Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation最新文献

{"title":"Urine Aquaporin-5 a biomarker in diabetic nephropathy.","authors":"Kamelia Ahmed Abdeen, Radwa Mahmoud Elsharaby, Ghada Mahmoud Alghazaly, Hala Mohamed Nagy","doi":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_647_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_647_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this work was to investigate the value of urine aquaporin-5 (AQP-5) as a biomarker for diabetic nephropathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>an AQP5-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure urine AQP-5 in normal controls (n = 20), diabetic patients without nephropathy (n = 30) and diabetic nephropathy patients (n = 30). The data were analyzed by using SPSS 19.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>urine AQP5/creatinine ratio was significantly higher in diabetic nephropathy patients than in other two groups. Urine AQP5/creatinine ratio in stage III& in stage V was significantly higher than that in stage II. Urine AQP5/creatinine ratio was significantly correlated with diabetes duration, HbA1C%, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), urine AQP5, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that urine AQP5/creatinine ratio may have diagnostic and prognostic values as a novel noninvasive biomarker of diabetic nephropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":21356,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148205938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomonitoring of cyclosporine in renal transplant patients.","authors":"Saadi Rachida, Beldjilali Slimane, Malou Siham, Rezk-Kallah Haciba","doi":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_224_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_224_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Cyclosporine is a potent immunosuppressive drug. It has a very complex pharmacokinetics and has many influential factors. Which requiring therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to ensure a better compromise between efficacy and toxicity. Measurement of the area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC 0-12h ) is reflective of total drug exposure. However, the measurement of AUC 0-12h implies many problems. Thus, it is more clinically acceptable to use a single blood sample as a surrogate index of total drug exposure. Our patients are routinely monitored by simultaneous determination of C 0 and C 2 and occasionally by determination of AUC 0-12h . The present investigation aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of our strategy of biomonitoring of cyclosporine and to improve the interpretation of the results based mainly on the comparison of our TDM results with different therapeutic ranges proposed in the literature, and the results of the usual TDM parameters (C 0 /C 2 ) with the reference index (AUC 0-12h ).This study was carried out in two steps: The first step was a retrospective descriptive study, spread over a period of 7 years, of a population of 32 kidney transplant recipients treated with an immunosuppressive regimen combining cyclosporine, steroids, and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). For the entire population, the AUC 0-12h was calculated using the limited sampling equation established by Einecke et al, 2002. The second step is an analytical cross-sectional study of a subpopulation of 10 kidney transplant recipients. In this subgroup, an estimation was carried out from C 0 , C 1 , and C 3 by the Bayesian estimator developed by the INSERM team of Limoges.The present investigation demonstrated that the AUC 0-12h calculated in our population is not significantly different from that observed in the reference population monitored by AUC 0-12h , given that our clinicians relied mainly on C 0 for cyclosporine biomonitoring in this population, this allowed us to judge biomonitoring by C 0 as potentially effective. This mean AUC 0-12 coincides with the C 2 distribution used to propose the new C 2 margins, suggesting that they are more appropriate for our population.The biomonitoring of cyclosporine in kidney recipients can be performed by a single C 0 assay. Alternatively, the calculation of AUC 0-12h by limited sampling formula or the Bayesian method could be used occasionally. The C 2 assay seems impractical in clinical routine unless used with other concentrations for AUC 0-12h estimation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21356,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148205895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peritoneal Dialysis Therapy Discontinuation Due to Noninfectious Complications: Insights from a Retrospective Study in End Stage Renal Disease Patients from Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Muhammad Abdul Mabood Khalil, Mohammed Ahmed Abdou Eissa, Hinda Hassan Khideer Mahmood, Nihal Mohammed Sadagah, Krishann Baguio, Hisham Ismael Mohamed Sakran, Fadel A Alrowaie, Salem H Al-Qurashi","doi":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_38_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_38_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Noninfectious complications (NCs) disrupt the continuity of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and may result in catheter loss. This retrospective study evaluated the incidence, risk factors, and impact of NCs on PD catheter outcomes in patients aged ≥14 years. Data from 126 PD catheters were analyzed for NCs, including flow dysfunction, catheter leaks, hernias, bloody or chylous effluent, hydrocele, hydrothorax, and external catheter damage. Among 126 catheters, 37 (29.4%) experienced 46 NCs, with outflow obstruction (32.6%), inflow/outflow issues (21.7%), leaks (21.7%), hernia (10.8%), bloody effluent (8.7%), and external catheter damage (6.5%) being most common. Age, gender, and PD modality were