Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging最新文献

{"title":"AI-enabled Quantitative High-Risk Plaque Attributes for Predicting Coronary Events in Nonculprit Vessels.","authors":"Qian Chen, Xiaofei Gao, Ling Lin, Pengpeng Xu, Tao Pan, Xi Hu, Ya Liu, Yu Gong, Chao Zheng, Zhiwen Yang, Xinwei Tao, Hui Xu, Long Jiang Zhang, Jun-Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1148/ryct.250256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.250256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To assess the prognostic value of artificial intelligence (AI)-derived high-risk features obtained from coronary CT angiography (CCTA) in nonculprit vessels of patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included patients who underwent CCTA at a tertiary hospital between June 2013 and June 2023 followed by percutaneous coronary intervention within 3 months. AI-derived high-risk CCTA features were evaluated, including significant stenosis, high-risk plaque, high plaque volume, low CT fractional flow reserve, and high pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation. The primary end point was nonculprit vessel-related major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The prognostic value of high-risk CCTA features was assessed using multivariable Cox regression analyses. Results A total of 1495 patients (mean age, 66 years ± 10; 1100 male patients) with 2014 nonculprit vessels were analyzed with a median follow-up of 3.3 years. MACE occurred in 100 vessels (5.0%). In a multivariable Cox analysis adjusted for high-risk features, vessel-specific CT fractional flow reserve (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.14; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.76; <i>P</i> = .02) and necrotic core volume (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.30; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.59; <i>P</i> = .01) were independent predictors of MACE and showed an incremental prognostic value when added to clinical risk factors (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.60 vs 0.67; <i>P</i> < .001). Conclusion AI-derived high-risk features at CCTA provided independent and incremental prognostic values for nonculprit vessel-related MACE. <b>Keywords:</b> Computed Tomographic Angiography, High-Risk Plaque, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"8 1","pages":"e250256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147290935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence-derived Measurements of Myosteatosis from Coronary Artery Calcium CT Scans to Predict COPD: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.","authors":"Amir Azimi, Kyle Atlas, Anthony P Reeves, Chenyu Zhang, Jakob Wasserthal, Seyed Reza Mirjalili, Thomas Atlas, Claudia I Henschke, David F Yankelevitz, Javier J Zulueta, Juan P de-Torres, Luis M Seijo, Jeffrey I Mechanick, Andrea Branch, Ning Ma, Rowena Yip, Wenjun Fan, Sion K Roy, Khurram Nasir, Sabee Molloi, Zahi A Fayad, Michael V McConnell, Ioannis A Kakadiaris, George S Abela, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, David J Maron, Jagat Narula, Kim A Williams, Prediman K Shah, Matthew J Budoff, Daniel Levy, Emelia J Benjamin, Roxana Mehran, Robert A Kloner, Nathan D Wong, Morteza Naghavi","doi":"10.1148/ryct.250205","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.250205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To evaluate the predictive value of myosteatosis as an opportunistic finding in coronary artery calcium (CAC) CT scans for clinically diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and compare it with an artificial intelligence (AI)-measured biomarker of emphysema derived from the same scans. Materials and Methods In this prospective study, baseline CAC CT scans and 20-year follow-up data were analyzed. Myosteatosis was defined as the lowest quartile of thoracic skeletal muscle mean attenuation (males < 33.5 HU, females < 27.0 HU). The emphysema-like lung biomarker was quantified as the percentage of lung voxels below -950 HU in CAC CT scans. COPD was identified using the <i>International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification</i>, and <i>International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification</i> diagnostic codes from hospital discharge records. Hazard ratios (HRs) for COPD were calculated using proportional hazard regression models, comparing the bottom versus top quartiles of myosteatosis and emphysema-like lung measurements. Results Among 5535 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (mean age ± SD, 62.2 years ± 10.3, 47.6% males), 396 (7.1%) were diagnosed with COPD over the 20-year follow-up period. Myosteatosis showed a stronger association with COPD than emphysema (unadjusted HRs, 5.98 [95% CI: 4.14, 8.63] and 2.12 [95% CI: 1.61, 2.78], respectively [<i>P</i> < .001]). After adjusting for covariates (age, sex, smoking status, body mass index, race, asthma, physical activity, inflammatory markers, and insulin resistance), the HRs were reduced to 2.74 (95% CI: 1.81, 4.16) and 1.50 (95% CI: 1.12, 2.00), respectively (<i>P</i> = .02). Conclusion AI-measured myosteatosis in CAC CT scans strongly predicted future diagnosed COPD independently of known risk factors. <b>Keywords:</b> Applications-CT, Pulmonary, Thorax, Adipose Tissue (Obesity Studies), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Metabolic Disorders, Myosteatosis, Coronary Artery Calcium Scan, Emphysema, AI-CVD ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00005487 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © The Author(s) 2026. Published by the Radiological Society of North America under a CC BY 4.0 license.