Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging最新文献

{"title":"Atypical Presentation of Tertiary Syphilis.","authors":"Paul Cholley, Julien Stievenart, Damien Fayard, Lucie Cassagnes","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230373","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection characterized by multiple stages. Cardiovascular involvement is a manifestation of tertiary syphilis, occurring between 10 and 40 years after the primary infection. The authors present a case of atypical presentation of tertiary syphilis in a 49-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital with bilateral transient loss of vision. Contrast-enhanced CT imaging revealed thoracic aortitis with carotid occlusion, coronary artery stenosis, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and multiple intracardiac thrombi. A postmortem autopsy revealed positive laboratory results for syphilis, which was corroborated by medical autopsy findings of syphilitic aortitis. <b>Keywords:</b> CT-Angiography, Aorta, Cardiac, Vascular, Tertiary Syphilis © RSNA, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incremental Prognostic Value of Cardiac MRI Feature Tracking and T1 Mapping in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Guanyu Lu, Liqi Cao, Weitao Ye, Xiaoyu Wei, Jiajun Xie, Zhicheng Du, Xinyue Zhang, Xinyi Luo, Jiehao Ou, Qianhuan Zhang, Yang Liu, Yuelong Yang, Hui Liu","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230430","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To explore the role of cardiac MRI feature tracking (FT) and T1 mapping in predicting sustained ventricular arrhythmias (VA) in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and to investigate their possible incremental value beyond ARVC risk score. Materials and Methods The retrospective study analyzed 91 patients with ARVC (median age, 36 years [IQR, 27-50 years]; 60 male, 31 female) who underwent cardiac MRI examinations between November 2010 and March 2022. The primary end point was the first occurrence of sustained VA after cardiac MRI to first VA, with censoring of patients who were alive without VA at last follow-up. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the association between variables and time to sustained VA. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the incremental value of cardiac MRI FT and T1 mapping. Results During a median follow-up of 55.0 months (IQR, 37.0-76.0 months), 36 of 91 (40%) patients experienced sustained VA. A 1% worsening in left ventricular global longitudinal peak strain (GLS), 1% worsening in right ventricular GLS, and a 1% increase in extracellular volume fraction (ECV) were associated with increased risk of sustained VA, with hazard ratios of 1.14 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.23; <i>P</i> = .001), 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.16; <i>P</i> = .02), and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.18; <i>P</i> < .001), respectively, after adjustment for ARVC risk score. Adding both biventricular GLS and ECV to ARVC risk score showed significant incremental value for predicting sustained VA (area under the ROC curve: 0.73 vs 0.65; <i>P</i> < .001). Conclusion Cardiac MRI-derived biventricular GLS and ECV provided independent and incremental value for predicting sustained VA beyond ARVC risk score alone in patients with ARVC. <b>Keywords:</b> Cardiovascular MRI, Feature Tracking, T1 Mapping, Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy, Sustained Ventricular Arrhythmias <i>Supplemental material is available for this article</i> Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Quadricuspid Pulmonary Valve Stenosis Presenting as Scrotal Edema.","authors":"Dan Liu, Zhao Li, Hongwei Zhang, Zihao Li","doi":"10.1148/ryct.240239","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.240239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collateral Circulation in Coarctation.","authors":"Niraj Nirmal Pandey, Sreelal Thazhathu Veettil, Sanjeev Kumar","doi":"10.1148/ryct.240250","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.240250","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinically Relevant Extracardiac Findings at Cardiac Imaging: Insights from the European MR/CT Registry.","authors":"Lukas J Moser, Matthias Gutberlet, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Marco Francone, Ricardo P J Budde, Rodrigo Salgado, Maja Hrabak Paar, Maja Pirnat, Christian Loewe, Konstantin Nikolaou, Michelle C Williams, Giuseppe Muscogiuri, Luigi Natale, Robin F Gohmann, Christian Lücke, Matthias Eberhard, Hatem Alkadhi","doi":"10.1148/ryct.240117","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.240117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To determine the prevalence of clinically relevant extracardiac findings at cardiac CT and MRI examinations from a multicenter, multinational MR/CT registry and the relationship of prevalence with examination indications and patient characteristics. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective analysis of data from the European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology MR/CT Registry. Data from 208 506 cardiac CT examinations (median patient age, 66 years [IQR, 55-77]; 121 617 [58.33%] male patients) and 228 462 cardiac MRI examinations (median patient age, 57 years [IQR, 42-69]; 145 792 [63.81%] male patients) entered into the registry between January 2011 and November 2023 were analyzed. Clinically relevant extracardiac findings were defined as findings requiring follow-up examinations or influencing clinical management. The association of examination indication and patient characteristics, including age, with prevalence of extracardiac findings was evaluated using incidence rate ratios (IRRs) derived from multivariable Poisson regression models. Results The prevalence of clinically relevant extracardiac findings was 3.28% (6832 of 208 506) at cardiac CT and 1.50% (3421 of 228 462) at cardiac MRI examinations. Extracardiac findings were more common at CT examinations performed for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (IRR, 2.07; <i>P</i> < .001) and structural heart disease (IRR, 1.44; <i>P</i> < .001) compared with CT performed for coronary artery disease (IRR, 1; reference). Extracardiac findings were more common at MRI examinations performed for myocarditis (IRR, 1.36; <i>P</i> < .001) and structural heart disease (IRR, 1.16; <i>P</i> < .001) than for coronary artery disease. Older patient age was also significantly associated with higher prevalence of extracardiac findings, with an IRR for both CT and MRI examinations of 1.02 (<i>P</i> < .001). Conclusion Data from the multicenter, multinational MR/CT registry indicate that clinically relevant extracardiac findings are present at cardiovascular CT and MRI examinations, and the prevalence of these findings is associated with examination indication and patient age. <b>Keywords:</b> Cardiac Imaging Techniques, Incidental Findings, MRI, CT Angiography, CT, Heart Disease <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Dose Whole-Chest Dynamic CT for the Assessment of Large Airway Collapsibility in Patients with Suspected Tracheobronchial Instability.","authors":"Arved Bischoff, Oliver Weinheimer, Anja Dutschke, Roman Rubtsov, Hans-Ulrich Kauczor, Daniela Gompelmann, Ralf Eberhardt, Franziska Trudzinski, Claus P Heussel, Felix J F Herth, Mattias Heinrich, Fenja Falta, Mark O Wielpütz","doi":"10.1148/ryct.240041","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.240041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To quantify tracheal collapsibility using low-dose four-dimensional (4D) CT and to compare visual and quantitative 4D CT-based assessments with assessments from paired inspiratory-expiratory CT, bronchoscopy, and spirometry. Materials and Methods The authors retrospectively analyzed 4D CT examinations (January 2016-December 2022) during shallow respiration in 52 patients (mean age, 66 years ± 12 [SD]; 27 female, 25 male), including 32 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second percentage predicted [FEV₁%], 50% ± 27), with suspected tracheal collapse. Paired CT data were available for 27 patients and bronchoscopy data for 46 patients. Images were reviewed by two radiologists in consensus, classifying patients into three groups: 50% or greater tracheal collapsibility, less than 50% collapsibility, or fixed stenosis. Changes in minimal tracheal lumen area, tracheal volume, and lung volume from inspiration to expiration were quantified using YACTA software. Tracheal collapsibility between groups was compared employing one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). For related samples within one group, ANOVA with repeated measures was used. Spearman rank order correlation coefficient was calculated for collapsibility versus pulmonary function tests. Results At 4D CT, 25 of 52 (48%) patients had tracheal collapsibility of 50% or greater, 20 of 52 (38%) less than 50%, and seven of 52 (13%) had fixed stenosis. Visual assessment of 4D CT detected more patients with collapsibility of 50% or greater than paired CT, and concordance was 41% (<i>P</i> < .001). 4D CT helped identify more patients with tracheal collapsibility of 50% or greater than did bronchoscopy, and concordance was 74% (<i>P</i> = .39). Mean collapsibility of tracheal lumen area and volume at 4D CT were higher for 50% or greater visually assessed collapsibility (area: 53% ± 9 and lumen: 52% ± 10) compared with the less than 50% group (27% ± 9 and 26% ± 6, respectively) (<i>P</i> < .001), whereas both tracheal area and volume were stable for the fixed stenosis group (area: 16% ± 12 and lumen: 21% ± 11). Collapsibility of tracheal lumen area and volume did not correlate with FEV₁% (<i>r</i>_s = -0.002 to 0.01, <i>P</i> = .99-.96). Conclusion The study demonstrated that 4D CT is feasible and potentially more sensitive than paired CT for central airway collapse. Expectedly, FEV₁% was not correlated with severity of tracheal collapsibility. <b>Keywords:</b> CT-Quantitative, Tracheobronchial Tree, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Imaging Postprocessing, Thorax <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impactful Cardiac CT and MRI Articles from 2023.","authors":"Fionn Coughlan, Sebastian Flynn, Alexander Haenel, Shane Crilly, Jonathon A Leipsic, Jonathan D