Results in Optics最新文献

{"title":"Trailblazing 1D gadolinium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG: Gd3+) nanofibers for UV-optimized applications","authors":"Khushbu A. Rathi ,&nbsp;Tejaswini A. Rathi ,&nbsp;Subhash B. Kondawar ,&nbsp;Pankaj Koinkar ,&nbsp;Sanjay R. Dhakate","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research presents a novel approach to fabricating Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) nanofibers doped with Gadolinium (Gd³⁺) ions using the electrospinning technique. Rare earth-doped electrospun nanofibers, known for their exceptional performance, attract significant interest for applications in flexible display devices. While Gd³⁺-doped YAG materials have been studied, this is the first instance of their synthesis in nanofiber form, enhancing their optical and emission properties, particularly in the ultraviolet-B i.e. UV-B (280–315 nm) range. The study aims to develop and characterize these nanofibers with varying Gd³⁺ concentrations (x = 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 mol%), employing techniques like X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence to analyze structural integrity, surface morphology, and luminescence. XRD confirmed the pure YAG phase after calcination at 950 °C for 2 hrs, and the nanofibers showed a strong emission peak at 313 nm under 274 nm excitation corresponding to the ⁶P_7/2 → ⁸S_7/2 transition, with optimal photoluminescence at 1 mol% Gd³⁺ doping. These results highlight the potential of Gd³⁺-doped YAG nanofibers for advanced applications in flexible electronics and UV-based display devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100762"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dark-field super-oscillatory microscopy with high-pass super-oscillatory filters","authors":"Yujie Shen ,&nbsp;Wenyan Ou ,&nbsp;Ye Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Super-resolution imaging of transparent objects is particularly challenging due to the interference caused by background light. This interference can significantly degrade image quality by reducing contrast and obscuring fine details. In this work, high-pass super-oscillatory masks are designed to address this issue by filtering out the background light on the Fourier plane. The resolution of the corresponding super-oscillatory point-spread function is 0.66 times the diffraction limit, enabling the resolution of transparent objects with 67% transparency at sub-wavelength scales. Additionally, the high-pass super-oscillatory masks are designed for a 1080 × 1920 liquid-crystal spatial light modulator, making future experimental implementation straightforward. This facilitates easy switching between bright-field and dark-field super-oscillatory microscopy, broadening the range of application scenarios for the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100756"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-destructive thickness measurement of Si wafers via optical third-harmonic generation with femtosecond laser pulses","authors":"In Jae Lee ,&nbsp;Dae Hee Kim ,&nbsp;Jiwon Hahm ,&nbsp;Hongki Yoo ,&nbsp;Seung-Woo Kim ,&nbsp;Young-Jin Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Si wafers are vital substrate materials in semiconductor manufacturing and require precise non-destructive thickness measurements. However, the conventional electrical and optical measurement techniques are limited by depth selectivity and system complexity. Here, we propose a simple, high-precision, non-destructive thickness measurement method based on surface-sensitive optical third-harmonic generation at both sides of Si wafers. We irradiated a highly stabilized near-infrared femtosecond pulse laser with a broad spectrum and central wavelength of 1550 nm on the Si wafers, which are non-transparent in the visible to ultraviolet wavelength range. Using the proposed system, the thickness of the certified reference wafer was measured, yielding results that fall within the certified uncertainty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating innovative optical solitons for a (3+1)- dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger’s equation under the influences of 4th-order dispersive and parabolic law of nonlinearities","authors":"Abeer S. Khalifa ,&nbsp;Hamdy M. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Niveen M. Badra ,&nbsp;Wafaa B. Rabie ,&nbsp;Homan Emadifar","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study tackles a nonlinear Schrödinger’s equation in three dimensions, using three dispersive components of fourth order, often resulting in pure-quartic solitons. Pure-quartic bullets are known to deviate from conventional solitons due to their balance of fourth-order dispersion and nonlinearity. As bright and dark optically modulated bullets, we derive many solutions. Experiments on bullet transmission using optical nanofibers can benefit from the solutions found. Our creative solutions are produced by implementing the well-known scheme which is the improved modified extended tanh-function scheme. We find novel kinds of solutions (dark, bright, singular solitons, exponential, singular periodic, Weierstrass elliptic doubly periodic solutions, and Jacobi elliptic functions) that make their originality for the problem at hand evident by using the previously described approach. Contour plots and 2D and 3D visualizations in Wolfram Mathematica software are used to show how the well-furnished results propagate for various values of the necessary free parameters. The results demonstrate the computational processes’ precise, well-informed, and efficient nature. Through their integration with representational computations, they