{"title":"Optimizing bending strength of laminated bamboo using confined bamboo with softwoods","authors":"A. Cruz, C. Takeuchi","doi":"10.1515/secm-2022-0215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2022-0215","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of the study was to improve the stiffness and bending strength of laminated bamboo through confinement with softwood. A total of 144 beams were tested, divided into 6 groups of 24 specimens each. The tests were conducted on specimens of laminated bamboo, wood, and composite sections with different levels of confined bamboo laminate (20, 40, 60, and 80%). The results indicated that the composite exhibited optimal behavior when the ratio of bamboo to wood was between 46 and 54%. Furthermore, the composite demonstrated a bending modulus of elasticity that was 16.6% higher and a modulus of rupture that was 18.3% higher than the values predicted by the mixing rule. A mathematical model was developed to predict the design mechanical properties based on composite thickness. This model was validated through 18 additional bending tests. This new material is an environmentally sustainable alternative that has the potential to be used as beams in buildings, providing improved mechanical performance, reduced weight, and lower manufacturing cost compared to bamboo laminates.","PeriodicalId":21480,"journal":{"name":"Science and Engineering of Composite Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41495929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ahmad, Mohamed Moafak Arbili, A. Deifalla, Abdeltif Salmi, A. Maglad, Fadi Althoey
{"title":"Sustainable concrete with partial substitution of paper pulp ash: A review","authors":"J. Ahmad, Mohamed Moafak Arbili, A. Deifalla, Abdeltif Salmi, A. Maglad, Fadi Althoey","doi":"10.1515/secm-2022-0193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2022-0193","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper industry is one of the biggest sources of trash and stands out for its effects on both human health and ecological harmony. However, these waste could also help the building sector become more ecologically friendly. Beyond ecological considerations, modern construction often requires materials to make concrete durable, resisting heavy loads and less harmful environmental influences. This creates opportunities for waste management and practical application. This review provides a detail overview of eco-friendly construction ideas that deal with the practical use of materials that are often discarded (paper pulp ash). The impact they had on the characteristics of the construction material, the best mixture composition, and a discussion of the benefits and drawbacks of the “green” addition received the majority of the attention (paper pulp ash). The essential concrete properties such as consistency, setting time, flowability, compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, and impact strength are reviewed. Furthermore, the cost benefits and environmental benefits of paper pulp ash as construction materials are also discussed. The study concludes by suggesting a line of inquiry for the creation of an environmentally friendly structural material for a sustainable future.","PeriodicalId":21480,"journal":{"name":"Science and Engineering of Composite Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41276890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical and tribological properties of C/C–SiC ceramic composites with different preforms","authors":"Yuqing Peng, Zhiwei Li, Aijun Li, Qifan Wang, R. Bai, Fangzhou Zhang","doi":"10.1515/secm-2022-0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2022-0205","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The C/C–SiC composites were fabricated by the liquid silicon infiltration method. The mechanical and tribological properties of C/C–SiC composites were assessed and compared based on different C/C densities and the carbon fiber textile architecture. The results demonstrated that the bending and shear strengths of C/C–SiC were lower than those of C/C composites, which resulted from the carbon fibers being corroded during the process of infiltration of liquid silicon. In contrast to C/C composites, the compressive strength of C/C–SiC exhibited higher values due to the presence of SiC ceramics. Moreover, the mechanical strength of C/C composites increased gradually with the increase of the C/C preform density. The tribological properties of various C/C–SiC composites showed a stable friction phase at an intermediate braking stage. When the density of C/C preforms was around 1.78 g/cm3, the C/C–SiC composites exhibited excellent friction coefficients (0.438 and 0.465), and low wear rates (linear and weight wear rates were 0.450 µm/time and 0.123 g/cycle, respectively). Furthermore, the C/C–SiC composites fabricated with non-woven carbon fiber needling preforms showed relatively a higher friction value and wear rate than those of C/C–SiC with PANOF integral C/C preforms. Therefore, C/C–SiC composites have been considered promising friction materials for braking system applications.","PeriodicalId":21480,"journal":{"name":"Science and Engineering of Composite Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49300174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ahmad, M. Alqurashi, Hani Alanazi, A. Deifalla, A. Yosri
