Schizophrenia Bulletin最新文献

The Retinal Age Gap as a Marker of Accelerated Aging in the Early Course of Schizophrenia

IF 6.6 1区医学

Schizophrenia Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaf038

Paweł Krukow, Adam Domagała, Adam Kiersztyn, Brittany A Blose, Adriann Lai, Steven M Silverstein

{"title":"The Retinal Age Gap as a Marker of Accelerated Aging in the Early Course of Schizophrenia","authors":"Paweł Krukow, Adam Domagała, Adam Kiersztyn, Brittany A Blose, Adriann Lai, Steven M Silverstein","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbaf038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaf038","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Hypothesis Given the available findings confirming accelerated brain aging in schizophrenia (SZ), we conducted a study aimed at verifying whether quantitative retinal morphological data enable age prediction and whether schizophrenia patients present with a positive retinal age gap (RAG). Study Design Two samples of patients and controls were enrolled: one included 59 SZ patients and 60 controls, all of whom underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) enabling the measurement of 72 variables. A second sample of 65 SZ patients and 70 controls was then combined with the first sample, to generate a database where each subject was represented by 28 morphological variables. Four different machine learning (ML) algorithms were used for age prediction based on z-standardized OCT data. The associations between RAG, demographic, and clinical data were also analyzed. Study Results Patients from both samples had significantly higher retinal age and positive RAG ranging between 5.88 and 7.44 years depending on the specific sample. Predictions based on the larger group but with fewer OCT variables exhibited higher prediction relative error. All ML algorithms generated similar outcomes regarding retinal age. RAG correlated with the dose of antipsychotic medication and the severity of symptoms. Correlations with chronological age showed that RAG was the highest in younger patients, and from the age of about 45 years, it decreased. Conclusions ML-based results corroborated accelerated retinal aging in schizophrenia and showed its associations with pharmacological treatment and syndrome severity. The finding of a larger RAG in younger patients is novel and requires replication.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insight and Its Trajectory: Predicting the Risk of Psychiatric Hospitalizations Among First-Episode Psychosis During the First Year of Coordinated Specialty Care 洞察力及其轨迹：预测专科协调护理第一年内首发精神病患者的精神病住院风险

IF 6.6 1区医学

Schizophrenia Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaf019

Hadar Hazan, Maria Ferrara, Toni Gibbs-Dean, Sümeyra N Tayfur, Silvia Corbera, Sneha Karmani, Zhiqian Song, Fangyong Li, Ilias Vlachos, Mirjana Selakovic, Cenk Tek, Vinod H Srihari

{"title":"Insight and Its Trajectory: Predicting the Risk of Psychiatric Hospitalizations Among First-Episode Psychosis During the First Year of Coordinated Specialty Care","authors":"Hadar Hazan, Maria Ferrara, Toni Gibbs-Dean, Sümeyra N Tayfur, Silvia Corbera, Sneha Karmani, Zhiqian Song, Fangyong Li, Ilias Vlachos, Mirjana Selakovic, Cenk Tek, Vinod H Srihari","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbaf019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaf019","url":null,"abstract":"Background This study explored how baseline insight predicts psychiatric hospitalization risk among 186 individuals with first-episode psychosis in coordinated specialty care (CSC). We hypothesized that insight, a potentially modifiable factor, moderates the relationship between CSC enrollment and outcomes, with a high baseline and stable high insight predicting greater reductions in hospitalizations and lengths of stay (LOS). Design Insight was assessed using the G12 item of the positive and negative syndrome scale, categorizing participants into low (G12 ≥ 4; n = 87) or high (G12 &lt; 4; n = 99) insight groups at baseline. Six longitudinal trajectories were identified: stable high (n = 48), increasing (n = 41), declining (n = 31), stable low (n = 27), high-low-high (n = 20), and low-high-low (n = 19). Hospitalization data were collected for 12 months pre- and post-CSC enrollment. Results Participants with high baseline insight demonstrated a 95% greater relative reduction in hospitalizations (relative risk reduction = 1.95, P = .002), indicating that insight moderated the relationship between CSC enrollment and hospitalization outcomes. Longitudinally, the stable high insight group exhibited the most substantial reductions in hospitalizations (risk ratio [RR] = 0.12, P &lt; .001) and LOS (RR = 0.04, P &lt; .001), outperforming the stable low and fluctuating insight groups. Conclusion Insight moderates the relationship between CSC enrollment and hospitalization outcomes, predicting clinical improvements in early psychosis. Interventions targeting insight may enhance CSC benefits by reducing hospitalizations and improving recovery trajectories.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combining the Risk: The Poly-Environmental Risk Score and Psychotic Symptoms in Adolescents 综合风险：青少年的多环境风险评分和精神病症状

