Progress in cardiovascular diseases最新文献

{"title":"Excess mortality for acute myocardial infarction in the United States during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21156,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140190534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lack of ethnic and racial diversity among patients undergoing coronary artery calcium scanning","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>While coronary artery calcium (CAC) CAC scanning has become increasingly used as a tool for primary cardiovascular disease prevention, there has been little study regarding its comparative utilization among ethnic and racial minorities.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We contrasted the temporal trends in the ethnoracial composition for 73,856 out-patients undergoing stress/rest radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) between 1991 and 2020 and 32,906 undergoing CAC scanning between 1998 and 2020. Both groups were divided into those below and above 65 years. Initial medical insurance claims were used to identify which patients self-paid for SPECT-MPI and CAC studies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among stress-MPI patients &lt;65 years, the prevalence of White patients declined from 85.5% to 54.0% over the temporal span of our study while the prevalence of Blacks increased from 7.2% to 15.1% and that of Hispanics from 2.3 to 21.6%. Increasing ethnoracial diversification was also noted for SPECT-MPI patients ≥65 years. By contrast, over four-fifths of CAC studies were performed in White patients in each temporal period among both younger and older patients. Among CAC patients &lt;65 years, over 95% of studies were self-paid by patients. For CAC patients ≥65 years, nearly two-third of studies were first submitted to Medicare, but there was no difference in the ethnoracial composition in this group versus initial self-paying patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While the ethnoracial diversity of patients undergoing SPECT-MPI markedly increased at our Institution over recent decades, CAC scanning has been disproportionately and consistently utilized by self-paying White patients. These findings highlight the need to make CAC scanning more available among ethnoracial minorities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21156,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033062024000938/pdfft?md5=0ebb0e090c74b7293e8b9d1fbed799c1&pid=1-s2.0-S0033062024000938-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The link between impaired oxygen supply and cognitive decline in peripheral artery disease","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although peripheral artery disease (PAD) primarily affects large arteries outside the brain, PAD is also associated with elevated cerebral vulnerabilities, including greater risks for brain injury (such as stroke), cognitive decline and dementia.</p><p>In the present review, we aim to evaluate recent literature and extract information on potential mechanisms linking PAD and consequences on the brain. Furthermore, we suggest novel therapeutic avenues to mitigate cognitive decline and reduce risk of brain injury in patients with PAD.</p><p>Various interventions, notably exercise, directly or indirectly improve systemic blood flow and oxygen supply and are effective strategies in patients with PAD or cognitive decline. Moreover, triggering protective cellular and systemic mechanisms by modulating inspired oxygen concentrations are emerging as potential novel treatment strategies.</p><p>While several genetic and pharmacological approaches to modulate adaptations to hypoxia showed promising results in preclinical models of PAD, no clear benefits have yet been clinically demonstrated. We argue that genetic/pharmacological regulation of the involved adaptive systems remains challenging but that therapeutic variation of inspired oxygen levels (e.g., hypoxia conditioning) are promising future interventions to mitigate associated cognitive decline in patients with PAD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21156,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S003306202300124X/pdfft?md5=6f96d690f7f6cc9b72b862fb5e5f365b&pid=1-s2.0-S003306202300124X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138546624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis of direct oral anticoagulants vs warfarin for left ventricular thrombus","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21156,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140320337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The weekly mortality for ischemic heart disease in the US still peaks on mondays","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21156,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to assorted topics 2024","authors":"Carl J. Lavie","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21156,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative values for body composition in 22,191 healthy Norwegian adults 20–99 years: The HUNT4 study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Body mass, body mass index (BMI), and body composition components are essential for health and longevity. Considering the influence of demographic factors on body composition, there is a need for tailored reference values based on age-, sex-, and geography. We aimed to construct a comprehensive reference material on body composition in healthy Norwegian adults.