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Rail suicide: A systematic review using systems thinking
IF 4.7 1区 工程技术
Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106856
G.J.M. Read , I. Elstak , A. Naweed , J.A. Cox , L.S. Too , D.F. Hermens , R. McClure , P.M. Salmon
{"title":"Rail suicide: A systematic review using systems thinking","authors":"G.J.M. Read ,&nbsp;I. Elstak ,&nbsp;A. Naweed ,&nbsp;J.A. Cox ,&nbsp;L.S. Too ,&nbsp;D.F. Hermens ,&nbsp;R. McClure ,&nbsp;P.M. Salmon","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rail suicide is a complex problem with significant adverse social and economic impacts. Systems thinking approaches are commonly used to understand emergent outcomes in complex systems. Systems thinking takes the system as the unit of analysis; often using a hierarchical representation to show how decisions and actions made across levels of a system (e.g., by governments, regulators, industry associations, companies, and individuals) can interact to create adverse outcomes. However, the extent to which rail suicide research has explored the problem from a systems thinking approach is unclear. A systematic review was conducted to identify: (1) the theories and methods that have been used to investigate rail suicide in the peer reviewed literature; (2) the contributory and demographic/risk factors for rail suicide identified across system levels; and (3) the preventative measures to address rail suicide that have been evaluated in published studies. The review followed the PRISMA guidelines and the systems thinking techniques AcciMap and PreventiMap were used to map factors and interventions across system levels. Gaps identified included a lack of consideration of contributory factors at higher system levels, that few preventative measures have been subject to evaluation, and that there has been little consideration of relationships between preventative measures. The review highlights the need for structured systems approaches to gain a more holistic understanding of rail suicide and to design more effective preventative measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106856"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The part that we play: Engineers’ perceptions of their responsibility for public safety
IF 4.7 1区 工程技术
Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106862
Jan Hayes , Sarah Maslen , Sarah Holdsworth , Orana Sandri
{"title":"The part that we play: Engineers’ perceptions of their responsibility for public safety","authors":"Jan Hayes ,&nbsp;Sarah Maslen ,&nbsp;Sarah Holdsworth ,&nbsp;Orana Sandri","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the study of accident causation and prevention, safety research favors organizational explanations that minimize consideration of the agency of individuals. Challenging this framing of how to promote excellent safety performance in organizations, this paper presents an analysis of the perceptions of responsibility among practicing engineers regarding their role in public safety. Drawing on data from professional development workshops for gas sector engineers involving close to 100 participants, we found that engineers adopt a backward-looking responsibility framework to understand accident cases as linked to engineering practice for accident prevention. Many participants explain that they are far from the passive actors an organizational view of accidents would suggest. In a forward-looking responsibility framework, they describe the importance of speaking up, the professional obligation to do so and strategies to be more effective in articulating recommendations to management. While they do not consider themselves as passive actors, the engineers were also acutely aware of the challenges of asserting influence in large organizations. This research shows the complex and nuanced interrelationship between engineering and management decision making, highlighting an under researched area of safety science.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106862"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Learning under pressure: The configurational paths from industrial accident to risk prevention
IF 4.7 1区 工程技术
Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106859
Yifan Niu , Haibo Zhang
{"title":"Learning under pressure: The configurational paths from industrial accident to risk prevention","authors":"Yifan Niu ,&nbsp;Haibo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frequent major industrial accidents highlight the critical need for effective risk prevention through learning from accidents. This study explores the factors influencing this process and the mechanisms that facilitate it. It develops a framework that integrates the high-pressure learning context and learning process and incorporates six factors. Through fsQCA analysis, it explores the configurations of these factors leading to effective risk prevention. Empirical evidence from work safety accident investigations in China reveals three approaches: the pressure-driven approach, the learning-driven approach, and the pressure-and-learning dual-driven approach. The findings underscore the importance of an effective learning process, particularly the synergy between intensive knowledge acquisition and extensive knowledge transfer, and the facilitating role of high pressure on learning within China’s centralized political-administrative system. To enhance learning further, it is recommended to increase expert involvement in accident investigations, ensure timely and accurate disclosure of accident-related information, and optimize the work safety responsibility system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106859"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk analysis of domino effect of leakage accident of petrochemical pipeline based on analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy fault tree analysis