IF 6.6 1区医学

Schizophrenia Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaf046

Diandra C Bouter, Susan J Ravensbergen, Nita G M de Neve-Enthoven, Sibel Ercan, Benno Bakker, Mark H de Jong, Witte J G Hoogendijk, Nina H Grootendorst-van Mil

{"title":"Combining the Risk: The Poly-Environmental Risk Score and Psychotic Symptoms in Adolescents","authors":"Diandra C Bouter, Susan J Ravensbergen, Nita G M de Neve-Enthoven, Sibel Ercan, Benno Bakker, Mark H de Jong, Witte J G Hoogendijk, Nina H Grootendorst-van Mil","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbaf046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaf046","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Hypothesis Psychotic symptoms are common in adolescents and predictive of psychiatric disorders. Numerous risk factors have been shown to precede psychiatric disorders. However, investigating individual risk factors does not account for the cumulative effect these risk factors may have. Therefore, we combined well-researched environmental risk factors for psychotic disorder in a composite measure: the poly-environmental risk score (PERS). Study Design Risk factors were assessed in a cohort of 801 adolescents (aged 15) at risk for psychopathology. Binarized risk factors included winter birth, low gestational age, low birth weight, ethnic minority status, urban living environment, cannabis use, victim of bullying, emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, high paternal age, parental severe mental illness, parental divorce, and parental death. The PERS was weighted with the log odds derived from recent meta-analyses. At age 18, self-reported psychotic experiences (PE) and clinician-rated psychotic symptoms (PS) were assessed. This updated PERS was compared to previous PERS models, which included fewer risk factors and different weightings. Study Results The PERS was associated with PE and PS. Specifically, a PERS between 3 and 4, and PERS &gt; 4 corresponded with a 2.2- and 5.2-fold increase in the odds of psychotic symptoms in late adolescence. The updated 14-item PERS performed better compared to previous compositions of the PERS. Conclusions A composite score of childhood and adolescent risk factors measured at age 15 was associated with psychotic symptoms at age 18. Future research should consider the cumulative effect of risk factors when examining the determinants of psychopathology.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacologic Augmentation of Computerized Auditory Training in Chronic Psychosis: Preliminary Findings From a Single-Site, Double-Blind Study

IF 6.6 1区医学

Schizophrenia Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaf015

Neal R Swerdlow, Joyce Sprock, Francesca Li, Jenny Min Din, Jessica Minhas, Jo Talledo, Yash B Joshi, Juan L Molina, Bethany Nordberg, Kevin Ing, Michael L Thomas, Gregory A Light

{"title":"Pharmacologic Augmentation of Computerized Auditory Training in Chronic Psychosis: Preliminary Findings From a Single-Site, Double-Blind Study","authors":"Neal R Swerdlow, Joyce Sprock, Francesca Li, Jenny Min Din, Jessica Minhas, Jo Talledo, Yash B Joshi, Juan L Molina, Bethany Nordberg, Kevin Ing, Michael L Thomas, Gregory A Light","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbaf015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaf015","url":null,"abstract":"Background Computerized auditory training (AT) modestly improves symptoms, cognition, and functioning in schizophrenia. We assessed whether d-amphetamine (AMPH) or memantine (MEM) can enhance gains from 30-h of AT. Methods Antipsychotic-medicated individuals with chronic psychosis (n = 68; mean age 47.03y; M:F = 39:29) completed up to 30 AT sessions (2-3/week; n = 50 completed 30 sessions) in 3 groups: “AMPH group” (AMPH (5 mg po) 1-h before each AT session); “MEM group” (titrated to 10 mg MEM bid and maintained that dose throughout training); “PBO group” (PBO dosed identically to either AMPH or MEM). Primary (PANSS total, MCCB Composite, WHODAS) and secondary (PANSS positive, PANSS negative, YMRS, PHQ-9, PSYRATS) outcome measures were acquired at baseline, after 10, 20, and 30 AT sessions, and 12 weeks post-training. Pill identity (active/PBO) was blind to subjects and staff. Results Marginally significant between-group gains for AMPH vs PBO were detected for one of three primary outcomes (WHODAS, P =.050; but not PANSS total or MCCB Composite), and for 3 of 5 secondary clinical outcomes (PANSS positive, YMRS, PSYRATS, P’s≤.027–.049). Within-subject gains over time were detected for primary and secondary clinical measures for AMPH (P’s≤.014–.004) and MEM (P’s≤.02–.001) groups; some of these would not survive conservative correction for multiple comparisons. No measures detected symptom worsening; treatment satisfaction exceeded subjects’ expectations. Conclusions Results are mixed; drug-associated gains in several measures vs PBO suggest that these regimens may augment AT-induced functional and clinical improvement in psychosis patients, independent of changes in neurocognition. Assessment in larger samples seems warranted.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Imagery-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques for Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Psychosis Spectrum Disorders: Four Experimental Case Series

