{"title":"SIMULATION RESEARCH ON FLOW FIELD DISTRIBUTION IN ARTILLERY TURRET UNDER THE SIMULTANEOUS ACTION OF EXHAUST FAN AND BLOWER","authors":"N. Zhao, Jiawei Di, JIAN-PING Zhuo","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36090","url":null,"abstract":"Aimed at the problem of after multiple firings of vehicle-mounted artillery, the gas in the turret remains, and the concentration is high, which endangers the safety of personnel in the tower. When the blower and the exhaust fan are working at the same time, a numerical simulation study based on computational fluid dynamics is carried out, and the flow field distribution results under different fan power working conditions are obtained. The simulation results have important reference significance for understanding the changing law of the medium in the turret under the action of the fan and the selection of the fan.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"229 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123315069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EFFECT OF WEAPON SOUND SUPPRESSORS ON DISPERSION: AN EXPLANATION","authors":"D. Corriveau, C. Rabbath, N. Hamel","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36107","url":null,"abstract":"A widely perceived idea that circulates among the marksmen and sniper community is that rifles equipped with sound suppressors will yield nonnegligible reduction in dispersion when compared to that obtained from the same rifle under the same firing conditions. In order to verify and quantify this assertion, an experimental investigation was carried out to verify the effect of suppressors on the observed dispersion. Firing were performed indoor at 200 m using a bench mounted Mann barrel fitted with a Remington bolt action 700. The ammunition used for the trial was the Remington .223. A commercially available mono-core sounds suppressor was used for the trial. The results show a clear reduction in dispersion when firing the weapon using the sound suppressor. Orthogonal high-speed cameras located at 1 m from the muzzle were used to document the first maximum yaw for each projectile fired. On average, the first maximum yaws were found to be smaller when using the sound suppressor. This indicates that the gas flow around the projectile within the suppressor acts as a projectile stabilizer following its exit from the barrel.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122351191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Kumari, P. P. Sharma, Pankaj Sajan, J. P. Singh
{"title":"MEASUREMENT OF DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF SS316 UNDER HIGH STRAIN RATE LOADING","authors":"R. Kumari, P. P. Sharma, Pankaj Sajan, J. P. Singh","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36070","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the experimental methods and techniques to measure the dynamic response of austenitic stainless steel SS316 subjected to the intense shock load of high explosive. The strains experienced by the material are transient in nature and last for a fraction of second with peak strain value of 15%. For experimentation, the cylindrical structures of austenitic stainless steel SS316 in various diameter 200mm-400mm, height 200mm-800mm & thickness 1-1.2mm were arranged by IGCAR . These cylinders were filled with water and rigidly held from both ends in a counter weight foundation. The experiments were conducted by detonating the explosive charge at the center of these water filled cylinders. The quantity of explosive used in trials varies from 4grams to 50grams. The response of the cylindrical structure under intense load of high explosive charge was measured by using post yield strain gages having strain limit of 15 %. The TML make post yield strain gauges model No.YFLA-10 were pasted on the cylinder in axial and shear directions to measure the dynamic axial and hoop strains. The strain gauges used were made of constantan material having 120Ω resistance, 10mm length and gauge factor of 2.1. These gauges were pasted on the cylindrical structure with the help of cynoacrylite (CN). As the strain generated in the material under explosive load is dynamic in nature, so TML make modular high bandwidth amplifier each having bandwidth of 200khz were used to condition the outputs of strain gauges. The conditioned outputs from strain gauges were recorded using data acquisition system having bandwidth greater than 200 kHz. High speed photography has also been used to capture the transient deformation of the cylimderical structure during the detonation.. The acquired strain data in instrumented trials has been used in determining the strain limit of austenitic stainless steel SS316 under high strain rate in explosive environment.