IF 4.7 1区 工程技术
Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106852
Xu Diao , Juncheng Jiang , Ahmed Mebarki , Lei Ni , Yingquan Duo , Sining Chen , Yuanyuan Wang , Shengzhu Zhang
{"title":"Risk analysis of domino effect of leakage accident of petrochemical pipeline based on analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy fault tree analysis","authors":"Xu Diao ,&nbsp;Juncheng Jiang ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mebarki ,&nbsp;Lei Ni ,&nbsp;Yingquan Duo ,&nbsp;Sining Chen ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Shengzhu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pipeline transportation is a prevalent method for the conveyance of petrochemical fluids. Pipeline leakage can lead to severe consequences, such as fire or explosion accidents. Unlike traditional methods, which take pipeline leakage/failure as the top event of fault tree analysis (FTA), this paper studies the domino effect of pipeline leakage with the top event of the fire or explosion accident caused by petrochemical pipeline leakage. The risk assessment is based on the hybrid method combining the Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy theory. AHP is established to evaluate the ability of experts and fuzzy theory is used to convert the experts’ opinions into occurrence probabilities of basic events. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by performing a risk assessment in a long-distance oil pipeline. Qualitative analysis results based on the structural importance indicated that the formation condition of the combustible mixture has the largest structural importance. Quantitative analysis results showed that the proposed method, based on AHP and fuzzy theory, can evaluate the risk of the pipeline domino effect, which can be used to support risk management and decision-making for petrochemical pipelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106852"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A multi-source physiological data-driven method for evaluating the mental workload of operators in remote control environment
IF 4.7 1区 工程技术
Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106864
Zhihong Li , Di Zhang , Wenchen Lyu , Salman Nazir , Zhe Mao , Chengpeng Wan
{"title":"A multi-source physiological data-driven method for evaluating the mental workload of operators in remote control environment","authors":"Zhihong Li ,&nbsp;Di Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenchen Lyu ,&nbsp;Salman Nazir ,&nbsp;Zhe Mao ,&nbsp;Chengpeng Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continuous development of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), remote control ship will become into reality in the near future. However, the mental behaviours of remote-control seafarers and their effects on navigation safety remain unclear, particularly in the context of emerging “multi-human multi-ship” operational patterns. In view of this, experimental research for the assessment of mental workload in remote control environment was conducted, addressing the critical gap in understanding the cognitive demands of remote maritime operations. A novel experimental setup is developed to closely simulate inland waterway navigation of varying degrees of difficulty, incorporating realistic challenges such as ferry crossings and buoy avoidance. The design uniquely considers the transition from traditional seafaring to remote operations, providing insights into the behavioural differences between remote operators and onboard crew members. A fusion of heart rate variability and skin conductance were employed to achieve a highly precise classification of mental workload levels through a low-invasive method, which is suitable for continuous monitoring in operational settings. Three machine learning models are employed for classifying the physiological signals into distinct workload levels, with the K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) achieving an accuracy of 93.1%. The statistical analysis validates the effectiveness of this assessment approach across different workload conditions. The integration of physiological data and machine learning models enables real-time detection of cognitive overload and stress in working condition. These findings provide foundational reference for designing personnel suitability monitoring systems and task allocation strategies in future remote control centres, contributing to maritime safety and operational effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106864"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A framework for analyzing driver safety-efficiency trade-offs at uncontrolled crosswalks: Towards social vehicle automation
IF 4.7 1区 工程技术
Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106860
Kai Tian , Jiaxun Wu , Tony Z. Qiu , Chaozhong Wu , Hui Zhang , Yi He , Naikan Ding , Wei Lyu , Chongfeng Wei