IF 6.6 1区医学

Schizophrenia Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaf033

Hella Janssen, Karin C van den Berg, Ger P J Keijsers, Georgie Paulik, Katherine Newman-Taylor, Christopher D J Taylor, Craig Steel, Machteld C Marcelis

{"title":"Imagery-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques for Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Psychosis Spectrum Disorders: Four Experimental Case Series","authors":"Hella Janssen, Karin C van den Berg, Ger P J Keijsers, Georgie Paulik, Katherine Newman-Taylor, Christopher D J Taylor, Craig Steel, Machteld C Marcelis","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbaf033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaf033","url":null,"abstract":"Background In psychosis spectrum disorders, maladaptive mental imagery is associated with auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs). This study evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of the following 4 imagery techniques in targeting mental imagery and AVHs severity: Imagery Rescripting (ImRs), Promoting positive Imagery de novo (Pos-Im), Metacognitive Imagery techniques (Meta-Im), and playing Tetris. Study Design Four replicated single-case series experimental designs were used. Participants were randomized to 1 of the 4 treatment conditions. Primary, we measured the severity of mental imagery and AVHs thrice daily on an 11-point VAS scale during a 2-week baseline, throughout 3 weeks of therapy, and during a 2-week follow-up phase. Randomization tests were used to examine whether daily severity levels of momentary mental imagery and AVHs decreased post-therapy. Secondary, questionnaires assessing the severity of AVHs, mental imagery characteristics, and levels of mood, anxiety, and functioning were administered at baseline, before, and posttreatment. Results Twenty-eight participants completed all treatment sessions. Mental imagery significantly decreased after ImRs (P &lt; .001, d = 1.13) and Pos-Im (P = .039, d = 0.22), with no significant effects observed following Meta-Im or Tetris. AVHs significantly decreased with all treatment conditions, with largest effects for ImRs (P = .001, d = 1.39) and Pos-Im (P &lt; .001, d = 1.99). Secondary results demonstrated reductions in the severity of AVHs, mood, anxiety, imagery frequency, and appraisals. Conclusions Imagery techniques appear feasible and acceptable for addressing mental imagery and AVHs in the psychosis continuum and may be valuable additions to current treatment for AVHs.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pimavanserin as an Adjunctive Treatment for the Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia (ADVANCE-2) in Patients With Predominant Negative Symptoms.

IF 5.3 1区医学

Schizophrenia Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaf034

Dragana Bugarski-Kirola, I-Yuan Liu, Celso Arango, Stephen R Marder

{"title":"A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pimavanserin as an Adjunctive Treatment for the Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia (ADVANCE-2) in Patients With Predominant Negative Symptoms.","authors":"Dragana Bugarski-Kirola, I-Yuan Liu, Celso Arango, Stephen R Marder","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbaf034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaf034","url":null,"abstract":"Background and hypotheses: Negative symptoms of schizophrenia (NSS) carry a substantial burden, and there are no treatments currently approved for NSS. The efficacy of pimavanserin, a selective 5-HT2A inverse agonist and antagonist, in treating NSS was assessed.Study design: ADVANCE-2 was a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of pimavanserin in patients with schizophrenia and predominantly negative symptoms. Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive pimavanserin (34 mg/day) or placebo alongside ongoing background antipsychotic medication. Eligible adults were aged 18-55 years and had access to a caregiver. The primary and key secondary endpoints were the change from baseline to week 26 in the Negative Symptom Assessment-16 (NSA-16) total score and Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia Scale-Severity (CGI-SCH-S) negative symptom score, respectively.Study results: Of the 454 randomized patients, 71 (39 placebo; 32 pimavanserin) discontinued and 383 (188 placebo; 195 pimavanserin) completed the study. The safety and full analysis sets comprised 453 and 446 patients, respectively. The NSA-16 change from baseline to week 26 was not significantly different between groups (least squares mean difference: -0.67; SE, 0.95; [95% CI: -2.54, 1.20]; P = .48; Cohen's d effect size: 0.07). Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 30.4% with pimavanserin and 40.3% with placebo.Conclusions: In this study, pimavanserin was well tolerated, and although it demonstrated a similar treatment effect as in the prior phase 2 study favoring pimavanserin, treatment with pimavanserin vs placebo did not result in significant differences for primary or other endpoints.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Primary and Interaction Effects of Minor Physical Anomalies: Development and Validation of Prediction Models Using Explainable Machine Learning Algorithms for Early-Onset Schizophrenia.