{"title":"Durability and microstructure study on concrete made with sewage sludge ash: A review (Part Ⅱ)","authors":"J. Ahmad, M. Alqurashi, Hani Alanazi, A. Deifalla, A. Yosri","doi":"10.1515/secm-2022-0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2022-0202","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The quantity of carbon dioxide gas released during the manufacturing and acquisition of raw ingredients determines the sustainability of concrete. Industrial garbage dumping is a critical difficulty that humanity is experiencing because of globalization and the increasing population. Through the efficient use of industrial by products, efforts are being undertaken to lower carbon discharges in the concreting process. It has been recommended by sustainable development goals and standards to use byproducts that have lower embodied energy and carbon emissions. Ash from sewage sludge demonstrates its suitability for use in concrete. However, a compressive assessment is needed to determine the past, present, and future research aspects of using sewage sludge ash (SSA) as a construction material. Therefore, this research is carried out on using SSA as a construction material. All the essential properties such as the physical and chemical properties of SSA, its effect on durability properties, and morphology structure study are the main aspect of this review (Part II). The analysis also highlights the research gap for upcoming exploration which further improved its performance.","PeriodicalId":21480,"journal":{"name":"Science and Engineering of Composite Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44232562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Micro-damage analysis and numerical simulation of composite solid propellant based on in situ tensile test","authors":"Yongqiang Li, Gaochun Li","doi":"10.1515/secm-2022-0196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2022-0196","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to quantitatively analyze the mesoscopic damage process of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene composite solid propellant under external load, periodic boundary conditions were applied to the representative volume element model based on sample composition and morphology, the mixed matrix containing aluminum powder was homogenized, and the hyperelastic matrix damage and bilinear/exponential particle–matrix interface cohesive model with initial damage were compiled through the secondary development of Abaqus. At the same time, a data interaction platform was constructed by means of Python and MATLAB, matrix and cohesion parameters were inverted according to the optimization algorithm and experimental data, and the whole process of propellant damage and fracture was simulated from the mesoscopic perspective. The results show that combining the adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm and the Hooke–Jeeves algorithm can achieve the global optimal parameter inversion in 102 calculations, compared with the single local search algorithm, which can cut about 11% of the objective function values. Considering the matrix damage and the exponential cohesion model with initial damage, the optimal objective function value is 0.01635, which can more accurately simulate the propellant damage and fracture process compared with 0.02136 of a bilinear cohesion model.","PeriodicalId":21480,"journal":{"name":"Science and Engineering of Composite Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44960234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Failure analysis of sandwich beams under three-point bending based on theoretical and numerical models","authors":"Zenggui Jin, Wentao Mao, Fengpeng Yang","doi":"10.1515/secm-2022-0224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2022-0224","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article presents a comprehensive study on the failure behavior of foam core sandwich beams under three-point bending using theoretical analysis and finite element methods. A displacement formula for the foam sandwich beam is derived, considering the shear deformation of the foam core. Based on this formula, the deflection is obtained using energy and Rayleigh–Ritz methods. The failure loads of face yielding, core shearing, and indentation are combined to construct a failure mechanism map. The proposed theoretical model is then compared with existing theoretical analyses, demonstrating higher prediction accuracy. To investigate nonlinear damage and size effects, a series of finite element analyses is conducted. The results suggest that increasing the face sheet thickness has a greater impact on the ultimate load capacity, while the foam core thickness is more effective in enhancing bending stiffness.","PeriodicalId":21480,"journal":{"name":"Science and Engineering of Composite Materials","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135953195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Zhu, Zhe Che, Youpei Du, P. Hou, Lijun Zhang, Junpeng Wang, Tao Zhang, Zhengwei Dai, Yi-Koan Hong, W. Han
{"title":"A novel 3D woven carbon fiber composite with super interlayer performance hybridized by CNT tape and copper wire simultaneously","authors":"Yu Zhu, Zhe Che, Youpei Du, P. Hou, Lijun Zhang, Junpeng Wang, Tao Zhang, Zhengwei Dai, Yi-Koan Hong, W. Han","doi":"10.1515/secm-2022-0219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2022-0219","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, a novel binary hybrid woven carbon nanotube (CNT) tape/copper wire carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite is prepared. The mode I interlaminar fracture toughness (G IC) is employed to critically evaluate the delamination performance. A comparison of the G IC value with that of the carbon fiber reinforced composite confirms that incorporating CNT tapes and copper wires into the composite increases the value by 263%. In the transverse and through-thickness direction, the conductivity of the laminate increases to 458 and 193 S/m, which is increased by 196 and 675%, respectively. The thermal conductivity along the thickness direction is increased to 2.27 W/m K, an increase of 134%. The volume fraction of CNT tapes and copper wire are as low as approximately 0.87 and 0.47 vol%, respectively. 3D woven composites have potential applications in high-performance structures and lightning striking protection such as aircraft, ships, and engines, which benefits by the innovative through-thickness implantation of composites using CNT tape and copper wire.","PeriodicalId":21480,"journal":{"name":"Science and Engineering of Composite Materials","volume":"2010 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41331826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lukas Haiden, A. Brunner, Amol V. Pansare, M. Feuchter, G. Pinter