{"title":"A framework for analyzing driver safety-efficiency trade-offs at uncontrolled crosswalks: Towards social vehicle automation","authors":"Kai Tian ,&nbsp;Jiaxun Wu ,&nbsp;Tony Z. Qiu ,&nbsp;Chaozhong Wu ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi He ,&nbsp;Naikan Ding ,&nbsp;Wei Lyu ,&nbsp;Chongfeng Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Automated vehicles (AVs) or driverless taxis have already been operated in urban environments. However, understanding the social interactions between AVs and pedestrians at uncontrolled crosswalks remains limited. Specifically, how could human drivers balance driving safety and efficiency while effectively communicating their intentions to pedestrians? To address this research gap, this study conducted an in-depth analysis of human-driven vehicle (HDV)-pedestrian interactions at actual uncontrolled mid-block crosswalks by coupling HDV kinematics with pedestrian crossing behavior using the proposed time-to-conflict point and time-to-arrive (TTCP-TTA) and space–time (S-T) diagrams. Drawing upon social value orientation assumptions as an analytical framework, we categorized HDVs’ driving behaviors into five modes that balance safety and efficiency: egoistic, competitive (successful), competitive (unsuccessful), prosocial, and altruistic. The results revealed that in real scenarios, most interaction events fall into egoistic and competitive (successful) driving modes, with the altruistic driving mode being the least common. Moreover, the analyses showed that egoistic driving modes prioritize efficiency, while altruistic driving modes emphasize safety. Competitive (successful), competitive (unsuccessful), and prosocial driving modes offer different balances between safety and efficiency. Interestingly, it was found that HDVs may convey diverse social intentions to pedestrians through similar driving behavior among egoistic, competitive (successful), and competitive (unsuccessful) modes. Finally, this study discussed the practical implications of the proposed methods and results for AV driving behavior design and interaction safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106860"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of the internet of things on health and safety performance at work: An empirical study of Brazilian companies
IF 4.7 1区 工程技术
Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106866
Rafael ZORZENON, Fabiane L. LIZARELLI, Daniel BRAATZ
{"title":"The impact of the internet of things on health and safety performance at work: An empirical study of Brazilian companies","authors":"Rafael ZORZENON,&nbsp;Fabiane L. LIZARELLI,&nbsp;Daniel BRAATZ","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is an emerging topic, and its effects on Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) remain uncertain. The Internet of Things (IoT) is one technology used to monitor variables through sensors in the workplace. By enabling the transmission, monitoring, and control of variables from both the environment and employees, IoT can affect workplace risks and OHS. This study aims to analyze and evaluate the impact of the IoT on workplace risks and OHS performance, considering organizational factors as moderators in the proposed relationships. A survey was conducted with OHS specialists in Brazilian companies. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), which is a multivariate statistical method was used for quantitative data analysis. The results show that IoT significantly reduces workplace risks, which, in turn, positively impacts OHS performance. Indirectly, by reducing workplace risks, IoT improves OHS performance. Additionally, the results support that organizational factor mediate the relationship between environmental risks and OHS performance and show that organizational factors positively influence OHS performance. The findings suggest that managers should consider organizational factors to enhance OHS performance. The authors did not find empirical studies linking IoT and OHS in the Brazilian context. This study addresses this gap and makes an original contribution to the existing literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106866"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Algorithmic management and occupational health: A comparative case study of organizational practices in logistics
IF 4.7 1区 工程技术
Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106863
Karin Hennum Nilsson , Nuria Matilla-Santander , Min Kyung Lee , Emma Brulin , Theo Bodin , Carin Håkansta
{"title":"Algorithmic management and occupational health: A comparative case study of organizational practices in logistics","authors":"Karin Hennum Nilsson ,&nbsp;Nuria Matilla-Santander ,&nbsp;Min Kyung Lee ,&nbsp;Emma Brulin ,&nbsp;Theo Bodin ,&nbsp;Carin Håkansta","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Algorithmic Management (AM), which refers to technologies that use algorithms to oversee and direct workers, is increasingly being introduced across various sectors and workplaces. While previous research has focused on AM’s impact on job quality in platform work, its effects on worker well-being in non-platform workplaces remain underexplored. This study seeks to deepen our understanding of the impact of AM on occupational health within non-platform workplaces. Drawing on the socio-technical lens and the Pressure, Disorganization and Regulatory Failure (PDR) model (<span><span>Quinlan et al., 2001</span></span>), it aims