{"title":"STUDY OF CORRELATION COEFFICIENT AND PATH ANALYSIS AMONG YIELD PARAMETERS OF WHEAT: A REVIEW","authors":"Sushil Jaisi, A. Thapa, M. Poudel","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is third most important food crop in Nepal after rice and maize. The productivity of wheat in Nepal is lower than world productivity. The causes behind it are drought and heat stresses, genotype, climate change, global warming lack of inputs and irrigation. Yield of wheat is quantitative trait which is adversely affected by environmental factors. Therefore, only genotypic selection is not effective and selection should be based on performance of yield components and morpho-physiological characters. Correlation coefficient analysis provides the direction and degree of relationship between yield attributing characters. Path coefficient analysis helps to analysis direct and indirect effect of one variable to another. It helps in partitioning direct and indirect causes of correlation. Among agronomic trait, days to booting, days to heading and days to maturity show negative correlation to grain yield but chlorophyll content, plant height, spike/m2, number of spikelet/spike, number of grain/spike, spike length, spike weight is directly correlate to grain yield .Spike weight, spike length, thousand kernel weight, and number of spike per meter square, number of grains per spike and days to anthesis has direct positive effect on grain yield and plant height, chlorophyll content and days to heading have negative direct effect on grain yield.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126059516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afangide A.I., N. Egboka, P. Inyang, C. Tom, C. D. Ebele
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF ANIMAL MANURES ON DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITIES AND MICROBIAL POPULATION IN TROPICAL SOIL OF SOUTHEASTERN NIGERIA","authors":"Afangide A.I., N. Egboka, P. Inyang, C. Tom, C. D. Ebele","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.50.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.50.54","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the usefulness of poultry and swine manures in the improvement of soil properties, microbial counts and dehydrogenase activities. A randomized complete block design was applied with three replicates consisting of poultry and swine manures as treatments applied at the rate (30 t ha−1) on each of the two experimental plots. Soil samples obtained from depths 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm at week 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 for dehydrogenase and microbial densities using standard procedures. The pH (H20) slightly increased from 4.08 to 5.60 following manure application. At 0-15 cm soil, poultry manure increased pH by 25% soil while swine manure increases by 21%. Potential dehydrogenase recorded highest amount of production 7.09 Mg g-1 at 6 weeks of decomposition treated with swine manure at 15-30 cm soil depth. Bacterial counts increased from 1.27 x104 Cfu g-1 to 6.00 x107 Cfu g-1 in soil treated with poultry manure whereas soil amended with swine manure increased from 1.50 x104 Cfu g-1 to 7.10 x107 Cfu g-1. The results revealed that swine manure enhanced dehydrogenase production and microbial diversities than poultry manure.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115760292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sachoemar, Ratu Siti Aliah, Har yanti, J. Susanto
{"title":"HARVESTING AND USES OF RAIN WATER IN INDONESIA","authors":"S. Sachoemar, Ratu Siti Aliah, Har yanti, J. Susanto","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.41.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.41.49","url":null,"abstract":"As a tropical country, Indonesia has quite high rainfall reaching 2000-3000 mm per year in several areas. In general, rainwater utilization in Indonesia is used to support agricultural activities and meet household daily needs, especially drinking water. Methods of utilizing rainwater and processing in Indonesia use a variety of methods ranging from the simplest to the high technology. The manufacture of rainwater storage systems, infiltration wells and biopores are methods used for rainwater utilization and flood control for urban areas. As for the processing of rainwater into drinking water, many have used high technology such as filtration systems.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126543763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AN OVERVIEW ON BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS: REVIEW ARTICLE","authors":"P. Ghimire","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.19.