study, in particular during the rapid growth phase (e.g., ca 1 month after full bloom), when very high fruit transpiration rates energize passive phloem unloading, to support fruit parenchyma cell division and expansion. Unlike <em>A. deliciosa</em>, A. chinensis appears to maintain fruit transpiration and associated phloem unloading later into the season. The symplasmic unloading in the early stages of berry development reveals a strong effect on fruit development by its microenvironment, thus irrigation must be carefully gauged to the needs of developing fruit, accounting for soil water content and the phenological phase. Plant and environmental sensors are quite important for determining the necessary water volumes for yellow-fleshed kiwifruit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"350 ","pages":"Article 114337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}