to identify organizational practices that shape the interplay between AM and employees’ work experiences, health, and overall well-being. We conducted a comparative case study with two Swedish logistics companies and collected data from observations and semi-structured interviews. Our analysis focused on the interplay between organizational practices, AM technology, and worker experiences to understand key differences between the cases. Workers at both sites reported a low sense of autonomy and task significance. However, physical and psychological strain from AM was more pronounced in the e-commerce company, a disparity potentially explained by factors of the PDR model. We identified organizational practices that appear to positively influence workers’ AM experiences: i) involving workers with the AM technology; ii) integrating AM considerations into occupational safety and health management; iii) designing AM applications that allow worker control; and iv) managerial practices that add qualitative assessments to AM’s quantitative evaluations. Our research highlights the critical importance of designing organizational practices that incorporate AM in ways that promote occupational health alongside operational efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106863"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
No safety zone for old man: Developing an explainable safety index for selecting elderly pedestrian safety zone
IF 4.7 1区 工程技术
Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106843
Gimin Roh , Eunseo Ko , Minhee Kang
{"title":"No safety zone for old man: Developing an explainable safety index for selecting elderly pedestrian safety zone","authors":"Gimin Roh ,&nbsp;Eunseo Ko ,&nbsp;Minhee Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising number of elderly pedestrian crashes is a global concern. To prevent the issue, policies like the <em>Silver Zone</em> in Korea have been implemented, aiming to enhance the safety of elderly pedestrians. However, the absence of a systematic process and explicit standards for the selection of silver zones has been impeding the manifestation of its effectiveness. Inspired by these lacks, we propose a safety standard for elderly pedestrians, <em>Elderly Pedestrian Safety Index (EPSI)</em>, to select proper silver zones by identifying high-risk areas. EPSI is the first initiative developed using eXplainable AI, SHAP, to design a more explainable index for eliminating ambiguity in decision-making. To demonstrate the practical use of EPSI, we applied the index in Seoul. Furthermore, we reveal that certain variables (proximity to subway stations, road width, road speed, and the distance to pedestrian crossings) have significant predictive values for crash severity. Additionally, the effects of road speed and the distance to pedestrian crossings on crash severity vary depending on specific thresholds. Overall, our EPSI can be used to proactively identify high-risk locations when locating silver zones, and the framework for creating the index can be leveraged to develop another index for vulnerable road users (VRU).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106843"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Teaching children to cross safely: A full-immersive virtual reality training method for young pedestrians
IF 4.7 1区 工程技术
Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106855
Andrea Baldassa , Federico Orsini , Massimiliano Gastaldi , Riccardo Rossi
{"title":"Teaching children to cross safely: A full-immersive virtual reality training method for young pedestrians","authors":"Andrea Baldassa ,&nbsp;Federico Orsini ,&nbsp;Massimiliano Gastaldi ,&nbsp;Riccardo Rossi","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As road crashes are the leading cause of mortality among children, effective road safety education is vital. This study aims to evaluate an innovative educational method using fully immersive Virtual Reality (VR) technology to teach children how to cross the road safely and explores potential differences in learning outcomes based on gender. The proposed training system integrates individual VR sessions with collective VR-supported lessons.</div><div>The experiment involved 74 participants (41 females, age range 9–11), divided into control and treated groups. All participants underwent two full-immersive VR tests, with a two-week interval, during which they faced 4 pedestrian crossing scenarios, including both signalized and unsignalized crossings. The treated group, after one week from the first VR test, took part in a VR-supported lesson which illustrated the most common errors and the rules of good pedestrian behavior.</div><div>Participants from the treated group showed significant improvements in various behaviors: reduced red traffic light violations, less running while crossing, and better judgment of vehicular gaps when crossing. No significant gender-based differences in learning outcomes were directly linked to the treatment, except for the running behavior.</div><div>The proposed method, designed to be a scalable solution that can be easily implemented in school settings, can effectively train children in road safety, leading to significant improvements in crossing behavior regardless of gender.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 106855"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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