not significantly associated with NCs, whereas icodextrin (extranel) use was protective (p=0.048; OR 0.41). Most NCs occurred within 6 months (p<0.001; OR 19.1), and 52.2% required surgical intervention. Univariate analysis showed male gender and non-use of icodextrin were linked to higher catheter removal, supported by Kaplan-Meier curves showing lower catheter survival in these groups. Overall, 29.2% required permanent catheter removal, 20.8% were managed with temporary hemodialysis and reinsertion, and the functional survival rate of PD catheters was 90.5%. NCs are frequent early in PD, often necessitating surgical intervention and leading to therapy discontinuation in one-third of cases. Early identification of high-risk patients and timely interventions, including icodextrin use and close monitoring of patients with diabetes or hypertension, are essential to optimize PD outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21356,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148205910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Seroprevalence and Associated Factors of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Among Haemodialysis Patients in Morocco.","authors":"Lahcen Bidarne, Ahmed Kharbach, Rachid Razine, Nada Bennani Mechita, Youssef Ikken, Samia El Hilali, Majdouline Obtel, Adil Najdi","doi":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_118_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_118_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Haemodialysis patients are especially vulnerable to blood-borne viral infections because of repeated exposure to invasive procedures and the dialysis care environment.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to determine the HBV-positive status of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus among haemodialysis patients and to identify factors associated with HBV seropositivity.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among haemodialysis patients in Morocco.</p><p><strong>Methods and material: </strong>A total of 305 haemodialysis patients were included. Sociodemographic, clinical, and serological data were collected using a structured form. Serological status for HBV, HCV, and HIV was assessed by ELISA and confirmed using specific confirmatory assays. Statistical analysis used: Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with HBV seropositivity. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall seroprevalence was 2.62% for HBV, 0.33% for HCV, and 0.66% for HIV. Multivariable analysis showed that use of an arteriovenous fistula and complete HBV vaccination (3-4 doses) were significantly associated with lower odds of HBV infection (OR = 0.012, 95% CI: 0.010-0.286, p = 0.007; OR = 0.008, 95% CI: 0.000-0.511, p = 0.023, respectively). In contrast, longer haemodialysis duration was significantly associated with increased HBV seropositivity (OR = 1.036, 95% CI: 1.012-1.061, p = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the low prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV, prevention, surveillance, and strengthened vaccination strategies remain necessary in haemodialysis settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":21356,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148205927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of Psychiatric Morbidity and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Mithilesh Chandra Malviya, Himanshu Sharma, Jaiprakash Agrawal, Manjula Gupta, Chaitanya Kulkarni","doi":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_119_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_119_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic kidney disease is an important health issue all over the world. These patients have increased morbidity and mortality. The study was conducted to study the psychiatric morbidity of patients of chronic kidney disease & its impact on their quality of life.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This is an observational cross sectional study, which included consecutive 100 patients with chronic kidney disease. The study population includes CKD patients from stage 3 to end stage renal disease. Quality of life and psychiatric morbidity was assessed in study population. Scales used for this purpose included WHO-QOL-BREF SCALE for quality of life, HAM-A SCORE for anxiety and HAM-D SCALE for depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Psychiatric issue was present in 60% of study patients. Depression was most common and was present in 73% of patients who had psychiatric manifestations. Other common diagnosis being adjustment disorder (24%)and anxiety (14%).All domains of quality of life were significantly lower in patients with depression, anxiety as well as psychiatric illness (p<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chronic kidney disease has negative impact on quality of life across all domains; including physical, psychological, social and environmental. Though depression and anxiety have long been associated with chronic kidney disease, adjustment disorder is also an important psychiatric illnesses observed in our study. The psychiatric illness further compromises the quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis, which has been attributed to chronic debilitating course of chronic kidney disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":21356,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148205920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent Predictors of Tunneled Haemodialysis Catheter Dysfunction and Reduced Patency: A Retrospective Cohort Study from Indonesia.","authors":"Noel Matthew Imaniku Sihombing, Bayu Rusfandi Nasution, Sandra Rosa Uli Siahaan, Shinaya Yemia Retra Sihombing","doi":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_165_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_165_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Tunneled cuffed catheters (TCCs) are vital haemodialysis access devices in chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet prone to significant dysfunction-related morbidity.