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this cross-sectional study, we estimated age- and sex-specific reference values for body-, fat-, and muscle mass variables using multi-frequency bioelectrial impedance analysis (such as body fat percentage, skeletal muscle mass and visceral fat area) in 22,191 healthy adults aged 20–99 years participating in the Trøndelag Health Study 4 (HUNT4). We calculated the fat mass and skeletal muscle mass index as the total fat and muscle mass relative to height squared and used general linear models to explore the associations between physical activity (PA), BMI, and age.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>With a BMI (kg/m²) of 25.4 (SD 5.1) and 26.0 (4.5) for women and men, respectively, the youngest age group (20–39 yrs) had a lower BMI compared to their counterparts aged 40–59 years (26.3 [4.5] and 27.5 [3.8]) and ≥ 60 years (25.7 [4.1] and 26.5 [3.4]), respectively. Those aged 20–39 years also had the lowest values for the different body fat variables measured. Fat mass index (kg/m²) was 8.41 (4.00) and 5.81 (3.29) for women and men aged 20–39 years, respectively, compared to 9.25 (3.21) and 6.86 (2.46) for those aged ≥60 years. The oldest age group had the lowest values for the various muscle mass variables; women and men aged 60+ years had a skeletal muscle mass index (kg/m²) of 8.91 (0.85) and 10.96 (1.00), respectively. Corresponding values for those aged 20–39 years were 9.33 (0.97) and 11.49 (1.15). For all age groups and both sexes, regular physical activity was associated with lower levels of fat mass, whereas the association between muscle mass and PAwas less conclusive. When using body fat percentage as an obesity measure, we observed a much higher obesity prevalence (41.2%) in the study population compared to BMI (17.3%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our study offers a comprehensive reference for body composition among healthy adults in Norway, aiding the identification of abnormal fat and muscle mass values across age groups. We also highlight that BMI often misclassifies individuals with adiposity levels in the overweight or obese category as lean. Therefore, incorporating body composition when defining obesity could enable early intervention to prevent cardiometabolic diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21156,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All we need to know about lipoprotein(a).","authors":"Courtney Bess, Anurag Mehta, Parag H Joshi","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.05.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2024.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21156,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141023401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estrogen and cardiovascular disease","authors":"Felice Gersh ,&nbsp;James H. O'Keefe ,&nbsp;Andrew Elagizi ,&nbsp;Carl J. Lavie ,&nbsp;Jari A. Laukkanen","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A large body of scientific research accumulated over the past twenty years documents the cardiovascular (CV) benefits of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) in reproductive aged women. In contrast, accelerated development of CV disease (CVD) occurs in the absence of ovarian produced E2 and P4. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with E2 and P4 has been shown to cause no harm to younger menopausal women. This robust scientific data supports a reconsideration of the prescriptive use of E2 and P4 as preventative therapeutics for the reduction of CVD, even without additional large-scale studies of the magnitude of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). With the current expanded understanding of the critical modulatory role played by E2 on a multitude of systems and enzymes impacting CVD onset, initiation of HRT shortly after cessation of ovarian function, known as the “Timing Hypothesis”, should be considered to delay CVD in recently postmenopausal women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21156,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139565405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in preventive cardiology","authors":"Adham El Sherbini ,&nbsp;Robert S. Rosenson ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Al Rifai ,&nbsp;Hafeez Ul Hassan Virk ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang ,&nbsp;Salim Virani ,&nbsp;Benjamin S. Glicksberg ,&nbsp;Carl J. Lavie ,&nbsp;Chayakrit Krittanawong","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field of study that strives to replicate aspects of human intelligence into machines. Preventive cardiology, a subspeciality of cardiovascular (CV) medicine, aims to target and mitigate known risk factors for CV disease (CVD). AI's integration into preventive cardiology may introduce novel treatment interventions and AI-centered clinician assistive tools to reduce the risk of CVD. AI's role in nutrition, weight loss, physical activity, sleep hygiene, blood pressure, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol, recreational drugs, and mental health has been investigated. AI has immense potential to be used for the screening, detection, and monitoring of the mentioned risk factors. However, the current literature must be supplemented with future clinical trials to evaluate the capabilities of AI interventions for preventive cardiology. This review discusses present examples, potentials, and limitations of AI's role for the primary and secondary prevention of CVD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21156,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140069040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}