Safety Science最新文献_第2页

Is it safe to be safe? Examining underreporting and presenteeism among European pilots: The role of employment type 安全就安全吗？研究欧洲飞行员的漏报和旷工现象：就业类型的作用

IF 4.7 1区工程技术

Safety Science Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106696

{"title":"Is it safe to be safe? Examining underreporting and presenteeism among European pilots: The role of employment type","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Atypical employment among pilots is a growing concern in the European aviation industry. Following deregulation, atypical forms of employment (e.g., being employed by subsidiaries or agencies, or on a temporary basis) have become more common, raising concerns about their implications for flight safety and pilots’ safety behaviors. It is suggested that pilots in such forms of employment experience greater job insecurity and will thus refrain from certain safety behaviors as it is more advantageous to their tenure.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This cross-sectional survey study aimed at examining deviations in safety behaviors, such as underreporting and presenteeism (attending work while ill), with regards to typically and atypically employed pilots (N = 4,546).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pilots in atypical employment reported significantly higher frequencies of both presenteeism (47.5% vs. 31%) and underreporting (59.5% vs. 41.2%) when compared to their typically employed counterparts. Those atypically employed were more likely to cite fear of disciplinary action or dismissal as the reason for not adhering to safety practices. Underreporting and presenteeism were common, with organizational barriers, e.g., lack of feedback, being primary drivers, in line with previous research. Personal financial reasons were the most prevalent factor motivating presenteeism, regardless of employment type.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present study highlights the frequent occurrence of presenteeism and underreporting in the European aviation industry, highlighting a need for regulatory, organizational, and safety management attention to address these inclinations. While employment type is associated with these behaviors, further research is needed to understand better the mechanisms influencing pilots’ decisions to underreport and attend work in unfit states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying dire evacuations in case of wildfire using trigger boundaries and case study of the 2018 Mati wildfire in Greece 利用触发边界量化野火情况下的紧急疏散，并对希腊 2018 年马蒂野火进行案例研究

IF 4.7 1区工程技术

Safety Science Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106691

{"title":"Quantifying dire evacuations in case of wildfire using trigger boundaries and case study of the 2018 Mati wildfire in Greece","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildfire evacuation is a life-saving measure of last resort, but delays can lead to dire outcomes, putting people at risk of fire entrapment. The success or failure of an evacuation depends on the relative speeds of the wildfire and the evacuation, and this varies across communities and wildfires. Despite the importance of understanding this dynamic, no formal framework exists to define or quantify a dire evacuation, and the term is often used informally in technical literature. This paper proposes a method for quantitatively defining dire evacuations using trigger boundaries. Trigger boundaries are perimeters indicating that the time left before a wildfire reaches a community equals the time required for evacuation. By treating both wildfire spread and evacuation times as probabilistic variables, we introduce an evacuation safety factor to assess the likelihood of a dire evacuation. This factor ranges from 1 (no risk of dire evacuation) to 0 (100% risk). Trigger boundaries thus define the latest wildfire location with a low risk of a dire evacuation. The 2018 Mati wildfire in Greece illustrates this approach. In Mati, fast-moving flames led to a dire evacuation with 104 fatalities. Our model shows that its evacuation safety factor was well below 1 even from the moment the wildfire was detected, indicating a high probability of dire evacuation from the start. This methodology can be applied to past wildfires for forensic analysis or to guide future evacuation strategies. Identifying trigger boundaries allows communities to prepare more effectively for wildfire threats and enhance their safety plans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human factors validation of complex human-technology systems – Need for updating the technical basis and improving the guides and standards 复杂人-技系统的人为因素验证 - 需要更新技术基础并改进指南和标准

IF 4.7 1区工程技术

Safety Science Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106697

引用次数: 0

Redefining health, risk, and safety for occupational settings: A mixed-methods study 重新定义职业环境中的健康、风险和安全：混合方法研究