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"8 1","pages":"e250205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12951201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146086815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value of Cardiac MRI for Acute Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Andrea Biondo, Victor Schweiger, Rabea Schlenker, Davide Di Vece, Alexander Gotschy, Martin F Reiner, Lukas J Moser, Konstantin Klambauer, Mihály Károlyi, Jelena R Templin-Ghadri, Verena C Wilzeck, Laura Bergamasco, Hatem Alkadhi, Christian Templin, Robert Manka","doi":"10.1148/ryct.250097","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.250097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To determine whether baseline clinical characteristics and cardiac MRI parameters predict major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in participants with angiographically confirmed spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD). Materials and Methods This prospective single-center study included participants with SCAD who were angiographically diagnosed between March 2018 and November 2023. Cardiac MRI was performed after a median of 4 days (IQR, 1.5-7) from symptom onset. SCAD types were classified according to the Yip-Saw system. Follow-up evaluation was performed at a median of 5.5 months after discharge, and MACEs were recorded. The primary outcome was the occurrence of MACEs. Secondary analyses included extent of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Statistical analysis included binary logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results Overall, 59 participants (mean age, 49 years ± 10; 40 female participants [68%]) were included. ST-elevation myocardial infarction at presentation was diagnosed in 24 of 59 (41%). Angiographically, 41 of 59 (69.5%) were SCAD type 2. Baseline cardiac MRI demonstrated acute injury in 48 of 59 (81%) and LGE in 54 of 59 (93%), typically moderate (median, three segments [IQR, two to five]). In the adjusted model, ST-elevation myocardial infarction manifestation independently predicted greater LGE extent (<i>P</i> = .02; odds ratio, 7.00; 95% CI: 2.00, 24.00). After multivariable adjustment, SCAD type 1 was significantly associated with MACEs (<i>P</i> = .002; hazard ratio, 10.00; 95% CI: 2.00, 23.00), as was transmural LGE (<i>P</i> = .006; hazard ratio, 1.50; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.10). A threshold of greater than or equal to four LGE segments identified a critical risk zone. Conclusion In SCAD, SCAD type 1 and involvement of more than three transmural LGE segments at acute cardiac MRI independently predicted MACEs. <b>Keywords:</b> MR Perfusion, Cardiac, Arteries, Cardiomyopathies, Ischemia/Infarction <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"8 1","pages":"e250097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145990589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value of Multienergy CT-derived Myocardial Extracellular Volume Fraction in Noninfarcted Segments of Individuals with Chronic Coronary Syndrome.","authors":"Qi Xu, Yuanchao Liu, Qian Guo, Kuolong Zheng, Qing Zhang, Jing Xiao, Tianle Wang, Shenchu Gong, Lianming Wu, Rongxing Qi","doi":"10.1148/ryct.250053","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.250053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To evaluate the prognostic value of myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV) derived from multienergy CT with late iodine enhancement (LIE) in noninfarcted myocardial segments of individuals with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). Materials and Methods This prospective study included consecutive participants with CCS who underwent LIE using multienergy CT following coronary CT angiography between March 2020 and December 2022. ECV was derived from only segments without LIE, and participants were dichotomized using a median-derived ECV cutoff value of 31%. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including cardiac death, hospitalization for heart failure, myocardial reinfarction, and malignant arrhythmia, were recorded during follow-up. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the association between noninfarcted ECV and MACEs. Results In total, 352 participants (median age, 68 years [IQR, 60-74 years]; 233 male) were included. During a median follow-up period of 41.7 months (IQR, 33.9-51.3 months), 76 participants experienced MACEs, including 17 cardiac deaths. Noninfarcted ECV was higher in participants with versus without LIE (median, 31.8% [IQR, 29.4%-35.1%] vs 30.6% [IQR, 28.5%-33.7%]; <i>P</i> = .01). