Safety Science最新文献

{"title":"From enforcers to alliance builders: (re)configuring occupational identities among labor inspectors through a dialogue-based inspection practice","authors":"Julie Palmqvist,&nbsp;Asta Kjærgaard,&nbsp;Emilie M. Rudolf,&nbsp;Mikala E. Jakobsen,&nbsp;Jeppe Z.N. Ajslev","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Labor inspectors play a key role in linking governmental occupational safety and health (OSH) regulation with the practical implementation of OSH measures in enterprises. An increased focus on labor inspectorates’ ability to assist enterprises in solving complex OSH issues makes new dialogue-based labor strategies and practices emerge. One of these is the Agreement To Problem-solve (ATP). This article aims to shed light on how ATP affects labor inspectors’ occupational identities and thereby their motivations and challenges in achieving better dialogue-based practices. This study is based on interviews with 34<!--> <!-->Danish labor inspectors and investigates, through a positioning theoretical approach, how ATP interacts with labor inspectors’ occupational identities – and whether ATP aligns well with these. The study contributes to knowledge about how labor inspectors perceive themselves, their work, and their identities, which has been called for within the field of OSH inspectorates and regulatory enforcement literature. Furthermore, it contributes to knowledge about how dialogue-based practices may improve labor inspection to benefit enterprises, labor inspectorates, and labor inspectors. Finally, the study provides suggestions for improving dialogue-based labor inspection through increased focus on inspectors' roles, expertise, and evidence-based approaches to achieving effects from implemented measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107142"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A game of adoption – but playing by whose rules?","authors":"Carsten Busch ,&nbsp;Petru Lucian Curșeu ,&nbsp;Petra C.M. Neessen","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adoption of safety concepts by safety professionals plays a critical role in shaping organizational safety practices and outcomes. However, there is little systematic integration of the factors that drive safety professionals to adopt particular safety concepts. This integrative systematic literature review explores in a multilevel and multifaceted manner the key factors that influence adoption decisions. Drawing on 107 academic papers published between 1990 and 2023 as emerged from a systematic literature search, this study introduces a multilevel analytical framework that integrates intrinsic characteristics of concepts, individual, interpersonal, institutional and wider environmental influences, including professional norms, emotional reactions, organisational structures and the evolving “safety market” that ultimately drive adoption decisions. The key insights of the paper show that safety concepts are not merely adopted for safety improvement, and that adoption is not purely a rational or evidence-based process, but it is shaped by institutional isomorphism, affective dynamics, professional identity and norms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107145"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual reality experimental framework for outdoor fire evacuations with inclusive design: a pilot study","authors":"Oleksandr Rossolov ,&nbsp;Namrata Bhaumik ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ahsanul Habib ,&nbsp;Ansar-Ul-Haque Yasar","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding pedestrian behavior during fire evacuations in urban environments is crucial for improving emergency response strategies. While Virtual Reality (VR) has been widely used to study evacuation dynamics, most research has focused on indoor settings, with limited attention to outdoor urban evacuations. This study addresses this gap by developing a VR-based methodological framework to examine pedestrian movement and decision-making during an outdoor fire evacuation in downtown Halifax, Nova Scotia. To account for the heterogeneity of pedestrian evacuation behavior, the study distinguishes between walking and wheelchair modes, enabling the exploration of evacuation experiences simulated for mobility-impaired conditions and regular walking. Using a fractional factorial experimental design, participants navigated either on foot or in a wheelchair to one of two muster points. The pilot study revealed significant influences of crowd-following behavior, accessibility constraints, and evacuation route visibility on decision-making. Findings suggest that strategic placement of evacuation buses and improved wayfinding support are essential for optimizing urban fire evacuation procedures. This research contributes to urban emergency planning by providing insights into outdoor pedestrian behavior, accessibility challenges, and policy recommendations for inclusive fire evacuation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107140"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating occupational health and safety and health promotion: Mapping current practice and worker perceptions in Australia","authors":"Yanming Lu,&nbsp;Nektarios Karanikas,&nbsp;Julie-Anne Carroll","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Occupational health and safety (OHS) interventions traditionally target workplace ergonomic, psychosocial, and material risks, while workplace health promotion (WHP) interventions primarily focus on health education and behaviour change. The objectives of this study were: (1) to assess the extent to which Australian workers received and participated in integrated interventions; (2) to explore how they viewed three common examples of integrated interventions. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Australia in 2024. Eligible participants were employed in Australian workplaces under any contract type and were aged ≥18 years. Descriptive statistics summarised current practices and perceptions, while inferential statistics explored associations between variables. A thematic inductive approach was employed to analyse qualitative data. Of the 394 workers, mainly from the education, health, and retail sectors, only 25% reported they received integrated interventions, and these workers showed satisfaction (median 4/5). Of the workers receiving integrated interventions, 67.1% participated in integrated interventions with a frequency of 1–4 times/year. Organisational size was significantly and positively associated with the implementation of integrated interventions. Regarding the three examples presented, participants considered them useful (median 4/5) and supported their implementation, with the intervention addressing excessive sitting/musculoskeletal pain being most frequently implemented. High-quality intervention content and human-centred delivery were identified as key success factors that should be carefully considered during intervention planning. Overall, the current picture about integrated interventions in Australia highlights the requirement for genuinely meeting worker needs around intervention delivery and content relevance and addressing worker concerns about privacy and perceived compulsion to improve uptake and effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107150"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring production pressure in socio-technical systems: The case of Belgian railroads","authors":"S. Mohammad Hashemian ,&nbsp;Konstantinos P. Triantis ,&nbsp;Léon Sobrie ,&nbsp;Saman Mohsenirad ,&nbsp;Bart Roets ,&nbsp;Mette Asmild","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pursuit of efficiency in Socio-Technical Systems (STSs), where people and technology are interacting to achieve shared goals under dynamic, high-pressure conditions, often places strain on resources. Many transportation settings exemplify an STS, where infrastructures, technologies, and operators are tightly interdependent. In such settings, the drive for efficiency can give rise to Production Pressure (PrP); the tension between performance demands and the capacity to meet them without compromising safety. Left unmanaged, PrP leads to workarounds, cognitive overload, or unsafe practices. We present an initial step toward systematically tackling PrP in transportation settings by introducing a novel, quantitative mechanism to measure and monitor it. We develop an analytical framework that deploys Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to evaluate PrP in STSs. The proposed approach is applied to Traffic Control Centers (TCCs) at Infrabel, Belgium’s railway infrastructure company, where PrP is modeled as the trade-off between railway traffic density and operator workload. Our results demonstrate that the model provides a nuanced understanding of the pressures faced by railway traffic controllers. In doing so, this study contributes to the growing need for robust, data-driven tools that integrate human and technical perspectives to support safe, efficient operations in STSs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107166"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sloped walking surface characteristics modulate unconstrained slip mechanics and subsequent fall risk","authors":"Corbin M. Rasmussen ,&nbsp;Abderrahman Ouattas ,&nbsp;Andrew Walski ,&nbsp;Brian A. Knarr ,&nbsp;Carolin Curtze ,&nbsp;Nathaniel H. Hunt","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slips are a common cause of community-based falls, however existing literature has not examined slips during sloped surface walking, which is biomechanically distinct from level walking in ways that likely increase the risk of a slip. We examined the influence of various sloped walking characteristics on slip mechanics, compensatory stepping reactions, and fall rates. Twenty-one young adults experienced 27 unconstrained slip perturbations while walking on a treadmill inclined to 0°, 5°, or 10° in an uphill, downhill, or cross-slope direction while full-body motion capture and harness load cell data were recorded. Fall rates increased with slope angle, decreased with later slip onset, and were not dependent on slope direction. Slips shortened, slowed, and changed from anteriorly to posteriorly directed at later onset phases, eliciting longer, more anteriorly placed compensatory steps as a result. Steeper slope angles caused longer, faster slips that required shorter compensatory steps. Slope directions influenced slip directions and compensatory steps: uphill slopes were associated with more posterior slips and longer anterior steps, while downhill slopes caused the opposite. On cross-slopes, up-slope foot slips were shorter, slower, contralateral, and led to more anteriorly placed compensatory steps compared to down-slope foot slips, but fall rates did not differ. Our results are surprising given the slope direction-specific kinetics of sloped walking, suggesting that other factors play outsized roles in determining slip-and-fall risk. Perturbation-based balance training should incorporate sloped walking contexts in comprehensive protocols to assess if balance recovery skills can be enhanced beyond what is attainable from level training alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107167"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue as a sociocultural problem in paramedicine: A qualitative study of attitudes and behaviours related to fatigue in Australian paramedics","authors":"Sian E. Wanstall ,&nbsp;Anjum Naweed ,&nbsp;Brandon W.J. Brown ,&nbsp;Meagan E. Crowther ,&nbsp;Robert J. Adams ,&nbsp;Amy C. Reynolds","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Fatigue in Australian paramedics is prevalent, with negative implications for the safety and well-being of patients and workers, occupational performance, and organisational service delivery. To best inform supportive strategies, this study sought to understand attitudes and behaviours connected to fatigue and fatiguing experiences in the current healthcare context.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used a qualitative methodology involving semi-structured interviews and a scenario invention task with Australian paramedics (<em>n</em> = 30). Data were analysed inductively using reflexive thematic analysis through a constructionist lens.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seven themes of the paramedic experience of fatigue were constructed under two overarching themes: <em>Working in the trenches</em> and <em>Don’t drop the F-bomb</em>. Themes centred around attitudes and behaviours, exploring an experience of fatigue that is shaped by personal identity, organisational culture and broader systemic constraints. Attitudes and stigma related to resilience, camaraderie, and role duty influence paramedic behaviours related to acting on fatigue and/or engage with organisational fatigue management processes, promoting a normalisation of fatigue and use of covert rest strategies potentially obscuring the true scale of fatigue-related safety risks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlighted paramedic fatigue as a sociocultural problem in Australian paramedic work contexts. Complex relationships between paramedics and their identities, role duties, and organisations influence how they appraise and respond to fatigue, with consequences for fatigue risk management and safe practices. Alongside addressing social and cultural norms, co-designed fatigue management approaches and improved managerial support may be