Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age最新文献_第2页

Perception of affordances from dynamic displays 从动态显示中感知启示

Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age Pub Date : 1997-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/CT.1997.617701

T. Stoffregen, Y. Sheng, K. Gorday, S. Flynn

引用次数: 0

Enhancing perspicuity of objects in virtual reality environments 增强虚拟现实环境中物体的清晰度

Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age Pub Date : 1997-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/CT.1997.617702

J. Herder, Michael Cohen

引用次数: 6

Designing the "Spatial Math Tutor": a non-symbolic, on-line environment for teaching mathematical skills to dyslexic children 设计“空间数学导师”:一个非符号的在线环境，用于教授阅读困难儿童的数学技能

Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age Pub Date : 1997-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/CT.1997.617706

W. Martens

{"title":"Designing the \"Spatial Math Tutor\": a non-symbolic, on-line environment for teaching mathematical skills to dyslexic children","authors":"W. Martens","doi":"10.1109/CT.1997.617706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CT.1997.617706","url":null,"abstract":"New cognitive tools are needed to aid the human learner in overcoming barriers associated with diagnostically-identified cognitive deficits. This paper proposes the design of cognitive tools to enable more successful performance on specific mathematical tasks. The paper also considers the possible benefits of externalizing or spatializing the mental constructs underlying a cognitive task involving the concept of fractional numbers, exemplified by Noelting's (1975) juice problems. As such tools are developed and tested, they are being incorporated into an online tutoring environment targeting children with reading disabilities: the \"Spatial Math Tutor\" (SMT). This environment uses currently available online technology to create a computer-generated environment enabling remote access to a tutoring method that has proven successful in many cases involving face-to-face interaction. The application is straightforward: elementary school students who have been diagnosed as dyslexic have particular difficulty acquiring mathematical skills when confronted with commonly-employed symbolic notation. These students benefit from graphical presentations and from spatial manipulation of tangible objects known as \"manipulatives\". The SMT makes appropriate use of WWW-based interactive 3D graphics technology for hands-on, interaction tutoring, allowing students to benefit from this type of instruction via a personal computer.","PeriodicalId":212776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134235821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Cognition, situatedness, and situated design 认知，情境性和情境设计

Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age Pub Date : 1997-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/CT.1997.617691

Christopher P. Lueg, R. Pfeifer

{"title":"Cognition, situatedness, and situated design","authors":"Christopher P. Lueg, R. Pfeifer","doi":"10.1109/CT.1997.617691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CT.1997.617691","url":null,"abstract":"In the rationalistic perspective, the human expert is seen as a data processing system having properties similar to computers. As a consequence, the design of man machine interfaces, workplaces, and organizational procedures has been mainly driven by technological advances, focusing on replacing humans rather than supporting their actual needs. A more appropriate explanation of human cognition is based on the notion of situatedness: human cognition is considered to be emergent from the interaction of the human with the environment, i.e., the current situation the human is involved in. More generally, the system environment coupling is a prerequisite of cognition and cannot be abstracted away. We summarize the rationalistic perspective, its pitfalls, and its (undesirable) influences on design. As an alternative, we propose \"situated design\", a design methodology capitalizing on the notion of the human as a situated agent. We demonstrate how \"situated design\" can be applied to workplace design and computer system design, and we outline a situated perspective on man machine interface design supporting humans in coping with the so called \"information overload\" phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":212776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126192505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 44

Action and reaction: computer-mediated dialogues as a model for natural interfaces 行动与反应:作为自然界面模型的计算机媒介对话

Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age Pub Date : 1997-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/CT.1997.617689

Jocelyn C. Riseberg, Renee Berkowitz, Joseph Cunningham

{"title":"Action and reaction: computer-mediated dialogues as a model for natural interfaces","authors":"Jocelyn C. Riseberg, Renee Berkowitz, Joseph Cunningham","doi":"10.1109/CT.1997.617689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CT.1997.617689","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a study which examined the relationship between certain textual/discursive cues during computer mediated dialogues and correlations of these cues with two measures of impression formation: 1) a global positivity of impressions questionnaire; and 2) perceptions of six personality dimensions. The study also examined discourse phenomena emergent in the conversations. Undergraduates participated in same and mixed sex dyadic, forced turn, computer mediated dialogues and were asked to report impressions of their conversational partners. Results indicated that relative amounts of words per turn, negative disclosure, and evaluative disclosure have significant effects on impression formation. Results also suggest that number of words per turn, number of questions, and evaluative disclosure are emergent in the discourse, and naturally equalize between partners. No gender differences were detected. These findings suggest a new methodology for examining online interaction and concomitant impression formation. Suggestions are made for how this new methodology might be incorporated into autonomous conversational systems.","PeriodicalId":212776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124634846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cooperative learning in a virtual university 虚拟大学中的合作学习

Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age Pub Date : 1997-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/CT.1997.617704

M. Yazdani, D. Bligh

引用次数: 10

Integrated cognitive engineering at the interface: a tool mediation perspective 接口上的集成认知工程:工具中介视角

Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age Pub Date : 1997-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/CT.1997.617703

C. Belisle, R. Zeiliger, T. Cerratto Pargman

引用次数: 9

Making internal processes external for constructive collaboration 将内部流程外部化以实现建设性的协作

Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age Pub Date : 1997-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/CT.1997.617690

N. Miyake

{"title":"Making internal processes external for constructive collaboration","authors":"N. Miyake","doi":"10.1109/CT.1997.617690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CT.1997.617690","url":null,"abstract":"Information technology has the potential to promote joint creation of new ideas. It has become widely recognized that the workings of human cognitive processes heavily rely on physical externalisation of the interaction of those processes with outside environments, including other people in those environments. Such externalization takes various forms, from conversation, written texts, sketches and memos to simple physical \"records\" of actions taken in the world. For example, the mere location of a tool recently used can be interpreted, for instance, as a sign of the progress of the work. Externalized records are useful because they serve as sharable and concretely manipulable objects for constructive collaboration. Recently developed information technology can help people keep better records of such externalizations, reflect upon them for making changes and restore them when necessary. Altogether, these records and operations feed into constructive collaboration. The author gives examples of collaborative externalization of cognitive processes and show how they lead to deeper levels of understanding and creation of new ideas.","PeriodicalId":212776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131190002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Hominization of cognition, hominization of computer 认知的人性化，计算机的人性化

Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age Pub Date : 1997-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/CT.1997.617695

S. Okuyama

{"title":"Hominization of cognition, hominization of computer","authors":"S. Okuyama","doi":"10.1109/CT.1997.617695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CT.1997.617695","url":null,"abstract":"Hominization of the brain is the evolution of the human brain traits that discriminate the genus Homo from its primate ancestors. In the human's cognition, one of the characteristics of hominization is an evolutionary hierarchy of the information centers. Its ascending limbs consist of: the primary sensory cortices, higher order sensory cortical areas, the association cortices; and its descending limbs consist of: higher order motor cortices that feed the primary motor cortices. We may intervene in the processing, especially that taking place in the association cortices. We monitor and manipulate the processing by retrieving, modifying, storing or replaying the informational material: thinking whatever at all. Here we have a virtual experience. This ability expands to processing even in the substantial absence of any perceivable objects, enabling us to communicate with verbal words and with symbols and letters. We can train ourselves to better operate computers, in an adaptation of the human being to the machinery. However, shall we be \"sensed\" and \"cognized\" when we engage in selected jobs and our ever-changing intention is deciphered by the computers? If so, will the computers manipulate and control machinery and fulfill jobs on our behalf? Or, are we to evolve ourselves to the needs of the computer technology? If so, can we efficiently monitor our own errors and have the errors promptly corrected?.","PeriodicalId":212776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128536621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The prosthesis as partner: pragmatics and the human-computer interface 以义肢为伙伴:语用学与人机界面

Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age Pub Date : 1997-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/CT.1997.617684

R. Janney

{"title":"The prosthesis as partner: pragmatics and the human-computer interface","authors":"R. Janney","doi":"10.1109/CT.1997.617684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CT.1997.617684","url":null,"abstract":"The computer can be regarded as a type of prosthesis: a device that extends the range of action of the human mind or can partly replace certain functions of an impaired human nervous system. Like other prostheses, however, computers are never fully equivalent replacements for human functions. It is argued that present computers extend our cognitive 'reach', at the cost of partly paralyzing our emotional 'grasp' of things. They promote contact without a sense of touch. The problem suggested, lies at the human computer interface: in the user's need to communicate with the computer in order to use it, and in certain pragmatic deficits of computers that make natural communication with them impossible. As a partner, the computer tends to resemble a schizophrenic suffering from severe 'intrapsychic ataxia'-the psychiatric term for a radical separation of cognition from emotion. Its flame of reference, like that of the schizophrenic, is detached, rigid, and self reflexive. Interacting in accordance with the requirements of its programs, the computer, like the schizophrenic, forces us to empathize one sidedly with it and communicate with it on its own terms. And the suspicion arises that the better we can do this, the more like it we become.","PeriodicalId":212776,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Second International Conference on Cognitive Technology Humanizing the Information Age","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122014206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7