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.19.26","url":null,"abstract":"Natural ways of biocontrol are the best option to combat insect pests for ensuring maximum protection against crop failure. Since Nepal is blessed with natural resources, a huge number of biological control agents are available for the exploration of possible management of insect pests without causing any deleterious effects on the environment. They are less toxic, stable, and of no side effects when used in crop fields. The present generation of farmers is in dire need of sustainable biocontrol strategies that ensure optimum crop protection against harmful pests. This paper emphasizes various such biocontrol options that are capable of checking the pest population to prevent farmers from going through economic loss due to crop failure. Control measures with direct natural origin must be preferred over chemically synthesized ones if we hope to leave this Earth for our future generations as well. Researches on this field are still scanty. But with the healthy collaboration of government, research bodies ad local farmers, they could lead to the ultimate solution of insect pests through biological control methods soon.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"201 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125770023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"REVIEW ON THE MANAGEMENT OF MOST PREVALENT INSECTS IN MUSTARD CROP","authors":"S. Poudel, Pawan Lamichhane, Bimal Roka Magar","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.31.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.31.33","url":null,"abstract":"Many essential plants, including high-quality food and industrial oils, common vegetables, and weeds, belong to the Brassicaceae family, which includes the genus Brassica. The strong attack of many pests and diseases not only degrades the quality of crops, but also significantly affects the oil content of many oil-producing brassica crops. Aphids, a severe insect pest of Brassicaceae species, which include key vegetable and oilseed crops, have evolved with their host plant to become the most economically important insect pest of agricultural Brassicas. This page provides an overview of pest biology in general insect habit and nature of damage, scenario in case of Nepal and Asian countries and the management strategies for their population control which includes physical, cultural, biological, innovative methods, plantation of resistant varieties, chemical applications and integrated pest management technologies. Some cultural techniques to deal with the aphid population include fertilizer applications at the proper dose, irrigation, and resistant cultivars. For crop security, natural enemies are currently effective and spectacular.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125870481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INSECT PESTS INFESTATION, DISEASES AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICE OF LARGE CARDAMOM IN NEPAL: A REVIEW","authors":"Bikas Basnet, P. Yadav, A. R. Devkota","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.09.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.09.18","url":null,"abstract":"Prolong infestation of Insects Pests and rapid virulence of several diseases on large cardamom causes a drastic reduction in potential production, threatens Nepalese agricultural finance of 48 hilly districts. Unsustainable, unhealthy, and traditional management practices before and after susceptible are major causes of yield reduction. This review will be fruitful to the segregation and management of major pathogenic entities of large cardamom. The entire information is collected through reviewing different published thesis, articles of Research gate, Science direct, pub med, ministry of agriculture in Nepal, and self field study on cardamom orchards of different agro-climatic districts of Nepal. Large cardamom is a commercially cultivated major cash crop of Nepal having large export potential. However, successful cultivation and management practice is a challenging task for every farmer due to monoculture farming support on the infestation of insect Pests and susceptibility of several diseases. This review helps cardamom farmers for identification of structural abnormalities caused by insect pests, bacteria, fungus, virus, nematodes till date and integrated management practice in field level.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129870662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Mohiuddin Al Mamun, A. Paul, Md. Zonayet, Khalid Syfullah, Afifa Aktar
{"title":"COMPARATIVE STUDY OF USG AND NPK BRIQUETTE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF JHUM RICE","authors":"Mohammad Mohiuddin Al Mamun, A. Paul, Md. Zonayet, Khalid Syfullah, Afifa Aktar","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.59.