IF 5.3 1区医学

Schizophrenia Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaf016

Chih-Wei Lin, Jin-Jia Lin, Huai-Hsuan Tseng, Fong-Lin Jang, Ming-Kun Lu, Po-See Chen, Chih-Chun Huang, Chi-Yu Yao, Tzu-Yun Wang, Wei-Hung Chang, Hung-Pin Tan, Sheng-Hsiang Lin

{"title":"Exploring Primary and Interaction Effects of Minor Physical Anomalies: Development and Validation of Prediction Models Using Explainable Machine Learning Algorithms for Early-Onset Schizophrenia.","authors":"Chih-Wei Lin, Jin-Jia Lin, Huai-Hsuan Tseng, Fong-Lin Jang, Ming-Kun Lu, Po-See Chen, Chih-Chun Huang, Chi-Yu Yao, Tzu-Yun Wang, Wei-Hung Chang, Hung-Pin Tan, Sheng-Hsiang Lin","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbaf016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaf016","url":null,"abstract":"Background and hypothesis: Minor physical abnormalities (MPAs) are neurodevelopmental markers that can be traced to prenatal events and may be significant features of early-onset schizophrenia (EOS). Therefore, our study aimed to (1) find the primary and interaction effects of MPAs for EOS and (2) develop and validate the model for EOS based on explainable machine learning algorithms.Study design: The study included 549 patients with schizophrenia (193 EOS and 356 AOS) and 420 healthy controls (HC) in southern Taiwan. For the feature selection, variable selection using random forests (varSelRF) and recursive feature elimination (RFE) were applied to identify the important variables of MPAs. We used different machine learning algorithms to build the prediction models based on the selected MPAs variables.Study results: The results showed that the mouth anomalies are significant MPAs variables and have interaction effects with craniofacial MPAs variables for EOS. The prediction models using the selected MPAs variables performed better in discriminating EOS vs HC compared to AOS vs HC. The AUC values for distinguishing EOS vs HC were 0.85-0.93, AOS vs HC were 0.80-0.87, and EOS vs AOS were 0.67-0.77 in validation sets.Conclusions: This risk prediction model provides a clinical decision support system for detecting patients at high risk of developing EOS and enables early intervention in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital Phenotyping Measurement of Smartphone Social Behavior is Associated with Illness Progression Risk Scores in Young People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis.

IF 5.3 1区医学

Schizophrenia Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaf032

Franchesca S Kuhney, Gregory P Strauss, Elaine F Walker, Sydney H James, Vijay A Mittal

{"title":"Digital Phenotyping Measurement of Smartphone Social Behavior is Associated with Illness Progression Risk Scores in Young People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis.","authors":"Franchesca S Kuhney, Gregory P Strauss, Elaine F Walker, Sydney H James, Vijay A Mittal","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbaf032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaf032","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Young people at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-p) commonly experience social impairment, which contributes to functional decline and predicts transition to psychotic illness. Although the use of smart phone technology and social media platforms for social interaction is widespread among today's youth, it is unclear whether aberrant digital social interactions contribute to risk for conversion and functional impairment in CHR-p. The current study sought to characterize the nature of social smartphone and social media use in a CHR-p sample and determine its association with clinical symptoms and risk for conversion to psychosis.Study design: CHR-p (n = 132) and HC (n = 61) participants completed clinical interviews and 6 days of digital phenotyping that monitored total smartphone use, ratio of outgoing to incoming text messages and phone calls, social media use, and ecological momentary assessment surveys focused on in-person and electronic social interactions. Study Results: CHR-p did not differ from HC in total smartphone use for social communication or active social media use. However, CHR-p participants reported significantly less daily passive social media use compared to HC peers, and decreased text message reciprocity predicted 1- and 2-year conversion risk.Conclusions: Results demonstrate a nuanced digital social landscape with divergent relationships from in-person social behavior and suggest online socialization has implications for high-precision identification and intervention strategies among the CHR-p population.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbiome-Gut-Brain Profiles in Schizophrenia and Their Potential Link to Cognitive Performance: Findings from a Case-Control Study.

