Semina-ciencias Agrarias最新文献

{"title":"Características produtivas e morfofisiológicas de Megathyrsus maximus “Aruana” com adubação nitrogenada em sistema silvipastoril e pleno sol","authors":"Andressa Radtke Baungratz, Leonardo Piffer de Borba, Bruna Martins de Menezes, Cleison de Souza, Jean Lucas Macari Porsch, Tiago Venturini, Eduardo Eustáquio Mesquita, Ériton Egídio Lisboa Valente, Vicente de Paulo Macedo","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1207","url":null,"abstract":"O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada em M. maximus cv. Aruana cultivado em sistema silvipastoril e pleno sol sobre as características morfogênicas, estruturais, produtivas e composição química. Sistemas silvipastoris promovem eficiência produtiva e sustentabilidade na produção animal, melhorando a forragem e o conforto térmico. A adubação nitrogenada afeta o crescimento de forrageiras tropicais. O estudo avaliou o sistema utilizado (silvipastoril e pleno sol), adubação (com e sem) e períodos (21, 42, 63 e 84 dias) em características produtivas e morfogênicas da forrageira. O sistema silvipastoril elevou a altura do dossel, enquanto o pleno sol favoreceu a matéria seca e ganho de peso animal. A adubação beneficiou a densidade de perfilhos basais e morfogênese. O teor de proteína bruta foi maior no pleno sol. Pleno sol teve vantagens na forragem e composição, enquanto o silvipastoril destacou-se na altura do dossel. A adubação melhorou várias características, incentivando renovação tecidual. O estudo destaca a importância do manejo adequado em sistemas silvipastoris para otimizar produção e qualidade forrageira.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135088603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ewes fed high-concentrate diets containing flint corn and increasing levels of exogenous amylolytic enzyme: effects on nutrient intake and digestibility","authors":"Luciano Fernandes Sousa, Jhone Thallison Lira de Sousa, Erica Beatriz Schultz, Tays Raniellen Miranda Feitosa, Vinicius Carreteiro Gomes, Robert Emilio Mora Luna, Gilberto de Lima Macedo Júnior","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1197","url":null,"abstract":"The aim was to evaluate if the inclusion of exogenous amylolytic enzyme affect the nutrient intake and digestibility in ewes fed high-concentrate diets containing flint corn. Five Santa Inês × Dorper crossbred ewes (54.04 ± 4.5 kg and aged 8 months) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square design. All animals were housed in individual metabolic cages for 60 days. The treatments consisted of a control diet (without amylolytic enzyme) and four inclusion levels of an amylolytic enzyme (3,000, 6,000, 9,000, and 12,000 α-amylase dextrinizing units [DU] kg-1 dry matter [DM]). The enzyme was mixed into the feed at the time of supply to the animals. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, and orthogonal polynomial contrasts were used. Nutrient intake was not influenced by amylolytic enzyme inclusion. The digestibility of DM, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, total carbohydrates, non-fibrous carbohydrates, and gross energy showed a quadratic increase with enzyme inclusion (P<0.05), with maximum values at levels of 7,600, 7,500, 6,300, 7,500, 7,400, and 7,800 DU kg-1 DM, respectively. Total digestible nutrients of diets also showed a quadratic increase, with a maximum value of 894 g kg-1 at a level of α-amylase activity of 7,786 DU kg-1 DM. The inclusion of the exogenous amylolytic enzyme from 6,300 to 7,800 DU kg-1 DM doesn’t alter nutrient intake and improves the digestibility in ewes fed high-concentrate diets.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135088605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and quantification of soil compaction promoted by animal trampling in an integrated crop–livestock system","authors":"Lucas Freitas do Nascimento Júnior, Aline Borges Torino, Luciana Maria da Silva, Kátia Aparecida de Pinho Costa, Ubirajara Oliveira Bilego, Carlos Cesar Evangelista de Menezes, Eduardo da Costa Severiano","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1179","url":null,"abstract":"At critical levels, animal trampling can physically degrade soil, leading to the loss of sustainability of agricultural production. Therefore, it is becomes necessary to model and quantify the soil compaction potential. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the occurrence of soil compaction promoted by animal trampling in crop-livestock integration system (ICL). The study was conducted in a field at Centro Tecnológico da Comigo in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goias state, Brazil, during the agricultural off-season. The experimental area was composed of 1.97 ha, which was equally divided into eight paddocks. Soil was sampled before the grazing phase and after each of four grazing cycles. The compressive behavior of the soil was evaluated by determining the pre-consolidation and critical pressures. The results showed that only the first cycle of grazing showed additional compaction in 14.59% of samples. No critical compaction was observed in the evaluated area. Animal trampling under the studied conditions is not responsible for the dissemination of structural soil degradation in crop-livestock integration systems and may contribute to physical improvement resulting from biological soil loosening.