IF 4.7 1区工程技术

Safety Science Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106698

{"title":"Redefining health, risk, and safety for occupational settings: A mixed-methods study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clear and specific definitions are essential in Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) practice and research, guiding the development of methods, tools, and metrics for effective management. However, there remains a lack of consensus within the field when defining health, risk, and safety. This study addresses this gap by proposing comprehensive definitions of these constructs based on the combination of empirical data from workshops conducted at a major construction company in Australia with literature from various disciplines. The qualitative analysis of participant responses and thematic coding of definitions from various disciplines revealed diverse perspectives on health, risk, and safety, highlighting the need for context-specific definitions tailored to different organisational levels. Hence, this study recommends simplified, summarised, and comprehensive definitions of these constructs to enhance clarity and consistency in OHS communication and practice. These definitions aim to foster a shared understanding and improve the effectiveness of OHS initiatives across different contexts. The paper also discusses several theoretical, practical, and ethical implications these definitions may have for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers regarding the scope of health, risk, and safety, their relationships, and the validity of related constructs such as risk assessment and safety performance. Finally, our study advocates a shift from mainly approaching OHS as a business objective towards viewing it more as a positive duty and public health area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How can large language models assist with a FRAM analysis? 大型语言模型如何协助 FRAM 分析？

IF 4.7 1区工程技术

Safety Science Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106695

引用次数: 0

Real-time identification of borehole rescue environment situation in underground disaster areas based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion 基于多源异构数据融合的地下灾区钻孔救援环境状况实时识别

IF 4.7 1区工程技术

Safety Science Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106690

{"title":"Real-time identification of borehole rescue environment situation in underground disaster areas based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To reduce the risk for rescue workers to dredge the collapsed tunnel and explore the disaster area during the underground rescue, as well as improve the survival rate of trapped personnel, the paper takes borehole rescue technology as the research object, and develops a borehole rescue command and decision system based on multi-sensor fusion convolutional neural network, which realizes the detection of key information in the underground rescue. The results show that the <em>SD</em>, <em>SSIM<sub>u</sub></em>, <em>EN</em>, <em>Q<sup>AB/F</sup></em> and <em>VIFF</em> of human pose fusion image recognition algorithm are 90.872, 0.874, 4.892, 0.169 and 1.465, respectively, which are higher than the image fusion algorithms such as <em>LLF</em>–<em>IOI</em>, <em>NDM</em>, <em>PA</em>–<em>PCNN</em>, <em>TA</em>–<em>cGAN</em> and <em>U2fuse</em>. The multi-source heterogeneous data fusion model of borehole rescue based on deep learning could accurately identify the risk of disaster areas, with an accuracy of 98.85 %, which is 16.15 % higher than that of the feedforward neural network model and 35.26 % higher than that of the SVM model. The gas, audio, video, personnel positioning and so on four kinds of sensors, through the experiment of roadway, 16.09 % higher than that of single sensor sensing accuracy, 10 % higher than that of two sensors. The borehole rescue command and decision system has been realized real-time acquisition, transmission and online command of various sensor data in disaster rescue, and the reliability of the system has been verified by industrial applications. The study provides scientific rescue methods and system equipment for rescue, and is beneficial to ensure the safety of trapped people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyst behaviour and team processes during hazard analysis: The development of an observation protocol and initial results from evaluating HAZOP sessions 危险分析过程中分析人员的行为和团队流程：制定观察协议和评估 HAZOP 会议的初步结果

IF 4.7 1区工程技术

Safety Science Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106694

{"title":"Analyst behaviour and team processes during hazard analysis: The development of an observation protocol and initial results from evaluating HAZOP sessions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Analyst behaviour and team processes are important factors in the quality of expert-driven hazard-analysis techniques and methods, such as HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Analysis) and STPA (System-Theoretic Process Analysis). Beyond the support provided by the analysis method, the literature suggests, for example, that facilitating creativity, awareness of human judgement limitations, and consistency of method application can substantially impact the completeness and outcome of the analysis. However, empirical research on these factors and their effect on hazard analysis is almost nonexistent. To address this gap, we (the authors) have developed an observation protocol consisting of 27 items on analyst behaviour and team processes. We developed the protocol based on a literature review and analyst interviews, utilising methods frequently employed to develop psychological tests. Two studies, with the participation of four analysts in each, found sufficient clarity and relevance of the protocol items and identified refinements and adjustments to the protocol. The analysts stated the protocol would be useful for analyst team self-evaluation in addition to its use in empirical studies. Future studies should verify our findings and could utilise the protocol in systematic studies of analyst behaviour and how it impacts the hazard analysis and the analysis outcome. Analyst teams could use the protocol for self-assessment in their professional development and as an indicator of the quality of their team processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved reliability analysis and assessment method of occupant evacuation and its application in building fires 改进的人员疏散可靠性分析和评估方法及其在建筑火灾中的应用

