Seminars in cancer biology最新文献

{"title":"Immunosenescence and immunotherapy in elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Dengyong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhengchao Shen ,&nbsp;Shuoshuo Ma ,&nbsp;Sihua Liu ,&nbsp;Zheng Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver cancer, more specifically hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a global health issue and one of the dominant causes of cancer death around the world. In the past few decades, remarkable advances have been achieved in the systemic therapy of HCC. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a therapy mainstay for advanced HCC and have shown promise in the neoadjuvant therapy before resection. Despite these significant advancements, the compositions and functions of the immune system occur various alterations with age, called “immunosenescence”, which may affect the antitumor effects and safety of ICIs, thus raising concerns that immunosenescence may impair elderly patients’ response to ICIs. Therefore, it is important to learn more about the immunosenescence characteristics of elderly patients. However, the real-world elderly HCC patients may be not accurately represented by the elderly patients included in the clinical trials, affecting the generalizability of the efficacy and safety profiles from the clinical trials to the real-world elderly patients. This review summarizes the characteristics of immunosenescence and its influence on HCC progression and immunotherapy efficacy as well as provides the latest progress in ICIs available for HCC and discusses their treatment efficacy and safety on elderly patients. In the future, more studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms of immunosenescence in HCC, and to find sensitive screening tools or biomarkers to identify the patients who may benefit from ICIs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":"111 ","pages":"Pages 60-75"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atrial fibrillation in cancer patients: Epidemiology, identification and management","authors":"Chengqi Yu ,&nbsp;Leilei Jiang ,&nbsp;Liuhua Long ,&nbsp;Huiming Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are among the leading causes of death globally, and the rate of coexistence of the two diseases has been increasing in recent years, with the elevation of the susceptible population base in aging societies and the improvement of therapeutic approaches. Atrial fibrillation (AF), as a common type of cancer-related cardiovascular toxicity (CTR-CVT) in oncology patients, is a serious threat to patients' health and may lead to other cardiovascular complications. Therefore, early detection, timely recognition, and effective intervention of AF are essential to maintain long-term survival of tumor survivors. However, the causal mechanisms regarding its association are still inconclusive, and there is no consensus in the clinic on the optimal treatment. In this review, we will integrate existing guidelines and studies to summarize the current state of research on atrial fibrillation in oncology patients in terms of epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, predictive diagnostics, and therapeutic measures, and propose some research directions to be improved. We hope to provide a more comprehensive review and provide assistance in clinical response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":"111 ","pages":"Pages 39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers, omics and artificial intelligence for early detection of pancreatic cancer","authors":"Kate Murray ,&nbsp;Lucy Oldfield ,&nbsp;Irena Stefanova ,&nbsp;Manuel Gentiluomo ,&nbsp;Paolo Aretini ,&nbsp;Rachel O’Sullivan ,&nbsp;William Greenhalf ,&nbsp;Salvatore Paiella ,&nbsp;Mateus N. Aoki ,&nbsp;Aldo Pastore ,&nbsp;James Birch-Ford ,&nbsp;Bhavana Hemantha Rao ,&nbsp;Pinar Uysal-Onganer ,&nbsp;Caoimhe M. Walsh ,&nbsp;George B. Hanna ,&nbsp;Jagriti Narang ,&nbsp;Pradakshina Sharma ,&nbsp;Daniele Campa ,&nbsp;Cosmeri Rizzato ,&nbsp;Andrei Turtoi ,&nbsp;Eithne Costello","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is frequently diagnosed in its late stages when treatment options are limited. Unlike other common cancers, there are no population-wide screening programmes for PDAC. Thus, early disease detection, although urgently needed, remains elusive. Individuals in certain high-risk groups are, however, offered screening or surveillance. Here we explore advances in understanding high-risk groups for PDAC and efforts to implement biomarker-driven detection of PDAC in these groups. We review current approaches to early detection biomarker development and the use of artificial intelligence as applied to electronic health records (EHRs) and social media. Finally, we address the cost-effectiveness of applying biomarker strategies for early detection of PDAC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":"111 ","pages":"Pages 76-88"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial – Hypoxia as a molecular driver of cancer progression","authors":"Luana Schito ,&nbsp;Sergio Rey-Keim","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":"111 ","pages":"Pages 36-38"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic crosstalk between platelets and cancer: Mechanisms, functions, and