may be applied to increasingly complex phenomena. This work constitutes a major advancement in our comprehension of the intricate and erratic behavior of this mathematical model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100754"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new matrix representation of the Maxwell equations based on the Riemann–Silberstein–Weber vector for a linear inhomogeneous medium","authors":"Sameen Ahmed Khan ,&nbsp;Ramaswamy Jagannathan","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We derive a new eight dimensional matrix representation of the Maxwell equations for a linear homogeneous medium and extend it to the case of a linear inhomogneous medium. This derivation starts <em>ab initio</em> with the Maxwell equations and uses arguments based on the algebra of the Pauli matrices. This process leads automatically to the matrix representation based on the Riemann–Silberstein–Weber (RSW) vector. The new representation for the homogeneous medium is a direct sum of four Pauli matrix blocks. This aspect of the new representation should make it suitable for studying the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a linear inhomogeneous medium adopting the techniques of quantum mechanics treating the inhomogeneity as a perturbation. The new representation is used to rederive the Mukunda–Simon–Sudarshan matrix substitution rule for transition from the Helmholtz scalar wave optics to the Maxwell vector wave optics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning of bandgap for warm white light emissions in indium-doped cesium metal halide perovskites by solvothermal method","authors":"Sasi Bhushan Bhimavarapu ,&nbsp;Vandana Somibabu ,&nbsp;Pallepamu Tirupathi Rao ,&nbsp;Deepti Bhargava ,&nbsp;Satya Kamal Chirauri ,&nbsp;R.K. Ramachandra","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cesium-based perovskites, particularly Cs₃Bi₂Br₉, doped with indium, have emerged as promising materials for energy-efficient lighting, notably in white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). This study aimed to address environmental concerns associated with lighting technology by employing solvothermal synthesis to fabricate these materials. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), were applied to assess their properties. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of Cs₃Bi₂Br₉ with a trigonal crystal structure and indium doping induced significant changes in the material’s color and crystal lattice. TEM imaging, even after six months, revealed the presence of stable nanocrystals, indicating the material’s durability in practical applications. UV–Vis absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy showed variable bandgaps and efficient photon emission. Notably, as the indium doping concentration increased, the emitted light shifted from blue to bluish-white, making these materials highly suitable for the synthesis of WLEDs. This research offers a promising prospect to address environmental issues associated with lighting technology while advancing energy-efficient illumination solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100752"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of hydrophilic multilayer structures for energy saving window applications using sol-gel spin coating","authors":"Venkatesh Yepuri,&nbsp;Palikela Ramachandramurthy","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study is centered on analyzing the microstructural and optical reflectivity properties of multilayers composed of dielectric titania and silica. The goal is to investigate their potential application as energy-efficient windows on glass surfaces in different modern building projects. Nevertheless, the creation of these coatings can be quite expensive due to their complex structure. This study focuses on the development of a cost-effective method to produce a multilayer structure made of titania and silica. This structure has the remarkable ability to reflect approximately 100 % of UV light and 70 % of infrared light, all achieved with just three layers. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was conducted to examine the crystallinity of the coatings. The results indicated the presence of an anatase phase, as evidenced by the Bragg angle of 25^O. Empirical support was obtained through the use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which revealed the presence of functional bonds at specific wavenumbers. Titania and silica were identified at wave numbers of 596 cm⁻¹ and 1246 cm⁻¹, respectively. The FTIR investigation was further supported by energy dispersive spectrum analysis (EDAX), which verified the existence of titania and silica in the multilayer structure. Through the use of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), the analysis of the multilayer structure unveiled the existence of layers composed of titania, silica, and titania. These layers were found to have thicknesses of approximately 286 nm, 315 nm, and 222 nm, respectively. The coatings were analyzed for reflectance using a UV–VIS-NIR spectrophotometer, which showed a full reflection of 100 % in the far ultraviolet range and a reflection of 70 % in the infrared region. Furthermore, the analysis of the coatings’ wetting behavior with a contact angle meter revealed their hydrophilic nature, suggesting their potential use in self-cleaning applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100749"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of lateral tarsal strip surgery on corneal biomechanical parameters measured by Corvis ST","authors":"Alaa Mohammad Alghurab ,&nbsp;Ali H. Alnasraw ,&nbsp;Maythum Ali Shallan ,&nbsp;Rawaa Awad Kadhum ,&nbsp;Heba G. Abdelzaher ,&nbsp;M.A. Abdelzaher","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of lateral tarsal strip (LTS) surgery for involutional ectropion on corneal biomechanical properties measured by the Corvis ST device.