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.59.64","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments were conducted at Ramery para, Bandarban sadar, Bandarban, Bangladesh hill district in Chittagong under the AEZ (Agro Ecological Zone) 29 (Northern and Eastern Hills Tract) during March 2017 to November 2017 to study of USG and NPK briquette on the performance of Jhum rice. The experiment was conducted in two field and designed on Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD). The treatments consisted of 7(seven) levels of USG (Urea Super Granule) and NPK briquette i.e. T1: Control, T2: 100% USG and PK (RFD) (267.5 kg ha-1), T3: 80% USG and PK (RFD) (214.1 kg ha-1), T4: 80% USG and PK (RFD) (320.8 kg ha-1), T5 :100%NPK briquette (267.5 kg ha-1), T6: 80% NPK briquette (214.1 kg ha-1), T7: 120% NPK briquette (320.8 kg ha-1). The growth and yield of Jhum rice were significantly influenced by different levels of USG and NPK briquette. The highest plant height of jhum rice (139.23 cm), effective tillers hill-1 (16.60), panicle length (30.23 cm), highest number of filled grain panicle-1 (245.23), 1000 grain weight (28.0 gm), straw yield (4.15 t/ha) and grain yield (3.56 t/ha) were found from T5 treatment receiving 100%NPK briquette (267.5 kg ha-1) and for all cases lowest results were found in T1 treatment receiving no fertilizer (control).","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116070706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Azra Munirah Mat Daud, S. N. Rahmat, A. Madun, M. Mustapa
{"title":"ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN RAINWATER HARVESTING FOR POTENTIAL POTABLE AND NON-POTABLE WATER PRODUCTION","authors":"Azra Munirah Mat Daud, S. N. Rahmat, A. Madun, M. Mustapa","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.55.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.55.48","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews recent literatures on issues and challenges in rainwater harvesting and its potential application for potable and non-potable uses. Vast articles published between 1982 and 2019 were found, which some of them revealing concerns on various issues regarding the factors affecting the implementation of rainwater harvesting, in fulfilling the needs for rainwater as the alternative water resource. More research should be conducted in the future, in addressing the issues. While the practice of rainwater harvesting is back to track, the degree of its modern implementation varies greatly across the globe, and often relates with problems in maximizing the potential benefits and system efficacy. Future research should be more devoted to the understanding of technological and non-technological issues, as well as the factors effecting the quantity and quality of rainwater, to improve the rainwater harvesting system, therefore increase the system efficacy and community acceptance.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126463427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomoki Sugiyama, A. Dabwan, M. Furukawa, Ikki Tateishi, H. Katsumata, S. Kaneco
{"title":"PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF BISPHENOL E WITH NANO-SCLAED TiO2 IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION UNDER SOLAR RADIATION","authors":"Tomoki Sugiyama, A. Dabwan, M. Furukawa, Ikki Tateishi, H. Katsumata, S. Kaneco","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.34.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.34.40","url":null,"abstract":"In this work focus was paid to the photocatalytic degradation of Bisphenol E with nano-scaled TiO2 solution under sunlight. Instruments used for characterization and study the removal efficiency were; visible ultraviolet spectrophotometer, SEM (acceleration voltage 25kV) and TEM (acceleration voltage 80kV), X-ray diffraction and BET surface area. Under the optimum conditions; (pH;6, Radiation time; 90 min, Catalyst wt; 0.2g, reaction temperature; 20 oC), complete degradation was obtained. Byproducts from this study could be similar to our previous ones since Bisphenol A and Bisphenol E have very similar structures, hence their decomposition intermediates most probable not to be far. it was found that the decomposition reaction of bisphenol E follows the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122585267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anish Gyawali, Khemraj Upadhyaya, B. Panthi, Homnath Ghimire, G. Gautam, Suraj Gupta
{"title":"HEAT STRESS EFFECT ON WHEAT: A REVIEW","authors":"Anish Gyawali, Khemraj Upadhyaya, B. Panthi, Homnath Ghimire, G. Gautam, Suraj Gupta","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.05.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.03.2021.05.08","url":null,"abstract":"Heat stress is the main limiting factors for wheat production worldwide. Raising of temperature above 31°C during grain filling causes heat stress. Every 1°C rise in temperature reduced the wheat production by 6%. Under heat stress, the plant highly produced reactive element known as oxygen reactive species. ROS disturbs the function of the cell by their negative action on lipids, protein and DNA. Heat stress disrupt the plant water relation, cell turgidity, reduced seed germination and seedling growth, deactivation of photosynthetic enzymes, disturb translocation of photosynthate due to which it reduced grain number and grain filling. Management approaches like agronomic management and genetic management can be applied against heat stress. The main objective of this review is to study the responses of wheat towards heat stress and its management practices.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130919505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}