超极化129Xe MRI和光谱学:定量测量,结果和新兴机会。

IF 4.2 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING
Alexandra Schmidt, James A Liggins, Haad Bhutta, Sharon D Dell, Janice M Leung, Don D Sin, Jonathon A Leipsic, Jonathan H Rayment, Rachel L Eddy
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引用次数: 0

摘要

超极化氙129 (129Xe) MRI使用吸入的129Xe气体来显示肺功能和微观结构。本文旨在总结129Xe MRI和MR波谱(MRS)的现有和新兴定量测量方法,并说明它们在心肺疾病的表征和管理中的临床应用。它们对患有肺部疾病的成人和儿童具有良好的耐受性,不使用电离辐射,其测量结果已通过与各种心肺疾病的肺功能测试的相关性得到验证。129Xe填充了畅通无阻的空气空间,生成了通风的三维地图,并能够量化通风缺陷、动力学和异质性。利用129Xe的生物溶解度,气体交换成像和光谱可以量化空气空间,肺泡膜和红细胞之间的气体转移,并且对血液氧合和血管重塑敏感。弥散加权成像量化空域扩大,提供肺泡微结构模型。磁共振成像可以帮助发现早期疾病,在参考标准工具(如肺功能测试)缺乏敏感性的地方增加了价值。129Xe MRI对局部功能评估的能力为局部功能缺陷的检测和图像引导干预的改进创造了机会。129Xe MRI和MRS的应用包括计划治疗,监测疾病进展和治疗反应,以及为临床和治疗研究开发替代终点。关键词:磁共振成像,磁共振光谱,胸,肺,超极化129Xe, MRI, MRS,肺功能,通气,气体交换,肺泡微观结构©RSNA, 2025。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI and Spectroscopy: Quantitative Measurements, Results, and Emerging Opportunities.

Hyperpolarized xenon 129 (129Xe) MRI uses inhaled 129Xe gas to visualize pulmonary function and microstructure. This review aims to summarize established and emerging quantitative measurements derived from 129Xe MRI and MR spectroscopy (MRS) and illustrate their clinical applications in the characterization and management of cardiopulmonary diseases. They are well tolerated by adults and children with pulmonary disease, employ no ionizing radiation, and their measurements have been validated by correlation with pulmonary function tests in various cardiopulmonary diseases. 129Xe fills unobstructed airspaces, producing three-dimensional maps of ventilation and enabling quantification of ventilation defects, dynamics, and heterogeneity. Leveraging 129Xe's biologic solubility, gas exchange imaging and spectroscopy allow for quantification of gas transfer between airspaces, alveolar membrane, and red blood cells and are sensitive to blood oxygenation and vascular remodeling. Diffusion-weighted imaging quantifies airspace enlargement, providing models of alveolar microstructure. 129Xe MRI can help detect early-stage disease, adding value where reference-standard tools, such as pulmonary function tests, lack sensitivity. The ability of 129Xe MRI to assess function regionally creates opportunities for the detection of localized functional deficits and the improvement of image-guided interventions. Applications of 129Xe MRI and MRS include planning treatment, monitoring disease progression and treatment response, and developing surrogate endpoints for clinical and therapeutic studies. Keywords: MR Imaging, MR Spectroscopy, Thorax, Lung, Hyperpolarized 129Xe, MRI, MRS, Lung Function, Ventilation, Gas Exchange, Alveolar Microstructure © RSNA, 2025.

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