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136349135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influência da aplicação de biofertilizantes no controle da podridão radicular seca e da murcha de Fusarium e no crescimento de feijoeiro","authors":"Kamilla do Carmo Silvestre, Itamar Ferreira da Silva, Neucimara Rodrigues Ribeiro, Mayra Renata Cruz Soares, Maria Isabel Balbi-Peña","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1225","url":null,"abstract":"O feijão tem uma grande importância alimentar e socioeconômica para a população mundial. No entanto, a produção de feijão sofre reduções por causa de doenças causadas por patógenos de solo. O uso intensivo de produtos químicos para o controle destes tem várias desvantagens, incluindo danos à saúde humana e ao meio ambiente além de provocar desequilíbrios na dinâmica de doenças e pragas da cultura. Alguns produtos comerciais, registrados como biofertilizantes ou aditivos de compostagem têm apresentado controle de fitopatógenos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a avaliação do desempenho de biofertilizantes e aditivo de compostagem e suas misturas no controle da podridão radicular seca (causada por Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli) e da murcha de Fusarium (causada por Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli) em plantas de feijoeiro em casa-de-vegetação. Adicionalmente, este estudo investigou o efeito desses produtos e suas misturas no desenvolvimento do feijoeiro. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com seis repetições. Foram testados os produtos Soil-Plex Trust®, Soil-Plex Ready®, Soil-Plex Active® e Nem-Out® e suas misturas, fungicida químico Captan® (controle positivo), água (controle negativo) e um controle constituído por plantas não inoculadas com o patógeno. O produto Soil-Plex Trust® reduziu a severidade da podridão radicular seca. Os produtos Soil-Plex Trust®, Soil-Plex Active® e a mistura (Soil-Plex Ready® + Soil-Plex Active®) promoveram um peso seco da raiz igual ao de plantas sem inocular. Considerando ambos os métodos de inoculação, a aplicação de Soil-Plex Trust® sozinho no sulco de plantio reduziu a severidade da murcha de Fusarium em feijoeiro. Plantas tratadas com Soil-Plex Trust® + Soil-Plex Active® e Soil-Plex Ready® + Soil-Plex Active® e inoculadas com F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli pelo método do disco micelial, também apresentaram menor severidade de murcha de Fusarium. As misturas Soil-Plex Trust® + Soil-Plex Active®, Soil-Plex Ready® + Soil-Plex Active®e Nem-Out® Soil-Plex Active®, determinaram um comprimento de raiz igual ao de plantas sem inóculo. Os resultados indicam que biofertilizantes e aditivos de compostagem à base de Bacillus e Trichoderma podem ser utilizados na estratégia de controle de doenças causadas por Fusarium spp. e ainda contrarrestar as reduções de crescimento do feijoeiro ocasionadas por esses fungos.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135088598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of inclusion of low doses of tannin blends in beef cattle dietary supplements on in vitro and in situ digestibility of nutrients in some feedstuffs","authors":"Adrielle Torres Mundim, Matheus Lima Corrêa Abreu, ‪Joanis Tilemahos Zervoudakis, Ronyatta Weich Teobaldo, Luciano da Silva Cabral, Mozart Alves Fonseca, Gabriela Fernandes dos Santos Teodoro, Victória Curvo Ormond, Nelcino Francisco de Paula","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1145","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the daily supplementation with a low dosage of a blend of condensed and hydrolysable tannins on the in vitro and in situ digestibility of protein and fibrous feedstuffs. In situ ruminal incubation assays were conducted on seven protein and five roughage feedstuffs with and without tannin supplementation (1 g/kg DM intake). From these same cattle, rumen fluid was collected for in vitro incubations of the same feedstuffs. In vitro assays we evaluated the gas production (GP) up to 24 h and, sequentially, digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD), crude protein (IVCPD), fiber (IVNDFD), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N). For in situ assays, the disappearance curves were modeled and then the potentially degradable (), digestion rate (), and undegradable () fractions were estimated. Of all the variables studied, only IVCPD of soybean meal showed effect (P<0.05) with the addition of dose of tannins. The supplementation of tannin affected only of the DM and CP of the cottonseed meal. The of DM and CP increased with the supplementation of the tannin blend only for Marandu (dry season), soybean and cottonseed meal. Additionally, the of the DM of corn silage was reduced. The of CP was affected by the increase of tannin supplementation for soybean and cottonseed meal. Daily supplementation with a low dose of tannin blend for grazing cattle affects for grazing cattle affects the ruminal digestibility of some of the evaluated feedstuffs, which are soybean and cottonseed meal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the daily supplementation with a low dosage of a blend of condensed and hydrolysable tannins on the in vitro and in situ digestibility of protein and fibrous feedstuffs. In situ ruminal incubation assays were conducted on seven protein and five roughage feedstuffs with and without tannin