{"title":"BIOFERTILIZERS- A BRIEF INSIGHT","authors":"Sirpat Badhai","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.04.2022.10.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.04.2022.10.14","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical fertilizers are more commonly used for crop production nowadays, which has a negative impact on soil and environmental quality. The rising use of chemical inputs in agricultural production systems harmed the sustainability of agricultural crop production systems, raised cultivation costs, and reduced partial factor productivity, making preserving global food security and environmental quality a difficult task. Increasing usage of commercial agrochemicals over the previous century led in bioaccumulation of various pollutants in agricultural soils and surrounding water bodies. Various scientists have observed that the constant and indiscriminate use of primary nutrients (N, P, and K) has resulted in numerous micro and secondary nutrient shortage as well as a negative impact on soil health. Microorganisms can play a variety of roles in organic farming's long-term sustainability. According to the literature, using nitrogenous fertilizers under certain meteorological conditions might result in the release of nitrous oxide (N2O), which contribute to the greenhouse effect and causes environmental imbalances. As a result, biofertilizers microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae have been proposed as potential solutions for large-scale agricultural practices that are not only ecological, ecofriendly, and cost-effective, but also sustain soil structure and biodiversity. Microbes as biofertilizers are being investigated as an alternative to chemical fertilizers in the agricultural industry because of their vast potential for improving crop yield and food safety.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127902873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COMMENTS ON “BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION AND DEPOSITIONAL MODEL OF THE LATE THANETIAN RANIKOT AND THE YPRESIAN LAKI FORMATIONS IN THE SUBSURFACE OF THE SOUTHERN INDUS BASIN, PAKISTAN”","authors":"Maqsood ur Rahman","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.04.2022.22.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.04.2022.22.24","url":null,"abstract":"This note aims to criticize the identification of key larger benthic foraminifera (LBF) at species or genus rankand the biostratigraphic interpretations. The species figured in the under-discussion paper are largely misidentified. The authors did not follow the fundamental principles for the identification of the LBF. Usingthe misidenti fied species led to the incorrect establishment of the shallow benthic zones (SBZ). Consequently,pro vided the wrong biostratigraphic age to the Lower Eocene succession of the Southern Indus Basin. Themicropaleontological analysis coupled with microfacies description that suffers from the misidentification of most key-index taxa is useful for the definition of a precise depositional environment. The stratigraphic nomenclature is also wrong throughout the article where the authors confused the Group and Formation. The italic and non-italic protocols for the species and genus rank are also wrong throughout the article. Therefore, this note highlights the errors which have been made regarding the age, depositional model, and nomenclature of the Lower Eocene succession of the Southern Indus Basin.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121892493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IMPACTS OF IPM TACTICS IN NEPAL - A REVIEW","authors":"Brihaspati Sigdel, Bramha Nand Kurmi, Krishna Hari Tiwari, Nitish Kumar Roy, Prasanna Pokharel","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.04.2022.19.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.04.2022.19.21","url":null,"abstract":"Nepal, a country whose most of the economy is dependent on agriculture yearns to be self-sufficient but due to an unaware as well as ignorant population and poor infrastructure, the productivity is still unsatisfactory. As a result of which, haphazard use of pesticides was exercised. To resolve this problem, IPM tactics were introduced that includes a combination of biological, physical, chemical, cultural, and all kind of strategies to minimize pest risk and improve the yield sustainably. IPM components must be institutionalized in appropriate educational, research, extension, and farmer groups, as IPM has been proposed as an option for reducing pesticides overuse and misuse. The dissemination of these tactics to all levels of farmers is still underway in Nepal. However, the impacts seen are considerable. According to various research, the implementation of IPM tactics and approaches has drastically (more than 50%) reduced pesticide uses and increased yield by more than 10% in a very short period. Its complete execution is yet to be obtained which will revolutionize the agricultural practices and economic pattern of import and export.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133378137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ORGANIC FARMING: A FEASIBLE SOLUTION TO AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY: A DETAILED REVIEW","authors":"Babita Bastakoti, D. Khanal","doi":"10.26480/itechmag.04.2022.25.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/itechmag.04.2022.25.27","url":null,"abstract":"The ove ruse of chemicals and pesticides on the concept of increasing production is declining soil health, biodiversity, and cropland. As a result of which it has been a major threat to agricultural longevity to be thesame in future generations. Organic agriculture boosts agricultural production while also improving soil and consumer health, and it appears to be a superior alternative in many nations where the integrated croplivestock system is still widespread. The paper attempts to bring light on the current scenario of paced organic agriculture and the solutions to restore pesticide-dominated agricultural farming.","PeriodicalId":215601,"journal":{"name":"INWASCON Technology Magazine","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123023147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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