IF 5.3 1区医学

Schizophrenia Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaf028

Hui Wu, Xu Jiawei, Zhi Wen, Yunwu Han, Yaxi Liu, Shengyun Chen, Zhiye Ye, Jianbo Li, Liwei Xie, Xiaoli Wu

{"title":"Microbiome-Gut-Brain Profiles in Schizophrenia and Their Potential Link to Cognitive Performance: Findings from a Case-Control Study.","authors":"Hui Wu, Xu Jiawei, Zhi Wen, Yunwu Han, Yaxi Liu, Shengyun Chen, Zhiye Ye, Jianbo Li, Liwei Xie, Xiaoli Wu","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbaf028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaf028","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Increasing evidence indicates the role of microbiome-gut-brain axis in schizophrenia (SZ). However, few studies have examined the potential links among the gut microbiome, brain structure and function, and clinical manifestation in SZ patients, and the effects of prolonged antipsychotic treatment are often neglected.Study design: A total of 171 participants were enrolled, including 27 drug-naïve first-episode SZ patients (FSZ), 72 chronically antipsychotics-treated SZ patients (CSZ), and 72 healthy controls (HCs). Multi-omics data, including fecal 16S rRNA sequencing, structural and functional brain imaging analyses, and assessments of psychotic symptoms and cognitive function, were obtained to characterize the microbiome-gut-brain axis in SZ patients. Correlation and mediation analyses were conducted to assess the relationships among the gut microbiome, neuroimaging features, and clinical manifestations.Study results: Compared with HCs, 3 key diagnostic genera were identified in SZ, characterized by decreased abundance of Blautia (FSZ/CSZ < HCs) and increased abundance of Proteus and Arthrobacter (FSZ > CSZ > HCs). This microbial dysbiosis was accompanied by down-regulated bile acids biosynthesis and up-regulated lipid metabolism. Further analyses revealed a tripartite relationship among the key microbial genera, altered brain structure and function, and clinical manifestation in separate SZ subgroups. Importantly, higher abundance of Proteus may result in lower scores on several cognitive domains by disrupting gray matter volume and regional homogeneity in specific brain regions.Conclusions: This work advances our knowledge of microbiota-gut-brain disturbances and its potential role on cognitive performance in SZ. Moreover, our results highlight the importance of considering antipsychotic exposure in gut-brain research.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing the Placebo Response and Identifying Influential Factors in Oral Medication Trials for Acute-Phase Schizophrenia.

IF 5.3 1区医学

Schizophrenia Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaf013

Jiyuan Ren, Lei Zhang, Ling Xu, Yinghua Lv, Jihan Huang, Yulin Feng, Haoyang Guo, Yexuan Wang, Juan Yang, Qingshan Zheng, Lujin Li

{"title":"Analyzing the Placebo Response and Identifying Influential Factors in Oral Medication Trials for Acute-Phase Schizophrenia.","authors":"Jiyuan Ren, Lei Zhang, Ling Xu, Yinghua Lv, Jihan Huang, Yulin Feng, Haoyang Guo, Yexuan Wang, Juan Yang, Qingshan Zheng, Lujin Li","doi":"10.1093/schbul/sbaf013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaf013","url":null,"abstract":"Background and hypothesis: This study aims to develop a placebo response and dropout rate model for acute-phase schizophrenia medication trials and assess factors affecting this response to inform future trial design.Study design: We conducted a literature update using a comprehensive meta-analysis of schizophrenia medication trials, focusing on oral placebo-controlled studies. We modeled the placebo response on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness (CGI-S) scale over time and analyzed dropout rates. Influential factors were explored using covariate models and subgroup analyses.Study results: Aggregate-level data from 48 publications were analyzed. The placebo response reached a plateau at different weeks for PANSS and CGI-S scale scores. The lower the baseline of PANSS total score, older age, heavier body weight, a higher proportion of male or Black patients, smaller sample sizes, single-country trials, older studies, and the use of the Last Observation Carried Forward imputation were associated with a lower placebo response. Maximum response of PANSS Total score and gender significantly influenced dropout rates.Conclusions: We present a model predicting placebo response in schizophrenia trials, offering insights into the impact of various trial characteristics, aiding in the design and interpretation of future clinical studies.","PeriodicalId":21530,"journal":{"name":"Schizophrenia Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0