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective clinical study examined 23 patients (mean age 67.7 years) undergoing LTS for involutional ectropion. Corneal biomechanics were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 month postoperatively using the Corvis ST. Deformation amplitude, applanation length, highest concavity measurements, and corneal biomechanical indices were compared before and after LTS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The second applanation deformation amplitude was significantly reduced after LTS compared to before (0.471 vs 0.428 mm, p = 0.031) indicating improved corneal stiffness. First applanation deflection length also decreased significantly following surgery (2.342 vs 1.967 mm, p = 0.043) suggesting enhanced corneal stability. Highest concavity deformation parameters were unchanged. Corneal biomechanical index, stiffness parameter, and intraocular pressure compensatory effect showed no significant differences pre- versus post-operatively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>LTS surgery leads to measurable improvements in select corneal biomechanical parameters, specifically applanation deformation amplitude and deflection length. This preliminary analysis reveals subtle beneficial impacts on corneal stiffness and stability after surgical correction of ectropion. LTS appears to marginally augment corneal biomechanical properties based on Corvis ST assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100751"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142437907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Ground State Hanle Effect on Paraffin Coated Alkali Atoms under EIT and EIA","authors":"Muhammad Jehanzaib Aslam ,&nbsp;Muhammad Umar Farooq ,&nbsp;Kishore Chand ,&nbsp;M. Mustafa Azeem ,&nbsp;Ahmer Hussain Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This review is specifically aimed at providing deeper understanding of the ground state Hanle effect through novel methods of atomic vapor interaction with resonant light. Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) and absorption (EIA) are the primary phenomena in this context. EIT is a process in which destructive interference at absorption frequencies within a medium is caused by a control laser and makes the medium clear to the probe laser light. It should be noted that this transparency is crucial for turning on/off the light pulses, slowing down or stopping in several cases, thus enhancing the effectiveness of atomic magnetometers. However, constructive interference that occurs in EIA raises the density of the medium, which is advantageous for achieveing precise measurements. Thus, studying Hanle effect contribute in development of commercially valuable applications and the improvement of atomic clocks.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study is to review the fundamental principles of the Hanle effect, EIT, EIA, and coating methods for alkali atoms. These principles and techniques are essential for improving the sensitivity and functionality of atomic magnetometers and other quantum devices. By understanding and applying these phenomena, significant progress has been made in the development of high-precision measurement tools and quantum technologies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Advancements in atomic magnetometer sensitivity represent a rapidly growing area of interest that has made the significant progress in the development of quantum devices. This review consolidates the state of art research and development of fundamental principles and practical applications of the Hanle effect, EIT, EIA, and coating methods for alkali atoms. It highlights how advancements in EIT and EIA have contributed to the sensitivity improvements of atomic magnetometers, and show the importance of coating methods for maintaining system integrity and performance. These developments are essential in revolutioning of modern quantum technologies and precision measurement devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100753"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intense violet electroluminescence of thin SiO2 layers with SnO2 nanocrystals","authors":"Ivan Romanov ,&nbsp;Irina Parkhomenko ,&nbsp;Liudmila Vlasukova ,&nbsp;Elke Wendler ,&nbsp;Fadei Komarov","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2024.100750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It has been shown that Sn implantation with subsequent annealing in air leads to an increase in the electroluminescence (EL) intensity of SiO₂/Si structure by two orders of magnitude. Intense violet EL with a maximum at 3.21 <!--> <!-->eV was observed at room temperature by the naked eye at forward bias. The observed emission was attributed to radiative recombination in SnO₂ nanocrystals synthesized in SiO₂ layers. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) increased with decreasing Sn concentration The maximum external quantum efficiency was found to be 0.7 % for the silica film Sn-implanted at the lowest fluence of 2.5 × 10¹⁶ <!-->cm⁻². The non-radiative charge transport (shunt current) through the sample and mechanism of EL excitation are discussed. It has been concluded that the Poole–Frenkel mechanism, or tunneling between traps are the most likely mechanisms of charge transport to light-emitting centers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100750"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}