Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics最新文献

{"title":"BALLISTIC TESTS OF BULLET IMPACT INTO WATER","authors":"D. Pacek, P. Badurowicz, Przemysław Sidelnik, K. Szczurowski","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36167","url":null,"abstract":"Research works described in the paper, were performed within the framework of the project: Laboratory stand for stopping high-energy projectiles (Agreement no. DOBBIO10/ 04/02/2019). Methods used nowadays in forensic laboratories allow to stop some kinds of projectiles with degree of deformation which lets to use them for comparing traces to bullets found on the crime scene. However they are not useful for every type of projectiles. The aim of the research is to elaborate methods which allow to slow down and gently stop high-energy susceptible to deformation bullets in a way that does not cause their deformation or possibly limit it. The paper presents the results of ballistic tests of impact of various types of projectiles into water. The behavior of bullets of various calibers, with different kinetic energy and different construction was analyzed. On the basis of the obtained results, the projectiles with the highest susceptibility to deformation were identified.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132578850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DESIGNING THE ROLL CHARACTERISTICS & PITCH-ROLL LOCK-IN OF AN UNGUIDED ARTILLERY ROCKET BY TAILORING THE CHAMFER ON FINS","authors":"A. S. Badrinarayanan, A. Anandaraj","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36129","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of the fin leading edge and trailing edge chamfers on the roll characteristics of an artillery rocket is studied. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations suggested a very high dependency of the rolling moment in the subsonic and transonic regime on the trailing edge chamfer while the leading edge chamfer dictates the rolling moment in the supersonic regime. Six degree-of-freedom trajectory simulations were carried out to estimate the roll frequency in flight and the separation of it from the pitch/yaw frequency. It showed that in certain configurations pitch/yaw and roll lock-in took place which could have hampered the flight stability. This strong sensitivity of the rolling moment to the fin chamfer, even with the fin sizing and the cant angle kept constant, can make or break the flight stability of the rocket.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133236394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INCREASING THE ACCURACY OF THE RANGE CORRECTIONS FOR THE AIR VIRTUAL TEMPERATURE","authors":"V. Čech, O. Rozehnal","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36126","url":null,"abstract":"If for any reason it is not possible to use an automated fire control system, then especially in combat conditions it is necessary to use an alternative method of calculating the mean point of impact position. To do this, tabular firing tables (TFT) are used together with the corresponding type of artillery meteorological message. If TFTs created according to STANAG 4119 are used, only the met message METB3Q must be used for surface-tosurface fire. The calculation of corrections for deviations in virtual temperature is very problematic. We have been dealing with the problem since 2013. In this article, we propose a solution that increases the accuracy of calculations and is applicable in combat conditions. However, the main advantage of the proposed method is the fact that met data can be obtained from any available met message (METB3Q, Meteo - 11 (meteo - average), METCMQ, METGM and GRIB).","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128915330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FLAMMABILITY ANALYSIS OF GAS CYLINDERS UNDER FIRING IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS","authors":"M. Jasiński, K. Szczurowski, A. Wisniewski, P. Badurowicz, M. Woliński, Tadeusz Bartkowiak","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36063","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of testing such materials with bullets: 7.62×54R LPS FMJ, 7.62×39 BZ, 7.62×54R B-32 API and 7.62x51T. For the study, 11 kg propanebutane gas cylinder was used with different gas content: 0.5 - 5 kg at ambient temperature 22°C. One to five shots were taken at each cylinder, and the heat flux and overpressure wave were estimated under various assumed storage and transport conditions. The impact of the bullets was recorded with a high-speed camera and thermal camera. This paper presents the temperature ranges, burning area spread areas and histograms due to the impact of various bullets on flammable gas cylinders. The excitation conditions for flammable gas cylinders to burn were determined.