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To identify bedside patient-related predictors of TCC dysfunction and reduced patency in adult CKD patients undergoing haemodialysis at a single Indonesian center.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>Single-center retrospective cohort study at Rasyida Kidney Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, covering TCC insertions from 2021 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods and material: </strong>Primary outcomes were catheter dysfunction and patency. Variables were extracted from medical records.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of dysfunction; Cox proportional hazards regression assessed reduced patency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 102 TCCs in 96 adult patients were included. Mean age was 62.7 ± 14.9 years and 62.7% were female. Dysfunction occurred in 30 catheters (29.4%) over a mean dwell time of 20.1 ± 13.1 months. Independent predictors of dysfunction were femoral insertion site (aOR 3.56, 95% CI 1.08-11.7, p = 0.036) and hypertension (aOR 3.34, 95% CI 1.01-11.1, p = 0.049). Cox regression confirmed femoral site (aHR 3.10, 95% CI 1.29-7.44, p = 0.011), hypertension (aHR 4.45, 95% CI 1.40-14.15, p = 0.011), and age ≥ 60 years (aHR 3.96, 95% CI 1.48-10.64, p = 0.006) as predictors of reduced patency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Femoral insertion site and hypertension were strong independent predictors of TCC dysfunction and shortened patency. Age ≥ 60 years additionally predicted reduced patency. These simple bedside factors support practical risk stratification in low-resource haemodialysis settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":21356,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148205951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Hemodialysis Patients' Fluid Compliance and Related Factors, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Ghanim Hamid Al-Khattabi","doi":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_54_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_54_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and background: </strong>Adherence of hemodialysis (HD) patients to medical instructions is considered crucial for a longer life expectancy and better quality of life. There is solid evidence that nonadherence (NA) of HD patients' correlates with morbidity and mortality. Despite severe consequences, noncompliance with their medical regimen is the norm for HD patients rather than the exception. NA factors have become one of the top priorities for doctors, healthcare policymakers, and payers alike. Understanding the risk factors for NA is necessary for identifying patients at risk of NA. Factors associated with NA to fluid restriction among HD patients have been explored in many studies; however, most of these were conducted in Western countries and have produced inconsistent results. Regardless the importance of this topic there is remarkable paucity in the studies which identify factors associated with NA to fluid restriction in Saudi Arabia. HD patients are well suited for studying those factors, because they have a number of features that characterizes their lifestyle and put them at an increased risk of NA to fluid restriction including prolonged, intensive treatment and their medical regimens are clear cut and easily determined with objective measures.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine factors related to NA to fluid restriction among HD patients in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>a cross sectional design in which a sample of 361 HD patients were randomly selected from HD centers in three governmental hospitals in Makkah, individuals were assessed for adherence using the ESRD-AQ questionnaire in addition to clinical examination and laboratory investigation, these methods were used to determine factors related to their NA to fluid restriction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Younger (< 30 years), unmarried, non-Saudis, those with chronic diseases other than hypertension (HTN) & Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and those with long dialysis duration (60+months) were found more likely to be NA to fluid restriction p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients who had factors associated with NA to fluid restriction deserve special attention and support to improve their adherence behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":21356,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148205948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is galectin-3 a novel marker of reflux nephropathy in children?","authors":"Safiye Ulku Ozcetin, Ibrahim Gokce, Neslihan Cicek, Pınar Vatansever, Harika Alpay","doi":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_231_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_231_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vesicoureteral reflux may lead to renal parenchymal scarring (RPS) by causing recurrent pyelonephritis. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is considered to be a new marker for fibrosis, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of RPS. Serum Gal-3 levels in patients with RPS were examined in our study, and it was attempted to elucidate the role of serum Gal-3 levels in the diagnosis and pathophysiology of RPS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 154 patients with RPS between 4 and 18 years of age. Serum creatinine levels and estimated glomerular filtration rates of all patients were normal. Patients were divided into three groups according to findings on dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy. Group-1 consisted of 19 patients with one scar. Group-2 consisted of nine patients with multiple scars without loss of renal function. Group-3 consisted of 126 patients with renal hypodysplasia and/or multiple scars and with separate (split) renal function below 40%. Moreover, 41 age-matched healthy children without chronic disease constituted the control group (Group-4). Serum Gal-3 levels were measured in blood samples of all children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean serum Gal-3 level was higher in patients with RPS than healthy controls (10.9 ± 7.1 ng/ml and 6.9 ± 4.6 ng/ml) (P: 0.01), and it was also assessed separately for each scar group. There was a significant difference between Gal-3 levels and scar groups. The mean serum Gal-3 levels were increased as the degree of RPS increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum Gal-3 levels are higher in patients with RPS and are thought to be useful in diagnosing RPS and in elucidating its pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":21356,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147581928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Taurolock solution with heparin as lock solution of tunneled catheters.","authors":"Hamad Jeelani, Manzoor Ahmad Parry, Amer Said Alameri, Dalia Moussa, Surabhi Gupta, Arasu Mohan, Ahmed Jalal, Ahmed Hassan, Peter William, Said Qader, Ibrahim Hamdi, Mohammed Shaban, Sally Samy, Gada Ibrahim, Pola Fikry","doi":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_23_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_23_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The employment of dialysis catheters can result in catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI), leads to hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality. Citrate-taurolidine lock solution can lower the occurrence of CRBSI. This study was done to evaluate Citrate-taurolidine lock solution for decreasing CRBSI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 89 patients who received hemodialysis for at least 6 months via a tunneled catheter. A comparison was made between patients who were administered TauroLock-Hep500™ (taurolidine, citrate, and heparin) or heparin lock solution for catheter-related infection and catheter dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 47 patients received heparin lock-solution and 42 patients received Taurolock lock-solution. During a total of 7560 catheter days, the Taurolock group experienced CRBSI in 3 patients. In contrast, the heparin group had 15 patients with CRBSI over a span of 8140 catheter days. This corresponds to an incidence rate of 0.39 episodes of CRBSI per 1000 catheter days in the Taurolock group and 1.84 episodes per 1000 catheter days in the heparin group. Catheter dysfunction rates were similar in the Taurolock group compared to the heparin lock solution. In addition, in the Heparin group, two patients necessitated catheter removal, whereas no patients in the Taurolock group required catheter removal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrates a higher incidence of CRBSI in the Heparin group compared to the Taurolock solution and a similar effectiveness of the Taurolock solution in preventing catheter dysfunction over Heparin.</p>","PeriodicalId":21356,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation","volume":"37 1","pages":"48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147581959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red cell distribution width predicts chronic kidney disease in elderly uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients.","authors":"Amin R Soliman, Khaled Marzouk Sadek, Haytham Soliman, Hoda Abdelhamid Maamoun","doi":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_641_20","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_641_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a hematological parameter routinely obtained as part of the complete blood count. RDW has emerged as a potential independent predictor of clinical outcome in patients with established cardiovascular disease. RDW is associated with inflammation, ineffective erythropoiesis, undernutrition, iron deficiency, and impaired renal function in patients with heart failure. It is also associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk. No published data are available regarding the use of RDW as a predictor of kidney disease in type 2 diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We collected sociodemographic parameters, medical and diabetes history, and laboratory data at baseline from 650 elderly type 2 diabetics. RDW was measured as part of a standard complete blood count measurement. To assess if RDW predicts nephropathy risk, we used Cox proportional hazards regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During 34-month follow-up, 105 patients developed diabetic kidney disease as evident with either micro/macro albuminuria or a rise in serum creatinine. Mean age was 53 ± 11 years, 66.6% of the patients were males, 33% were smokers. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with high versus low (above vs. below median) RDW at baseline. RDW was a significant predictor of renal morbidity both in an univariate model (HR1 increase = 1.611: 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.292-1.926) and also in a multivariate model (HR1increase = 1.526; 95% CI: 1.285-1.905) adjusting for several variables (gender, eGFR, HbA1c, CRP, and albumin). RDW was also found to be an independent predictor of kidney affection in elderly diabetics with higher HbA1c.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RDW independently predicts kidney disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":21356,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation","volume":"37 1","pages":"21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147582077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}