supplementation (1 g/kg DM intake). From these same cattle, rumen fluid was collected for in vitro incubations of the same feedstuffs. In vitro assays we evaluated the gas production (GP) up to 24 h and, sequentially, digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD), crude protein (IVCPD), fiber (IVNDFD), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N). For in situ assays, the disappearance curves were modeled and then the potentially degradable (), digestion rate (), and undegradable () fractions were estimated. Of all the variables studied, only IVCPD of soybean meal showed effect (P<0.05) with the addition of dose of tannins. The supplementation of tannin affected only of the DM and CP of the cottonseed meal. The of DM and CP increased with the supplementation of the tannin blend only for Marandu (dry season), soybean and cottonseed meal. Additionally, the of the DM of corn silage was reduced. The of CP was affected by the increase of tannin supplementation for soybean and cottonseed meal. Daily supplementation with a low dose of tannin blend for grazing cattle affects for grazing cattle affects the ruminal digestibility of some ","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134931599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avaliação das propriedades físico-químicas e funcionais de peitos de frango com White Striping","authors":"Talita Kato, Ana Paula Frederico Rodrigues Loureiro Bracarense, Ana Clara Longhi Pavanello, Adriana Lourenço Soares","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1167","url":null,"abstract":"A intensa seleção genética devido à necessidade econômica de maior ganho de peso em menor tempo de abate tem alterado o comportamento fisiológico dos animais e ocasionando danos ao tecido muscular. O White Striping (WS) em frangos é caracterizado pelo aparecimento de estrias brancas na carne do peito e da coxa paralelas a direção das fibras musculares e pode ser categorizada como normal (NORM), moderada (MOD) ou severa (SEV). As estrias do WS são facilmente identificadas na superfície da carne de frango e podem afetar diretamente a aceitação e intenção de compra dos consumidores. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a incidência do WS e caracterizar a carne do peito de frango quanto ao pH, cor, tamanho, composição química, colágeno total (CT) e colágeno solúvel (CS), capacidade de retenção de água (CRA), perda por cocção (PC), força de cisalhamento (FC), capacidade emulsificante (CE) e perfil de ácidos graxos. A incidência do WS (n= 660) foi de 51.67% e 31.36% para MOD e SEV, respectivamente. Os maiores valores de L* foram observados nas carnes classificadas como MOD e SEV. Os valores de espessura cranial foram maiores nas carnes SEV, com 29% mais CT, 26% mais PC, 27% mais lipídeos e FC quando comparado ao grupo NORM. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas para as demais determinações.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134931596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vigor de sementes de canola pelo teste de deterioração controlada","authors":"Ítallo Jesus Silva, Lucas Fernandes Meira, Soryana Gonçalves Ferreira de Melo, Rogério Alves Santana, Márcia Regina da Costa, Guilherme Vieira Pimentel, Marcela Carlota Nery","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1113","url":null,"abstract":"A canola (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera) é uma espécie oleaginosa de grande importância econômica para alimentação humana e animal e para produção de biodiesel. Na busca por maiores avanços na obtenção de sementes de qualidade, o uso de teste de vigor é imprescindível. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do trabalho foi adequar a metodologia do teste de deterioração controlada para avaliação do vigor de sementes de canola. Para tanto, quatro lotes de sementes de canola do híbrido Nuola 300 foram avaliados quanto à caracterização inicial dos lotes, pelos testes: determinação do grau de umidade, peso de mil sementes, primeira contagem de germinação, germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, estande inicial, emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência e teste de frio. Para o teste de deterioração controlada, o grau de umidade inicial foi ajustado para 15%, 18%, 20% e 22% e, posteriormente, as amostras foram expostas às temperaturas de 41 °C e 45 °C, em banho-maria, durante 24 horas, postas para germinarem e avaliadas ao quinto dia após a semeadura. O teste de deterioração controlada em sementes de canola deve ser conduzido com o grau de umidade a 18%, sob a temperatura de 45 °C, durante 24 horas, para avaliação do potencial fisiológico.