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that participants with high noninfarcted ECV had greater risk of MACEs and cardiac death (all log-rank <i>P</i> < .05). In multivariable Cox regression, high noninfarcted ECV remained independently associated with MACEs (hazard ratio, 1.11 [95% CI: 1.04, 1.18]; <i>P</i> < .001) after adjustment for covariates including LIE. Incorporating both LIE and ECV into a baseline model with clinical, anatomic, and functional information enhanced predictive performance for MACEs (final C-statistic, 0.80 [95% CI: 0.75, 0.85]; <i>P</i> < .001). Conclusion Noninfarcted ECV assessed using multienergy CT was independently predictive of MACEs and provided incremental prognostic value in individuals with CCS. <b>Keywords:</b> Applications-CT, Multienergy CT, Cardiac, Coronary Arteries © RSNA, 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"8 1","pages":"e250053"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146019556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hypoxic Link: Paragangliomas in Unrepaired Tetralogy of Fallot.","authors":"Morné D Coetzee, Johan Sothmann, Christelle Ackermann, Prachi Agarwal","doi":"10.1148/ryct.250378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.250378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"8 1","pages":"e250378"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147290872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Prevalence of Apical Scarring at Chest CT in a Healthy Population.","authors":"Atsuki Fukada, Hironao Hozumi, Taiki Fukuda, Hiromitsu Sumikawa, Shigeki Muto, Masato Kono, Koshi Yokomura, Yusuke Inoue, Kazutaka Mori, Hideki Yasui, Yuzo Suzuki, Masato Karayama, Kazuki Furuhashi, Tomoyuki Fujisawa, Noriyuki Enomoto, Naoki Inui, Takafumi Suda","doi":"10.1148/ryct.250190","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.250190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To determine the prevalence of apical scarring-which has recently also been referred to as pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE)-like lesions, a characteristic finding at chest CT in idiopathic PPFE-in apparently healthy individuals, to identify associated clinical features, and to evaluate their progression over time. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included individuals without underlying diseases known to cause PPFE, who underwent comprehensive health checkups including chest CT between April 2014 and March 2015 (cohort 1: <i>n</i> = 1737; cohort 2: <i>n</i> = 1126). Clinical features associated with the presence of apical scarring were analyzed using propensity score matching and logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, in a subset of individuals with available follow-up data, radiologic progression of apical scarring was evaluated over a 4-year period from baseline, and potential risk factors were evaluated using a logistic regression model. Results Among 2863 individuals (median age, 57 years [IQR, 49-65 years]; 2299 male), 158 (5.5%) had apical scarring, with prevalence rates of 1.6%, 3.9%, and 8.1% in individuals aged 20-39 years, 40-59 years, and 60 years and older, respectively. Older age and lower body mass index, body fat, and waist circumference were associated with apical scarring. These findings were consistent in both cohorts. Among the 158 individuals with apical scarring, at least 20 (12.7%) demonstrated radiologic progression over 4 years, which was more common in those with more extensive lesions at baseline (progression rate: grade 1 lesions, 19.2% vs grade 2 lesions, 66.7%; <i>P</i> = .006). Conclusion Among apparently healthy individuals, the prevalence of apical scarring increased with age, and its presence was associated with a lean body habitus. Radiologic progression was observed in some individuals. <b>Keywords:</b> CT, Thorax, Lung, Epidemiology, Apical Cap, Interstitial Lung Disease, PPFE, PPFE-like lesions, Pleuroparenchymal Fibroelastosis <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"8 1","pages":"e250190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146228361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of a Natural Language Processing Model and Large Language Models for Extracting Incidental Lung Nodule Data.","authors":"João Martins da Fonseca, Alysson Roncally Carvalho, Rosana Souza Rodrigues, Marco Conrado, Rodrigo Basilio, Thiago Machuca, Bruno Hochhegger","doi":"10.1148/ryct.250210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.250210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"8 1","pages":"e250210"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146126178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editor's Recognition Awards to Reviewers.","authors":"Harold Litt","doi":"10.1148/ryct.260075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.260075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"8 1","pages":"e260075"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147290938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic and Prognostic Performance of Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Attenuation in Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome: Insights from the RAPID-CTCA Trial.","authors":"Suvasini Lakshmanan, Kang-Ling Wang, Mohammed N Meah, Evangelos Tzolos, Anda Bularga, Marc R Dweck, Nick Curzen, Attila Kardos, Liza Keating, Robert F Storey, Nicholas L Mills, Piotr J Slomka, Damini Dey, Alasdair Gray, Michelle C Williams, Carl Roobottom, David E Newby","doi":"10.1148/ryct.250074","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.250074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To assess whether pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation on coronary CT angiography (CCTA) aids in the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or provides additive prognostic value at 1 year in intermediate-risk individuals. Materials