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115472854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARATIVE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PISTOL BULLET PENETRATING GELATIN AND POLYMER SIMULATED MUSCLE TARGET","authors":"Xuejiao Ma, Shuo An, F. Dong, Tianlong Zhang, W. Yan, Manman Xiong","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36194","url":null,"abstract":"Polyurethane elastomer material-simulated muscle target-was synthesized by prepolymer with isocyanate hard segment and polyether polyol with long chain soft segment. The polymer simulated muscle target could be stored and used at normal room temperature. Penetration experiments were carried out on gelatin and muscle simulated material target, used 9mm pistol bullet as killing element. Through the comparative analysis of experimental data: when the pistol bullet penetrates the gelatin and polymer simulated muscle target with soft protection, the change process of the depression was basically the same, the difference of the maximum depression depth was 9.64%. In the unprotected penetration experiment, the penetration depth and cavity diameter produced by 9mm pistol bullet penetrating gelatin were consistent with those of polymer simulated muscle target, the difference of the maximum cavity diameter was 12.9%. This new polymer material— muscle simulation marker had better application value in future research.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"253 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115596230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF MOO3 CONTENT ON MECHANICAL RESPONSE AND THE ENERGY RELEASE IN METAL/FLUOROPOLYMER COMPOSITE","authors":"Ying Yuan, Huan-guo Guo, Yuanfeng Zheng, Hai-fu Wang","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36137","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, PTFE/Al-based reactive materials with high energy density have attracted wide concern, but the low energy release efficiency restricts further application. In this paper, molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) was introduced into PTFE/Al to control the mechanical response and the energy release performance. With the MoO3 content increasing, the material properties gradually change from elastic-plastic to brittle. The ballistic impact experiments are conducted to analyze the overpressure characteristics of PTFE/Al/MoO3. The experimental results showed that the content of MoO3 has significant influence on the energy release behaviors of PTFE/Al-based reactive materials. With the MoO3 content increasing from 10% to 40%, the quasi-static overpressure peak and impulse decrease from 0.147 MPa to 0.105 MPa, and from 9.184 s · kPa to 5.914 s · kPa, respectively. The mechanism analysis showed that, because of Al/MoO3 reaction characteristics, the additional MoO3 affect the shock wave and impact sensitivity of PTFE/Al/MoO3. The study had constructive significance for the application of oxides to promote the energy release performance of PTFE/Al reactive materials.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114923081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A NOVEL EX-SITU ALUMINUM FOAM-FILLED FOURFOLD-TUBE NESTED SYSTEM AS THE ENERGY ABSORBER","authors":"Bin Xu, Shu Wang, W. Yan, Bin Qin","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36190","url":null,"abstract":"The present research introduces a novel thin-walled structure with an outer tube and three inner tubes as an energy absorber during the lateral compression process. Loaddisplacement response and energy absorption capability of the aluminum foam-filled/empty FT (fourfold-tube) nested tube systems, the TT (triple-tube) nested systems were investigated experimentally. In the quasi-static test, all nested systems were compressed laterally on the universal mechanical tester in compression operation, and the results were subsequently compared. Effects of the aluminum foam on the energy absorption capability and the deformation mode of the foam-filled FT system was analyzed. Experimental results show that the presence of aluminum foam improves the symmetry of deformation of the FT nested system, which is very important in enhancing the energy absorption capability of the FT nested system. In dynamic experiments, impact loading apparatuses SHPB (split Hopkinson pressure bar) and dynamic measurement techniques (high-speed imaging and dynamic strain gauge) were used to test the dynamic deformation mode and the shock resistance of the FT nested system and the TT nested system. Results of the FT nested system were compared with results of the TT system to highlights its advantages of the presented novel FT nested system. The researches demonstrate that the foam-filled FT system can provide a better efficient impact force reduction and desired deformation mode compared to empty FT system. The improved aluminum foam-filled FT nested system can be widely used in engineering fields for enhancing its crashworthiness under impact.