IF 4.7 1区工程技术

Safety Science Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106689

{"title":"Improved reliability analysis and assessment method of occupant evacuation and its application in building fires","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Occupant evacuation is a critical issue in emergency events especially in fire accidents. The safety level of occupant evacuation is assessed using the method of reliability analysis and assessment in this study, which has been increasingly employed to describe parameters uncertainty and reliability probability. First, the concept of reliability probability index is proposed and defined as AEST divided by RSET, which can be adopted to develop the quantitative relationship between the reliability probability index and the reliability probability. Second, the correlation analysis between reliability probability and influencing factors is conducted through a case study. Third, the safety design zone and the dangerous design zone are further divided to provide guidance for engineering designers. Lastly, the sensitivity analysis is conducted to analyze the global sensitivity of the uncertainty parameters of occupant evacuation. The results show that the sensitivity of pre-movement time is the highest among the parameters, reaching 0.419, suggesting that it takes on a critical significance in the calculation of evacuation model, and the method proposed in this study can be well adopted to assess the reliability of occupant evacuation in building fires.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From knowledge to action: Assessing the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality training on safety behaviors in confined spaces using the Kirkpatrick model 从知识到行动：利用柯克帕特里克模型评估沉浸式虚拟现实培训对密闭空间安全行为的影响

IF 4.7 1区工程技术

Safety Science Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106693

{"title":"From knowledge to action: Assessing the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality training on safety behaviors in confined spaces using the Kirkpatrick model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Safety in the industrial sector is paramount, with national legislations establishing specific regulations to reduce accidents. These regulations emphasize risk removal and proper operator training as preventive measures. However, traditional training can be time-consuming and costly, leading companies to meet only the minimum requirements. In particular, confined spaces pose significant dangers, often resulting in fatal, cascading accidents due to a lack of proper safety procedures. Therefore, effective training is crucial to mitigate these risks.</div><div>Advanced technologies like Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) present new opportunities for cost-effective and extensive training campaigns by eliminating the risks associated with real environment training, offering a safe yet realistic experience.</div><div>Despite the widespread adoption of IVR training applications in industrial research, there is a notable lack of systematic approaches to evaluate their effectiveness. Conducting such evaluations is crucial to ascertain their impact on essential training outcomes, including participant engagement, knowledge transfer, and enhanced safety behavior during work activities.</div><div>To address this gap, we developed an IVR-based training platform for confined space safety procedures and established a systematic validation procedure using the Kirkpatrick model to assess its effectiveness compared to conventional training methods. Results demonstrate that IVR training provides an excellent user experience, better knowledge transfer than the traditional approach, and improved performance in simulated procedures, reducing execution errors and completion times. This dual focus on creating and validating the IVR system underscores its potential as an effective training tool in hazardous environments such as confined spaces, where proper training can prevent tragic fatalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety climate and its contribution to safety performance in the food delivery industry 食品配送行业的安全氛围及其对安全绩效的贡献

IF 4.7 1区工程技术

Safety Science Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106687

{"title":"Safety climate and its contribution to safety performance in the food delivery industry","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the expanding food delivery sector, particularly in Asia, where motorcycles are preferred for their efficiency, there has been an alarming rise in traffic safety incidents involving delivery riders. This increase highlights the need for a comprehensive understanding of safety outcomes within the industry, encompassing both organizational and personal factors. Our study, using data from 401 motorcycle delivery riders in Vietnam, addresses this gap with a conceptual model based on the Safety Climate Model. This model assesses the impact of safety climate, knowledge, and motivation on rider safety performance. Our findings reveal that factors like management values, effective safety communication, and quality safety equipment are crucial in creating a positive safety climate. This climate significantly boosts safety participation and compliance among riders. Furthermore, the study confirms that safety climate indirectly influences safety outcomes through safety knowledge and motivation. These results illustrate the dynamic between organizational practices and individual behaviors in determining safety in the food delivery industry. The study underscores the need for a holistic approach to safety, extending beyond equipment provision to include management commitment, communication, and motivational incentives. Implementing such comprehensive strategies is vital for enhancing rider safety, contributing to a safer work environment, and reducing safety–critical incidents among food delivery riders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0