Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging最新文献

{"title":"Coronary CT Angiography-based Morphologic Index for Predicting Hemodynamically Significant Coronary Stenosis.","authors":"Chenxi Wang, Shuang Leng, Ru-San Tan, Ping Chai, Jiang Ming Fam, Lynette Li San Teo, Chee Yang Chin, Ching Ching Ong, Lohendran Baskaran, Yung Jih Felix Keng, Adrian Fatt Hoe Low, Mark Yan-Yee Chan, Aaron Sung Lung Wong, Siang Jin Terrance Chua, Qinghua Wu, Swee Yaw Tan, Soo Teik Lim, Liang Zhong","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230064","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To develop a new coronary CT angiography (CCTA)-based index, α×LL/MLD⁴, that considers lesion entrance angle (α) in addition to lesion length (LL) and minimal lumen diameter (MLD) and to evaluate its efficacy in predicting hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis compared with invasive coronary angiography (ICA)-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR). Materials and Methods This prospective study enrolled participants (September 2016-March 2020) from two centers who underwent CCTA followed by ICA (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03054324). CCTA images were processed semiautomatically to measure LL, MLD, and α for calculating α×LL/MLD⁴. Diagnostic performance and accuracy of α×LL/MLD⁴ and LL/MLD⁴ in detecting hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis were compared against the reference standard (invasive FFR ≤ 0.80). Results In total, 133 participants (mean age, 63 years ± 9 [SD]; 99 [74%] men) with 210 stenosed coronary arteries were analyzed. Median α×LL/MLD⁴ was 54.0 degree/mm³ (IQR, 25.3-128.7) in participants with invasive FFR of 0.80 or less and 6.7 degree/mm³ (IQR, 3.3-12.8) in participants with invasive FFR of more than 0.80 (<i>P</i> < .001). The per-vessel accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for discriminating ischemic lesions were 86.2%, 83.1%, 88.4%, 84.1%, and 87.7% for α×LL/MLD⁴ and 80.5%, 66.3%, 90.9%, 84.3%, and 78.6% for LL/MLD⁴, respectively. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for discriminating hemodynamically significant stenosis was 0.93 for α×LL/MLD⁴, which was significantly greater than the values of 0.84 for LL/MLD⁴ and 0.63 for diameter stenosis (both <i>P</i> < .001). Conclusion The new morphologic index, α×LL/MLD⁴, incorporating lesion entrance angle achieved higher diagnostic performance in detecting hemodynamically significant lesions compared with diameter stenosis and LL/MLD⁴. <b>Keywords:</b> CT Angiography, Cardiac, Coronary Arteries, Ischemia, Infarction, Technology Assessment Clinical trial registration no. NCT03054324 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> © RSNA, 2023 See also the commentary by Fairbairn and Nørgaard in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"5 6","pages":"e230064"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Filamin C-associated Cardiomyopathy on Cardiac MR Images.","authors":"Segolene Weller, Colin Bartz-Overman, Cristina Fuss, En-Haw Wu","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230165","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"5 6","pages":"e230165"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Proton MRI to Evaluate Patient Pathophysiology in Severe Asthma.","authors":"William H Moore, Hersh Chandarana","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230372","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"5 6","pages":"e230372"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corkscrew Mesenteric Arteries and Tortuous Descending Aorta in Autosomal Recessive Cutis Laxa.","authors":"Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan, Jineesh Valakkada, Anoop Ayyappan, Pavan Kumar Bellala","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230138","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"5 6","pages":"e230138"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Top 2023 Images in Cardiothoracic Imaging.","authors":"Domenico Mastrodicasa, Suvai Gunasekaran, Samer Alabed, Gaurav S Gulsin, Kate Hanneman","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.230259","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"5 6","pages":"e230259"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vanishing Cystic Air Spaces.","authors":"Lucas de Pádua Gomes de Farias, Cesar Higa Nomura, Marcio Valente Yamada Sawamura","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230200","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"5 6","pages":"e230200"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum for: Photon-counting Detector CT in Patients Pre- and Post-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.","authors":"Judith van der Bie, Simran P Sharma, Marcel van Straten, Daniel Bos, Alexander Hirsch, Marcel L Dijkshoorn, Rik Adrichem, Nicolas M D A van Mieghem, Ricardo P J Budde","doi":"10.1148/ryct.239002","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.239002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"5 6","pages":"e239002"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitral Annular Disjunction: Review of an Increasingly Recognized Mitral Valve Entity.","authors":"Aishwarya Gulati, Vaibhav Gulati, Ray Hu, Prabhakar Shantha Rajiah, Jadranka Stojanovska, Jennifer Febbo, Harold I Litt, Behzad Pavri, Baskaran Sundaram","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230131","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) refers to atrial displacement of the hinge point of the mitral valve annulus from the ventricular