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116332416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON THE QUANTITATIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE INTERMEDIATE BALLISTICS: VELOCITY MEASUREMENT OF THE MUZZLE FLOW","authors":"A. Moumen, B. Stirbu, J. Grossen, D. Laboureur, J. Gallant, P. Hendrick","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36104","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of intermediate ballistics, a thorough understanding of the muzzle flow is necessary to optimize the design of muzzle devices and long-range projectiles. However, due to the harsh environment, the extremely short duration, and the transient evolution of the intermediate ballistics phase, both experimental and flow modeling efforts are hampered by the lack of quantitative experimental data. In this study, a Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) experimental set-up is implemented to quantitatively investigate the muzzle flow based on its velocity. This tool has the advantage of obtaining a non-intrusive and whole-field diagnostic, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The first part of the study explains that PIV is suitable for measuring the velocity fields of the muzzle flow. This was achieved by using the naturally present particles in the gas as tracers. We demonstrate that the raw PIV images revealed that the structure of this flow is composed of two regions. The first region is located within the under-expanded jet and consists of spatially dispersed particles. The second region, downstream of the Mach disk, is formed by large structures. We show that cross-correlation and particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) algorithms can determine the flow velocity in both regions. In the second part, we present a quantitative description of the muzzle flow issued from the launch of a subsonic .300 Blackout projectile. The results show that these gases reach a maximum centerline velocity of more than 900 m/s inside the shock bottle. At the barrel exit plane, the gases start to discharge with a velocity close to that of the projectile’s launch velocity, accelerating it. In the third part, we present a detailed comparison between the aforementioned flow and the flow resulting from the launch of a supersonic projectile. Differences and similarities are pronounced and explained. The presented set-up and the description of the whole flow field velocity would serve as valuable improvements toward muzzle devices optimization and numerical code validation.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123721519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BLAST PRESSURE MITIGATION USING PERFORATED PLATES","authors":"I. S. Sandhu, Rahul Mankotia, M. B. Kala, A. Agarwal, D. R. Saroha","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36188","url":null,"abstract":"The detonation of an explosive system creates high-pressure blast wave in the adjoining media. The interaction of blast wave can inflict severe injuries to humans and catastrophic damage to structures. Many materials such as foams, soil etc., and techniques e.g. reflecting plates, perforated plates, and metallic grids are studied in literature to mitigate the deadly effects of blast waves. In the present experimental study blast wave generator (a short driver section shock tube) is used for the evaluation of blast pressure mitigation in perforated plates of different blockage ratios and hole configurations. These plates with blockage ratio (BR) from 78.79% to 93.43% were deployed inside the driven section of the blast wave generator at a suitable distance from the diaphragm so that blast wave loading occurs on perforated plates. The strength of transmitted blast wave through different plates is measured in terms of peak over pressure using piezoelectric pressure sensors deployed downstream at 0.2m and 0.48 m distances from the perforated plates. The measured strength of the incident blast wave was found to reduce by about 36% to 65% at 0.2 m and about 37% to 73% at 0.48 m downstream through different blockage ratio plates. It was observed from the recorded data that transmitted pressure decreased with an increase in blockage ratio. In the case of the same blockage ratio, the decrease in pressure for a plate with circular holes was more in comparison to a plate having triangular holes and a central hole.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127651738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF RHOMBIC FRAGMENT PENETRATING INTO BALLISTIC GELATIN","authors":"Rui-guo Han, F. Dong, Zide Liu","doi":"10.12783/ballistics22/36195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36195","url":null,"abstract":"In order to study the penetration effects of rhombic fragment penetrating into the ballistic gelatin, a numerical model was established by using Ansys/Ls-Dyna. The penetrating process and the transient response of gelatin were simulated using the proposed model which was validated by experiment. The effects of fragment mesh size, model simplification method and incident angle on simulation accuracy were analyzed by numerical simulation. The results indicated that the mesh size significantly influenced the accuracy of numerical results and computing time. The simulation result of the simplified 1/2 model of the fragment was apparently different from the experimental data, while that of whole model was coincident with the experimental results. In addition, the incident angle obviously affected the penetration depth, and the maximum difference of penetration depth at the similar initial velocity and different incident angles was about 40mm.","PeriodicalId":211716,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Ballistics","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123168406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}