{"title":"Tailoring the optical and UV reflectivity of CFRP-epoxy composites: Approaches and selected results","authors":"Lukas Haiden, A. Brunner, Amol V. Pansare, M. Feuchter, G. Pinter","doi":"10.1515/secm-2022-0175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2022-0175","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Specific nano- and micro-scale morphologies of composites can affect the resulting optical and UV reflectivity of the materials. One example is “Vantablack®” made from aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with 99.96% absorption. A similar material with CNTs grown on surface-activated aluminum (CNTs/sa-Al) even yielded 99.995% absorption, one order of magnitude higher than Vantablack®. On the other hand, fresh snow reflects 90% or more of the incident electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 400 and 1,000 nm. The reflectivity of snow originates from multiple scattering in the porous morphology made of snow grains. Taking these complex morphologies as inspiration, CFRP epoxy composites with different types, sizes, shapes, and amount of nanoparticles are prepared and compared regarding their optical and ultraviolet (UV) reflectivity. Increasing the reflectivity in the near and far UV may be beneficial for the durability of the epoxy composites, but selective higher or lower reflectivity in certain wavelength ranges may also yield tailored visual effects. Results from different processing approaches with selected nanoparticles are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":21480,"journal":{"name":"Science and Engineering of Composite Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43463508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calculation of specific surface area for tight rock characterization through high-pressure mercury intrusion","authors":"Hao Kang, Guanghui Li, Jian Gao","doi":"10.1515/secm-2022-0186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2022-0186","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As one of the unconventional oil and gas resources, tight oil is of great development prospect all over the world. The characterization of tight reservoir has important guiding significance for overcoming the problems in exploration as well as improving the development effect. As one of the characteristics of reservoir cores, the specific surface area is very important for the characterization of tight reservoirs. In this study, based on mercury injection data of tight reservoir core from Changqing Oilfield, through the establishment of equal diameter pore model, the specific surface area of pores corresponding to different radii is calculated, respectively, and the overall specific surface area of the core is obtained. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the mercury injection data and the calculation results, it is found that the pores with the medium radius (0.009–0.178 μm) have the greatest contribution to the pore volume, followed by the pores with smaller radius (0.004–0.007 μm), and the pores with larger radius (0.268–53.835 μm) have the least contribution to the pore volume. However, the pores with smaller radius (0.004–0.089 μm) have the greatest contribution to the specific surface area, followed by the pore with larger radius (0.133–6.666 μm), and the specific surface area of individual pores in the middle range (8.917 μm) has the least contribution. Therefore, the adsorption loss of surfactant and so on must be considered in the process of tight oil development. In the development process, a series of main technologies such as fracturing, new water/gas injection, and horizontal well development should be explored. Through the overall design and scale implementation of reservoir scale, the investment cost of unit-producing reserves can be effectively reduced, and ultimately, the maximum benefit of tight oil development can be realized.","PeriodicalId":21480,"journal":{"name":"Science and Engineering of Composite Materials","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41253540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study and prediction analysis on road performance of basalt fiber permeable concrete","authors":"Wenhua Wang, Jinzhong Zhu, Xiaojun Cheng, Da Jiang, Guoqin Shi, Xinghan Chen","doi":"10.1515/secm-2022-0223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2022-0223","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To analyze the influence of basalt fiber on the performance of permeable concrete for road applications, this study focuses on two key performance indicators: compressive strength and permeability coefficient of basalt fiber permeable concrete. Based on orthogonal experimental data, regression prediction equations were established using SPSS software to assess the effects of different fiber parameters on the compressive strength and permeability coefficient. The predicted results were then compared with experimental data. The findings indicate that the average relative error of the predicted values for both performance indicators is within a manageable range of 5%, demonstrating a high prediction accuracy. Using these regression equations, we can examine the variations in the road performance of basalt fiber permeable concrete under different fiber parameter conditions, thereby overcoming the limitations of conducting numerous parameter analysis experiments.","PeriodicalId":21480,"journal":{"name":"Science and Engineering of Composite Materials","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135052870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}