important for positive worker engagement with individual and organisational management strategies to enhance safe outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107139"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a competency framework for healthcare safety investigators: a modified e-Delphi study","authors":"Rosemary HM Lim ,&nbsp;Sophie Hide ,&nbsp;Omotoyosi Akanbi ,&nbsp;Jane Carthey ,&nbsp;Claire Cox ,&nbsp;Clare Crowley ,&nbsp;Christopher Elston ,&nbsp;Saskia Fursland ,&nbsp;Tracey Herlihey ,&nbsp;Scott Hislop ,&nbsp;Catherine Leon ,&nbsp;Cherry Lumley ,&nbsp;Jenny O’Donnell ,&nbsp;Catherine O’Reilly ,&nbsp;Melanie Ottewill ,&nbsp;Deinniol Owens ,&nbsp;Laura Pickup ,&nbsp;Louise Pye ,&nbsp;Yasmin Razmus ,&nbsp;Nicholas Seaton ,&nbsp;Nicholas Woodier","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Systems-based healthcare safety investigation is an important initiative to improve patient safety worldwide. It requires the use of credible methods and approaches by competent investigators. There is currently no empirically developed competency framework for the healthcare safety investigator role. We developed a competency framework for healthcare safety investigators using an empirical research approach.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We used a two-round modified Delphi technique electronically. Two web-based surveys were sent to a panel of experts in healthcare safety investigations in England. The panel rated the relevance of a proposed set of competencies and provided qualitative comments. Strength of agreement was assessed using the interquartile range (IQR), the median and percentage agreement. Participants’ comments were reviewed, with reference to the contemporary healthcare safety literature and practice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 28 participants completed the round-one survey. In round two, 24 of the 28 participants completed the survey. At the end of the round-two survey, 38 competencies and 82 corresponding descriptors were agreed as relevant with high agreement levels (IQR ≤ 1.25, median ≥ 4, percentage agreement ≥ 70%). These were organised in four domains: 1. Personal qualities, 2. Investigation knowledge and skill application, 3. Effective and compassionate engagement, and 4. Manages investigation lifecycle.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>To our knowledge, this is the first empirically derived competency framework specifically focused on the healthcare safety investigator role. The high levels of agreement among participants give credibility to the findings. This competency framework provides an evidence base to inform the scope and requirements of the healthcare safety investigator workforce.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107161"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The untold story of Behaviour-Based safety (BBS)","authors":"Jean-Christophe Le Coze","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Behaviour-Based Safety (BBS) was pioneered in the United-States by researchers in the 1970 s, then developed over the next fifty years through a mix of consulting and research, establishing an influential yet controversial tradition in safety. Considered with caution by some, there was to date no published conceptual and critical history of this tradition. This article remedies this situation. It shows the roots then the evolution of BBS over half a century (1970 s-2020 s) through a study of the key texts of its most visible authors. The article shows that BBS is based on a core rationale and key principles but is not monolithic. BBS is made up of distinct orientations explained by differing explorations and reflections of the authors. Three main orientations are distinguished: (1) classical, traditional BBS (Sulzer-Azaroff), (2) theoretical, inspirational BBS (Geller) and (3) organisational, critical BBS (Krause). The reasons for these differences over time are linked to the psychological roots of BBS in behaviourism by Skinner; to the application of the initial BBS rationale and principles of the late 1970 s; to the ambiguity of the relationships between behaviour, safety, incidents and accidents; to the need to situate the role of management and the weight of the organisation on workplaces and individuals. Important findings of this study are the description and revelation of a rich, varied and influential tradition in safety, the need for nuance but also for ethnographic research to better understand its use in practice, given these multiple orientations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107162"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining safety leadership: A qualitative exploration of senior leaders’ perspectives in high-risk industries","authors":"Islam Adra,&nbsp;Stavroula Leka,&nbsp;Claire Hardy","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2026.107159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With workplace fatalities and injuries on the rise, research on safety and leadership has also grown, given the critical role leadership has been shown to play in enhancing safety performance. Despite the frequent use of the term ‘safety leadership’ in both academia and industry, no consensus exists on what safety leadership actually means, nor has a concrete definition of safety leadership been developed. The present study aimed to address these gaps by adopting a qualitative exploratory research approach. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore two key questions: how senior leaders in high-risk industries from around the world define safety leadership; and what qualities characterize safety leaders. Inductive thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data and address the research questions. A conceptual definition of safety leadership is presented together with the key characteristics of safety leaders. Despite having parallels with other leadership styles, safety leadership was found to be conceptually unique from other leadership constructs, especially from transformational leadership, highlighting a key theoretical advancement that challenges the prevailing, long-standing perspective in the academic literature. Additionally, while safety leadership has traditionally been discussed in relation to safety performance, the present study unveils its additional positive impact on business performance.</div><div>These findings offer significant contributions to both safety science and practice, with implications discussed alongside recommendations for future research while recognizing the study’s strengths and limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107159"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147386315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}