therapeutic potential","authors":"Zhixue Chen ,&nbsp;Lin Xu ,&nbsp;Yejv Yuan ,&nbsp;Si Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruyi Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Platelets, traditionally regarded as passive mediators of hemostasis, are now recognized as pivotal regulators in the tumor microenvironment, establishing metabolic feedback loops with tumor and immune cells. Tumor-derived signals trigger platelet activation, which induces rapid metabolic reprogramming, particularly glycolysis, to support activation-dependent functions such as granule secretion, morphological changes, and aggregation. Beyond self-regulation, platelets influence the metabolic processes of adjacent cells. Through direct mitochondrial transfer, platelets reprogram tumor and immune cells, promoting oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, platelet-derived cytokines, granules, and extracellular vesicles drive metabolic alterations in immune cells, fostering suppressive phenotypes that facilitate tumor progression. This review examines three critical aspects: (1) the distinctive metabolic features of platelets, particularly under tumor-induced activation; (2) the metabolic crosstalk between activated platelets and other cellular components; and (3) the therapeutic potential of targeting platelet metabolism to disrupt tumor-promoting networks. By elucidating platelet metabolism, this review highlights its essential role in tumor biology and its therapeutic implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Pages 65-82"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected links between cancer and telomere state","authors":"Alessio Lanna","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eukaryotes possess chromosome ends known as telomeres. As telomeres shorten, organisms age, a process defined as senescence. Although uncontrolled telomere lengthening has been naturally connected with cancer developments and immortalized state, many cancers are instead characterized by extremely short, genomically unstable telomeres that may hide cancer cells from immune attack. By contrast, other malignancies feature extremely long telomeres due to absence of ‘shelterin’ end cap protecting factors. The reason for rampant telomere extension in these cancers had remained elusive. Hence, while telomerase supports tumor progression and escape in cancers with very short telomeres, it is possible that different - transfer based or alternative - lengthening pathways be involved in the early stage of tumorigenesis, when telomere length is intact. In this Review, I hereby discuss recent discoveries in the field of telomeres and highlight unexpected links connecting cancer and telomere state. We hope these parallelisms may inform new therapies to eradicate cancers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Pages 46-55"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammation and tumor immune escape in response to DNA damage","authors":"Naoe Taira Nihira ,&nbsp;Rei Kudo ,&nbsp;Tomohiko Ohta","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Senescent and cancer cells share common inflammatory characteristics, including factors of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and the cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. Inflammation in the tumor microenvironment not only provides an opportunity for immune cells to attack cancer cells, but also promotes cancer invasion and metastasis. Immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1 is transcriptionally induced by inflammation, and the immunological state of PD-L1-positive tumors influences the efficacy of Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). ICIs are effective against the PD-L1-positive “hot” tumors; however, the non-immunoactive “cold” tumors that express PD-L1 rarely respond to ICIs, suggesting that converting PD-L1-positive “cold” tumors into “hot” tumors would improve the efficacy of ICIs. To eliminate cancer via the innate immune system, a therapeutic strategy for manipulating inflammatory responses must be established. To date, the molecular mechanisms of inflammation-induced tumorigenesis are not yet fully understood. However, it is becoming clear that the regulatory mechanisms of inflammation in cancer via the cGAS-STING pathway play an important role in both cancer and sensescent cells. In this review, we focus on inflammation and immune escape triggered by DNA damage in cancer and senescent cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Pages 36-45"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic landscape and rewiring in normal hematopoiesis, leukemia and aging","authors":"Hui Fang ,&nbsp;Enze Yu ,&nbsp;Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Christy Eapen ,&nbsp;Chunming Cheng ,&nbsp;Tianxiang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in metabolism research have demonstrated its critical roles in a lot of critical biological processes, including stemness maintenance, cell differentiation, proliferation, and function. Hematopoiesis is the fundamental cell differentiation process with the production of millions of red blood cells per second in carrying oxygen and white blood cells in fighting infection and cancers. The differentiation processes of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are accompanied by significant metabolic reprogramming. In hematological malignancy, metabolic reprogramming is also essential to the malignant hematopoiesis processes. The metabolic rewiring is driven by distinct molecular mechanisms that meet the specific demands of different target cells. Leukemic cells, for instance, adopt unique metabolic profiles to support their heightened energy needs for survival and proliferation. Moreover, aging HSPCs exhibit altered energy consumption compared to their younger counterparts, often triggering protective mechanisms at the cellular level. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the metabolic processes involved in hematopoiesis and the metabolic rewiring that occurs under adverse conditions. In addition, we highlight current research directions and discuss the potential of targeting metabolic pathways for the management of hematological malignancies and aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":"111 ","pages":"Pages 1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of immunosenescence in the occurrence and immunotherapy of gastrointestinal malignancies","authors":"Daosong Dong ,&nbsp;Xue Yu ,&nbsp;Haoran Liu ,&nbsp;Jingjing Xu ,&nbsp;Jiayan Guo ,&nbsp;Wei Guo ,&nbsp;Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Fei Wang ,&nbsp;Dongyong Zhang ,&nbsp;Kaiwei Liu ,&nbsp;Yanbin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In human beings heterogenous, pervasive and lethal malignancies of different parts of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract viz., tumours of the oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, and rectum, represent gastrointestinal malignancies. Primary treatment modality for gastric cancer includes chemotherapy, surgical interventions, radiotherapy, monoclonal antibodies and inhibitors of angiogenesis. However, there is a need to improve upon the existing treatment modality due to associated adverse events and the development of resistance towards treatment. Additionally, age has been found to contribute to increasing the incidence of tumours due to immunosenescence-associated immunosuppression. Immunosenescence is the natural process of ageing, wherein immune cells as well as organs begin to deteriorate resulting in a dysfunctional or malfunctioning immune system. Accretion of senescent cells in immunosenescence results in the creation of a persistent inflammatory environment or inflammaging, marked with elevated expression of pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokines and chemokines. Perturbation in the T-cell pools and persistent stimulation by the antigens facilitate premature senility of the immune cells, and senile immune cells exacerbate inflammaging conditions and the inefficiency of the immune system to identify the tumour antigen. Collectively, these conditions contribute positively towards tumour generation, growth and eventually proliferation. Thus, activating the immune cells to distinguish the tumour cells from normal cells and invade them seems to be a logical strategy for the treatment of cancer. Consequently, various approaches to immunotherapy, viz., programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors etc are being extensively evaluated for their efficiency in gastric cancer. In fact, PD-1 inhibitors have been sanctioned as late late-line therapy modality for gastric cancer. The present review will focus on deciphering the link between the immune system and gastric cancer, and the alterations in the immune system that incur during the development of gastrointestinal malignancies. Also, the mechanism of evasion by tumour cells and immune checkpoints involved along with different approaches of immunotherapy being evaluated in different clinical trials will be discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":"111 ","pages":"Pages 16-35"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drivers of centrosome abnormalities: Senescence progression and tumor immune escape","authors":"Tao Jiang ,&nbsp;Hua Jin ,&nbsp;Xintong Ji ,&nbsp;Xi Zheng ,&nbsp;Cheng-Xiong Xu ,&nbsp;Peng-Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semcancer.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Centrosome abnormalities are a distinguishing feature of cancer and play a role in the aging process. Cancer cells may evade the immune system by activating immune checkpoints, altering their surrounding microenvironment, abnormalities in antigen presentation and recognition, and metabolic reprogramming to inhibit T-cell activity, allowing cancer cells to survive and spread within the host. When the centrosomes are abnormally shaped or numbered, mitotic errors can occur, cellular senescence occurs, cell death occurs, genomic instability occurs, and aneuploidy forms, resulting in diseases such as cancer. The present study is exploring the strategy of research progress in which centrosome abnormalities contribute to the aging process in various different ways as well as fuel immune escape from cancer cells, providing a new direction for cancer immunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21594,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in cancer biology","volume":"110 ","pages":"Pages 56-64"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}