myocardium. MAD leads to paradoxical expansion of the annulus in systole and may often be associated with mitral valve prolapse (MVP), leaflet degeneration, myocardial and papillary muscle fibrosis, and, potentially, malignant cardiac arrhythmias. Patients with MAD and MVP may present similarly, and MAD is potentially the missing link in explaining why some patients with MVP experience adverse outcomes. Patients with a 5 mm or longer MAD distance have an elevated risk of malignant cardiac arrhythmia compared with those with a shorter MAD distance. Evaluation for MAD is an important component of cardiac imaging, especially in patients with MVP and unexplained cardiac arrhythmias. Cardiac MRI is an important diagnostic tool that aids in recognizing and quantifying MAD, MVP, and fibrosis in the papillary muscle and myocardium, which may predict and help improve outcomes following electrophysiology procedures and mitral valve surgery. This article reviews the history, pathophysiology, controversy, prevalence, clinical implications, and imaging considerations of MAD, focusing on cardiac MRI. <b>Keywords:</b> MR-Dynamic Contrast Enhanced, Cardiac, Mitral Valve, Mitral Annular Disjunction, Mitral Valve Prolapse, Floppy Mitral Valve, Cardiac MRI, Arrhythmia, Sudden Cardiac Death, Barlow Valve © RSNA, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"5 6","pages":"e230131"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence-based Coronary Stenosis Quantification at Coronary CT Angiography versus Quantitative Coronary Angiography.","authors":"James Dundas, Jonathon A Leipsic, Stephanie Sellers, Philipp Blanke, Patricia Miranda, Nicholas Ng, Sarah Mullen, David Meier, Mariama Akodad, Janarthanan Sathananthan, Carlos Collet, Bernard de Bruyne, Olivier Muller, Georgios Tzimas","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230124","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Purpose To evaluate the performance of a new artificial intelligence (AI)-based tool by comparing the quantified stenosis severity at coronary CT angiography (CCTA) with a reference standard derived from invasive quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). Materials and Methods This secondary, post hoc analysis included 120 participants (mean age, 59.7 years ± 10.8 [SD]; 73 [60.8%] men, 47 [39.2%] women) from three large clinical trials (AFFECTS, P3, REFINE) who underwent CCTA and invasive coronary angiography with QCA. Quantitative analysis of coronary stenosis severity at CCTA was performed using an AI-based coronary stenosis quantification (AI-CSQ) software service. Blinded comparison between QCA and AI-CSQ was measured on a per-vessel and per-patient basis. Results The per-vessel AI-CSQ diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 80%, 88%, 86%, 65%, and 94%, respectively, for diameter stenosis (DS) 50% or greater; and 78%, 92%, 91%, 47%, and 98%, respectively, for DS 70% or greater. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) to predict DS of 50% or greater and 70% or greater on a per-vessel basis were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.95; <i>P</i> < .001) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.97; <i>P</i> < .001), respectively. The AUCs to predict DS of 50% or greater and 70% or greater on a per-patient basis were 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.97; <i>P</i> < .001) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.94; <i>P</i> < .001), respectively. Conclusion AI-CSQ at CCTA demonstrated a high diagnostic performance compared with QCA both on a per-patient and per-vessel basis, with high sensitivity for stenosis detection. <b>Keywords:</b> CT Angiography, Cardiac, Coronary Arteries <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"5 6","pages":"e230124"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomic Approach to Common and Uncommon Manifestations of Thoracic Leukemias with Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation.","authors":"Chi Wan Koo, Livia Maria Frota Lima, Allison Kerper, Ying-Chun Lo","doi":"10.1148/ryct.230151","DOIUrl":"10.1148/ryct.230151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leukemias are hematopoietic malignancies characterized by the production of abnormal leukocytes in the bone marrow. Clinical manifestations arise from either bone marrow suppression or leukemic organ infiltration. Lymphadenopathy is the most common direct manifestation of intrathoracic leukemia. However, leukemic cells may also infiltrate the lungs, pleura, heart, bones, and soft tissues. Pulmonary complications in patients with leukemia typically include pneumonia, hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, and sequelae of leukemia treatment. However, pulmonary abnormalities can also be related directly to leukemia, including leukemic pulmonary infiltration. The direct, non-treatment-related effects of leukemia on intrathoracic structures will be the focus of this imaging essay. Given the typical anatomic approach for image interpretation, an organ-based depiction of common and less common intrathoracic findings directly caused by leukemic involvement is presented, emphasizing imaging findings with pathologic correlations. <b>Keywords:</b> Leukemia, Pulmonary, Thorax, Soft Tissues/Skin, Hematologic, Bone Marrow © RSNA, 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":21168,"journal":{"name":"Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging","volume":"5 6","pages":"e230151"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139080881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}