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125920924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ENHANCED DAMAGE EFFECT OF REACTIVE FRAGMENTS OBLIQUE PENETRATING TITANIUM ALLOY PLATES","authors":"J. Xiang, Tao Sun, Hai-fu Wang","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36166","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on the reactive fragments oblique penetration behavior, a series of penetration experiments at velocity of 630-1040m/s at 0-60°were conducted. The results show that the area of perforation hole at 30° increase 143.53% compared with that of normal penetrations, ricochet occurs at 60°. The perforation size at critical velocity (v =705m/s) is much larger than that at higher velocity (v=734m/s) when both oblique penetrated at 30°. The damage zone of front titanium alloy plate was divided into 5 zones according to the morphology of damaged plate. The analytical mode considers both kinetic energy and chemical energy of reactive fragment is developed to reveal the mechanism of enhanced damage effect of reactive fragment oblique penetrating at critical velocity.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121106806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ELECTROMAGNETIC RAIL GUN FRAGMENT ACCELERATOR CONCEPT DEMONSTRATOR","authors":"Jose Sequeira","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36045","url":null,"abstract":"The future objective of this study is to establish testing techniques to evaluate the penetrating ability of shrapnel fragments produced from fragmenting warheads. Difficult to capture data points such as residual velocity and mass are required to, individually, characterise single fragment penetrability. One of the more challenging aspects of penetrability testing is the ability to study individual fragment impact at speeds exceeding 2 km/s. Fragment acceleration by means of an electromagnetic (EM) rail gun seems to be well suited to test weapon applications and is expected to be the future system of choice for high velocity fragment impact analysis. A concept-demonstrator rail gun (6000J, Ma MV 320 m/s) and internal ballistic model is presented in this study establishing technology toward the future development of a full-scale EM fragment accelerator test system. This paper presents the findings and challenges encountered during the development and testing of small-scale electromagnetic rail gun. In particular, findings are presented onunexpectedforward plasma escape likely resulting from excessive joule heating in the armature-railinjection region.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115270151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BENEFITS OF TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE STATISTICAL VARIATION OF WARHEAD EFFECTS IN V/L SIMULATIONS","authors":"Cédric Archambaud","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36114","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with modeling of weapon as input data for vulnerability / lethality simulation. This kind of simulation is very commonly used in acquisition programs. These models are used in lethality and vulnerability codes to assess the interaction of weapon effects with targets. This document will present a more realistic model of high explosive warhead effects in Vulnerability/Lethality (V/L) codes. The classical terminal ballistic models used in V/L calculation usually give a single value of penetration / perforation capacity for a given configuration. Our idea is to improve our models by taking into account the random aspect of terminal ballistics and warhead mechanics. These random phenomenon’s need to be included in simulations to obtain higher fidelity and accuracy in the results.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125016109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Göhler, F. Theile, T. Peun, A. Liersch, M. Graswald
{"title":"NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON BEHIND ARMOR EFFECTS BY SHAPED CHARGES","authors":"S. Göhler, F. Theile, T. Peun, A. Liersch, M. Graswald","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36075","url":null,"abstract":"The effects that occur after penetration of a vehicle armor are referred to as behind armor (BA)effects. These effects are often not taken into account in the performance description of shaped charges (SC). A total view of the performance of a SC offers the possibility to better describe them. For this purpose, a basic experimental concept was developed to characterize the effects. In addition, copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) and their combination were chosen as liner material. Hydrocode SPEED simulations have been performed in 90 mm caliber, which serve as a basis for the design of the liners. For the production of the bimetallic liner, a Cu liner was coated with cold gas spraying using Al. First, jet penetration performance in mild steel and its velocity were measured. In the second part, the effects that occur behind the armor were examined in more detail. Pressure and temperature were measured in a specially designed pressure tube at different target strenghts (50 mm, 100 mm and 300 mm) and the residual performance was recorded. The same approach was used to characterize the fragments. After a series of 28 tests, it can be concluded that, in contrast to Cu, the Al liner has a measurably greater effect behind the armor. On the one hand, the measured temperature difference between the two liner (Cu; Al) was above 1000 deg C. On the other hand, as expected, the penetration performance of the Al liner amounts to 60% of the Cu liner. The evaluation of the witness plates shows that the BA effect of the Al liner is more powerful. It was shown that the fabrication of a bimetallic liner by cold gas spraying leads to a functional shaped charge. Furthermore, it was shown that the performance of the bimetallic liner lies generally between the respective values of the monometallic liner. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the experimental setups provided the opportunity to investigate the individual characteristics of the respective shaped charges and to work out differences.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125295113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MESOSCALE MODELING OF BALLISTIC IMPACT ON PLAIN WEAVE COMPOSITE","authors":"C. Meyer, D. O'Brien, B. Haque, J. GILLESPIE, JR.","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36182","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this work is to study energy absorbing mechanisms of plain weave composites. Experiments were conducted of 17-grain fragment simulating projectiles impacting singlelayer plain weave S-2 glass/epoxy composites. The focus of the experiments was on determining the ballistic limit velocity. A mesoscale finite element model was developed that includes woven fabric architecture. The mesoscale model includes tow-tow delamination modeled with the cohesive zone model using traction-separation laws determined from finite element models of cracking in fiber-matrix microstructure. The mesoscale model predicted ballistic limit velocity with 1% error. In contrast, a continuum model with effective plain weave properties predicted limit velocity with 6% error. The mesoscale model includes additional energy dissipation mechanisms such as tow-tow delamination, tow pullout, and frictional sliding, which are investigated. Finally, the single-layer model was extended to multi-layer composite penetration, and the impact versus residual velocities were compared with experimental results from the literature.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130903050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A METHOD FOR DIGITALLY RECONSTRUCTING PROJECTILE FRAGMENTATION PATTERNS IN GELATIN BLOCKS THAT REQUIRES MINIMAL DATA COLLECTION","authors":"Kenneth H. Hohnecker","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36183","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to propose a method for constructing a three-dimensional (3D) digital representation of projectile fragmentation patterns in gelatin blocks that requires minimal data collection. The data points required are the start and end points of each fragment’s wound track, as well as the track level designations (a means of organizing how the wound tracks are connected). The maximum likelihood estimates for the parameters of the wound track models are then used to determine the “best fit” fragmentation pattern. Though this paper focuses on the application to gelatin fragmentation patterns, the methodology can be readily used for any visco-elastic material.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"26 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128737197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. F. Lemos, Ana Paula DA Silva, Priscila Simões Teixeira Amaral, Edson DA Silva Souza, Laurilio SILVA JUNIOR, R. Pinto, William Klinsmann DE Oliveira Ferreira, D. Chalhub, Gil Pinheiro, Leib Neubarth, R. Lucena, N. Mangiavacchi
{"title":"FROM BENCH TO SHOOTING RANGE: CORRELATING BASE BLEED CHEMISTRY WITH THE BALLISTIC PERFORMANCE OF EXTENDED RANGE MUNITION","authors":"M. F. Lemos, Ana Paula DA Silva, Priscila Simões Teixeira Amaral, Edson DA Silva Souza, Laurilio SILVA JUNIOR, R. Pinto, William Klinsmann DE Oliveira Ferreira, D. Chalhub, Gil Pinheiro, Leib Neubarth, R. Lucena, N. Mangiavacchi","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36134","url":null,"abstract":"Extended range munitions (ERM) are systems whose performance is subject to aerodynamic, internal ballistics and trajectory effects. There are models in the literature for each of these aspects; thus, a holistic approach that unifies them would—theoretically—be able to predict the performance of an ERM from bench tests. In this work, we propose such approach. From the integration of chemical composition data, bench tests, combustion simulations, aerodynamic simulations and trajectory dynamics simulations, the behavior of a Base Bleed (BB) unit could be satisfactorily estimated. The results obtained suggest that the composition of combustion products plays a key role in the performance of BB systems.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126473826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}