Dodd","doi":"10.1148/ryct.240142","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.240142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac imaging is important in diagnosing, treating, and predicting prognosis in patients with cardiovascular disease. Imaging protocols and analysis are consistently evolving, and the implementation of artificial intelligence-based applications is of increasing interest. This review presents recent advancements in noninvasive cardiac imaging, specifically focusing on cardiac CT and MRI, from notable publications across multidisciplinary journals in 2023 of interest to both radiologists and referring clinicians in the field. The discussion encompasses the latest trials of CT fractional flow reserve and the performance of the newest generation of photon-counting detector CT, particularly in coronary stenosis quantification. Additionally, it addresses coronary plaque quantification using artificial intelligence applications and their implications from large patient cohorts, alongside prognostic outcomes, and the value of coronary artery calcification scores. Various aspects of CT trials, such as anatomic planning before revascularization, high-risk plaque features, outcomes, and pericoronary fat index, are evaluated. New insights from cardiac MRI trials for cardiomyopathies, including cardiac amyloidosis, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, and valvular disease, are also outlined. The review concludes by highlighting impactful societal statements and guidelines. <b>Keywords:</b> CT Angiography, MR Imaging, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation/Replacement (TAVI/TAVR), Cardiac, Coronary Arteries, Heart, Left Ventricle © RSNA, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Aortic Stiffness with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: New Insights into the Ventriculoarterial Connection.","authors":"Jens Bremerich, Maurice Pradella","doi":"10.1148/ryct.240296","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.240296","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geometric Changes in Mitral Valve Apparatus during Long-term Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy as Assessed with Cardiac CT.","authors":"Daniel B Fyenbo, Bjarne L Nørgaard, Philipp Blanke, Anders Sommer, Jade Duchscherer, Kelsey Kalk, Mads B Kronborg, Jesper M Jensen, Elliot R McVeigh, Victoria Delgado, Jonathon Leipsic, Jens C Nielsen","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230320","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To assess long-term geometric changes of the mitral valve apparatus using cardiac CT in individuals who underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Materials and Methods Participants from a randomized controlled trial with cardiac CT examinations before CRT implantation and at 6 months follow-up (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01323686) were invited to undergo an additional long-term follow-up cardiac CT examination. The geometry of the mitral valve apparatus, including mitral valve annulus area, A2 leaflet angle, tenting height, and interpapillary muscle distances, were assessed. Geometric changes at the long-term follow-up examination were reported as mean differences (95% CI), and the Pearson correlation test was used to assess correlation between statistically significant geometric changes and left ventricular (LV) volumes and function. Results Thirty participants (mean age, 68 years ± 9 [SD]; 25 male participants) underwent cardiac CT imaging after a median long-term follow-up of 9.0 years (IQR, 8.4-9.4). There were reductions in end-systolic A2 leaflet angle (-4° [95% CI: -7, -2]), end-systolic tenting height (-1 mm [95% CI: -2, -1]), and end-systolic and end-diastolic interpapillary muscle distances (-4 mm [95% CI: -6, -2]) compared with pre-CRT implantation values. The mitral valve annulus area remained unchanged. LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes decreased (-68 mL [95% CI: -99, -37] and -67 mL [95% CI: -96, -39], respectively), and LV ejection fraction increased (13% [95% CI: 7, 19]) at the long-term follow-up examination. Changes in interpapillary muscle distances showed moderate to strong correlations with LV volumes (<i>r</i> = 0.42-0.72; <i>P</i> < .05), while A2 leaflet angle and tenting height were not correlated to LV volumes or function. Conclusion Among the various geometric changes in the mitral valve apparatus after long-term CRT, the reduction in interpapillary muscle distances correlated with LV volumes while the reduced A2 leaflet angle and tenting height did not correlate with LV volumes. <b>Keywords:</b> Mitral Valve Apparatus, Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, Cardiac CT <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To-and-Fro Flow Equivalent at Dynamic CT Angiography of the Aorta.","authors":"André Vaz, Kevin Rafael De Paula Morales, Eduardo Kaiser Ururahy Nunes Fonseca","doi":"10.1148/ryct.240062","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.240062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11369741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141862054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}