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro control of phytopathogenic fungi and damping-off of tomato by Bacillus velezensis LABIM40 (CMRP 4489)","authors":"Paula Pinheiro Sanches de Almeida, Julia Pezarini Baptista, Allan Yukio Higashi, Gustavo Manoel Teixeira, Luiz Henrique Campos de Almeida, Admilton Gonçalves de Oliveira Junior, Maria Isabel Balbi-Peña","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1077","url":null,"abstract":"The in vitro antagonistic activity of Bacillus velezensis LABIM40 (strain CMRP 4489) was assessed against Alternaria linariae, Botryotinia squamosa, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, Gibberella zeae, and Rhizoctonia solani. An experiment was conducted using treated seeds under growth chamber conditions to determine the impact of various LABIM40 formulations on tomato seedling growth and the biocontrol of damping-off caused by R. solani. The treatments included the use of LABIM40 cell suspension, LABIM40 cell-free supernatant (CFS), 10 times concentrated CFS (10× CFS), commercial products based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (CP_1) and Bacillus subtilis (CP_2), and water. The effects of these products were assessed on tomato seedlings grown in sterile substrate or substrate inoculated with R. solani. In a dual culture test, B. velezensis LABIM40 inhibited the mycelial growth of the aforementioned fungal pathogens by 46.6%, 67.4%, 64.7%, 49.0%, and 54.4%, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration against each fungus was determined using varying concentrations of CFS in potato dextrose agar medium, followed by a regression analysis of mycelial growth inhibition. Except for A. linariae, the logarithmic model provided the best fit in all cases. Tomato seedlings from seeds treated with 10× CFS in inoculated substrate exhibited a survival rate 57% higher than that exhibited by the control treatment. However, no growth promotion was observed in tomato plants from seeds treated with LABIM40 cells or its CFS metabolites. In summary, these findings highlight the antagonistic activity of B. velezensis LABIM40 against A. linariae, B. squamosa, C. lindemuthianum, G. zeae, and R. solani, as demonstrated by dual culture and CFS diffusion tests. This suggests its potential as a biocontrol agent for damping-off in tomatoes.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors for Leptospira spp. in dairy cattle in western Paraná, Brazil","authors":"Ana Paula Molinari Candeias, Alessandra Snak, Lucienne Garcia Pretto-Giordano, Silvia Cristina Osaki","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1097","url":null,"abstract":"Leptospirosis is caused by spirochete bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is considered the most widespread zoonosis worldwide. It is an important agent that causes animal production to decrease. In cattle, it affects especially the reproductive tract. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp., molecularly detect the bacteria in tissues of aborted fetuses, and identify the main risk factors associated with infection in cattle in dairy farms in Western Paraná. For this purpose, 600 bovine serum samples from 60 properties and 17 bovine fetuses from nine properties were collected. Data about the properties were also collected through an epidemiological questionnaire to assess the main risk factors associated with Leptospira spp. infection. The serum samples were analyzed using microscopic agglutination test (MAT), and the fetal tissues using nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR). Seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in dairy cattle in Western Paraná was 39.83% (239/600) and none of the analyzed fetuses were positive for Leptospira spp. The main risk factors identified are related to the production system, reproductive management, and the presence of dogs on the property. Leptospira spp. infection is widely spread in the cattle population in Western Paraná.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tolerance of cultivars and clonal selections of peach rootstocks to excess aluminum","authors":"Marcos Vinícius Miranda Aguilar, Jean Michel Moura-Bueno, Newton Alex Mayer, Gilberto Nava, Gustavo Brunetto, Luciane Almeri Tabaldi","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n3p1127","url":null,"abstract":"Forms of aluminum (Al) present in the solution of tropical and subtropical soils can cause toxicity in rootstocks and peach cultivars, impairing growth and productivity. This can be minimized by growing Al-tolerant rootstocks and cultivars. However, this is not sufficiently known, especially because plant breeding programs do not always consider tolerance as a selection variable for genetic materials. The study aimed to (a) select cultivars and clonal selections of Al-tolerant peach rootstocks, (b) identify variables that confer Al tolerance for use in genetic improvement programs, and (c) propose critical levels (NC) and ranges of toxicity (TF) of Al in relation to morphological variables of the root system. The experimental design was completely randomized, comprising a factorial of 13 (cultivars and clonal selections) x 2 (with and without Al) with three replications. Own-rooted ‘BRS Mandinho’ peach seedlings (without rootstock) and grafted seedlings of ‘BRS Mandinho’ on different cultivars and clonal rootstock selections were cultivated in a hydroponic system, composing two levels for the Al factor (absence and presence at 100 mg L−1). The morphological variables of the canopy and root system, Al accumulation in tissues, translocation factor, and the critical level (NC) and toxicity range (TF) of Al in the roots were evaluated. Rootstocks FB-SM-09-43, JB-ESM-09-13, SAS-SAU-09-71, SS-CHI-09-40, ‘Sharpe’ and VEH-GRA-09-55 were tolerant at high Al concentrations. The NC of Al in the roots in relation to the root surface area of peach rootstocks was 1400 mg Al kg−1, and the FT was between 1200 and 1500 mg Al kg−1.","PeriodicalId":21663,"journal":{"name":"Semina-ciencias Agrarias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135716569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}