and Methods This study was a secondary post hoc analysis of the multicenter prospective randomized Rapid Assessment of Potential Ischemic Heart Disease with CT Coronary Angiography trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02284191), which enrolled intermediate-risk patients with suspected ACS from 37 sites in the United Kingdom between March 2015 and June 2019. The current study evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic performance of PCAT attenuation, the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score, coronary artery diameter stenosis, and low-attenuation plaque (LAP) burden, using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression, respectively. Results The study included 353 participants (median age, 63 years [IQR, 54-73 years]; 231 [65%] male participants), of whom 169 (48%) had a discharge diagnosis of ACS. The strongest predictors were diameter stenosis (C statistic, 0.74) and LAP burden (C statistic, 0.73), followed by the GRACE score (C statistic, 0.62). PCAT attenuation (C statistic, 0.57) did not provide additive discrimination for diagnosis (<i>P</i> > .05 for all comparisons). Both LAP burden (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.16; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.32) and PCAT attenuation (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.26) were independent predictors of death or recurrent myocardial infarction at 1 year. However, adding PCAT attenuation (C statistic, 0.63; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.76) to LAP burden (C statistic, 0.69; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.77) did not improve event discrimination (ΔC statistic, 0; 95% CI: -0.11, 0.11; <i>P</i> = .97). Conclusion In intermediate-risk individuals with suspected ACS, PCAT attenuation showed weak diagnostic and prognostic performance, inferior or nonadditive compared with the GRACE score or other CCTA metrics. <b>Keywords:</b> Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Attenuation, Acute Chest Pain, CT Coronary Angiography <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> Clinical trial registration no. NCT02284191 © RSNA, 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"8 1","pages":"e250074"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Cardiac 2D Flow MRI Reliability across Various Physiologic, Technical, and Observer Confounders in Healthy Traveling Volunteers.","authors":"Ralf F Trauzeddel, Thomas H Grandy, Elias Daud, Maximilian Müller, Jan Gröschel, Darian Viezzer, Thomas Hadler, Edyta Blaszczyk, Ning Jin, Daniel Giese, Jeanette Schulz-Menger","doi":"10.1148/ryct.240247","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.240247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of phase-contrast two-dimensional blood flow cardiac MRI (2D flow) measurements in the presence of physiologic, technical, and observer confounders. Materials and Methods In this prospective observational study from January to June 2022, 20 healthy volunteers underwent 2D flow cardiac MRI at four sites (one 1.5-T and three 3-T scanners). Each participant received two consecutive segmented gradient-echo acquisitions and one real-time sequence with a scan-rescan examination at one site. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) assessed sequence repeatability, scan-rescan reproducibility, sequence-type comparison, field-strength and scanner-configuration effects, and interobserver agreement. Correlations between forward flow volume (FF), peak velocity (PV), heart rate, and blood pressure were calculated using Pearson and Spearman coefficients. Segmented 2D flow cardiac MRI was compared with four-dimensional flow cardiac MRI at the sinotubular junction and aortic valve. Results Nineteen participants (mean age, 26 years ± 6 [SD]; 11 male participants) were analyzed. FF and PV demonstrated excellent sequence repeatability (ICC, 0.986 and 0.969, respectively) and scan-rescan reproducibility (ICC, 0.976 and 0.903, respectively). Different sequence types and field strengths showed excellent agreement for FF (ICC for sequence type, 0.925; ICC for field strength, 0.918), as did different scanner configurations and interobserver analyses with measurements within equivalence limits, except for PV across sequence types, field strengths, and between sites 2 and 3. Heart rate and FF correlated mildly (<i>r</i>, -0.40) but not systolic or diastolic blood pressure with FF and PV and heart rate with PV (<i>r</i>, -0.02). 2D and four-dimensional flow cardiac MRI correlated and had good to excellent agreement with FF at the sinotubular junction and aortic valve (<i>r</i>, 0.86; ICC, 0.930 and <i>r</i>, 0.89; ICC, 0.939, respectively) and moderate for PV (<i>r</i>, 0.77; ICC, 0.862 and <i>r</i>, 0.66; ICC, 0.767, respectively). Conclusion 2D flow cardiac MRI measurements showed excellent repeatability for FF and moderate agreement for PV across sequences, field strengths, and observers. Physiologic and technical confounders had minimal impact on measurement precision. <b>Keywords:</b> Cardiac MRI, 2D Flow Cardiac MRI, 4D Flow Cardiac MRI, Phase-Contrast MRI, Traveling Volunteers, Validation, Reliability, Postprocessing <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> ISRCTN Registry no. 14627679 © RSNA, 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"8 1","pages":"e240247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}