Results in Optics最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced accuracy in surface profile reconstruction in white light interferometry using the BM3D algorithm in conjunction with fast Fourier transform","authors":"Thong Nguyen Doan ,&nbsp;Hai Le Hoang ,&nbsp;Nhu Le Van","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of White Light Interferometry (WLI) has become increasingly popular across various fields for high-precision surface profile measurement. This method offers several advantages, including fast measurement, non-contact operation, and the ability to measure a wide range of surfaces. The accuracy of the measurement depends significantly on the quality of the interference fringe signals captured by the camera. In this study, we propose a novel two-step approach for WLI signal processing. The first step focuses on denoising individual interference fringe images to obtain cleaner, more accurate fringes, thereby improving correlogram quality. The second step processes the correlogram to extract surface height information precisely. In the preprocessing stage, the BM3D (Block-Matching and 3D Filtering) algorithm is employed for its effectiveness in image denoising. Then, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is applied to suppress noise in the axial signals, combined with an interpolation algorithm to determine surface heights with high precision. The proposed method shows clear improvements in measurement accuracy. This was validated through simulations of arbitrary surface profiles, showing over 40 % improvement compared to the case without the algorithm and up to five fold error reduction under high-noise conditions. When tested on experimental data, the method achieved a deviation of only 0.169  nm compared to a commercial Zygo system, while the traditional FFT method showed an average deviation of 4.713  nm—about 27 times larger. This approach also provides a foundation for developing more advanced WLI signal processing techniques targeting even higher accuracy in future applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100877"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144757321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning optical properties of Mn5+ doped Ba3(VO4)2: Pigment and phosphor","authors":"Héliante Torre ,&nbsp;Mathieu Duttine ,&nbsp;Guillaume Salek ,&nbsp;Jérôme Majimel ,&nbsp;Alexandre Fargues ,&nbsp;Aurélie Le Beulze ,&nbsp;Véronique Jubera ,&nbsp;Manuel Gaudon","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ba₃(V_1-xMn_xO₄)₂ solid solution was synthesized using both a conventional ceramic route and the sol–gel Pechini process. Structural and compositional characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and EPR, enabling a detailed understanding of how Mn content influences both structure and color. These compounds exhibit a dual optical behavior: (i) strong absorption in the visible to near-infrared range due to Mn⁵⁺ intra-atomic transitions, and (ii) intense absorption in the UV–visible range resulting from ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) involving both Mn⁵⁺ and V⁵⁺. This dual absorption gives rise to a narrow reflection window centered on blue hues, allowing the color to be tuned from pale blue to dark green depending on the manganese concentration. Additionally, compositions with low Mn content display a sharp and intense near-infrared emission at 1181.5 nm, though this emission is strongly quenched at higher Mn levels. These findings highlight the potential of these compounds as stable and non-toxic inorganic pigments with interesting optical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical study of a broadly tunable fiber optical parametric oscillator","authors":"Muhammad Ghawas ,&nbsp;Olivia Zurita-Miranda ,&nbsp;Valerian Freysz ,&nbsp;Eric Freysz","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a tunable singly resonant fiber optical parametric oscillator (FOPO) based on a four-wave mixing process occurring in a 35<!--> <!-->cm-long single-mode photonic crystal fiber. This FOPO is synchronously pumped at a repetition rate of 61<!--> <!-->MHz by tunable picosecond pulses centered around 1030<!--> <!-->nm. It generates parametric picosecond signal pulses tunable from 770<!--> <!-->nm to 1000<!--> <!-->nm with a pump-to-signal conversion efficiency of up to 24.7%. Over this wide tuning range, increasing the pump power from 300<!--> <!-->mW to 1200<!--> <!-->mW enables a transition from narrow-bandwidth to broad-bandwidth parametric generation. We developed a numerical simulations that replicates key experimental observations. By operating the FOPO with a 184<!--> <!-->cm long single-mode photonic crystal fiber, we achieved a broad continuum of light extending from 750<!--> <!-->nm to 1550<!--> <!-->nm with 1<!--> <!-->W of pump power.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absorption bandwidth enhancement technique using stacked unequal cross-shaped graphene absorber","authors":"Omid Mohsen Daraei ,&nbsp;Pejman Rezaei ,&nbsp;Seyed Amin Khatami ,&nbsp;Pouria Zamzam ,&nbsp;Saswat Mohapatra ,&nbsp;Bhargav Appasani ,&nbsp;Shiva Khani","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terahertz metamaterial absorbers (TMAs) are gaining considerable attention due to their unique characteristics. Graphene-based absorbers are a subclass of TMAs that exhibit tunable absorption characteristics for myriad applications. This paper proposes a TMA consisting of two layers of graphene in a cross-shaped structure where the absorption can be modified by altering the chemical potential of the graphene layers. A quarter-wave impedance transformer has been utilized to attain optimal absorption in the vicinity of the central frequency of this absorber. The normalized input admittance’s real and imaginary parts should be approximately tuned to 1 and 0 around the central frequency to achieve the ideal absorption rate. Also, the transmission line theory has been considered to verify the absorption level achieved around the central frequency. The conductivity of the graphene layer is changed by altering the levels of chemical potential; the Fermi levels for the upper and lower layers of the graphene cross-shaped THz absorber have been considered 1 eV and 0.3 eV, respectively, to achieve maximum absorption. Therefore, the bandwidth of this absorber reached 1.74 THz, around 7 THz as the central frequency. The proposed asymmetric stacked graphene structure provides broadband, polarization-insensitive, and electrically tunable absorption around 7 THz, making it highly suitable for applications such as THz imaging, sensing, and electromagnetic signature reduction technologies. Compared to prior designs, it offers improved bandwidth, tunability, and angular stability, making it a compact and practical solution for next-generation terahertz systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100872"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the molecular orientation and mechanical properties characterization of drawn polypropylene fiber with different draw ratios using simulated microinterferograms of double refraction Pluta polarizing fringes","authors":"MA El-Morsy ,&nbsp;Satam Alotibi","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simulated (duplicated and non-duplicated) microinterferograms of double refraction Pluta microscope in the case of drawn polypropylene fiber were presented. The duplicated and non-duplicated microinterferograms offer the possibility of mapping the optical and mechanical properties of drawn polypropylene fiber. These microinterferograms were automatically analyzed to investigate the effect of the drawing process on the molecular orientation function and the structural properties of polypropylene fibers. An empirical formula to correlate the birefringence of polypropylene fiber with the draw ratio was presented. The orientation angle, the orientation factors (f₂(θ)_Opt, f₄(θ)_Opt, f₂(θ)_c, and f₄(θ)_c), the number of chains per unit volume (N_m), the stress-optical coefficient (SOC), the segment anisotropy (S_A), the optical configuration factor (Δa), the dielectric constant (ϕ), the dielectric susceptibility (η),the specific refractivity (ω), and other optical parameters were calculated using non-Gaussian statistical approximation. The comparison between calculated results in the case of Gaussian and non-Gaussian approximation was presented. The segment orientation distribution is an important key to understanding the relationship between the growth of a crystallite and the orientation angle, so we discussed it in detail inside the text. The constants of Mooney-Rivlin equation for polypropylene fiber were determined. In this study, we presented a new and simple formula for calculating the principal refractive indices of fully oriented polypropylene fibers. The obtained results give good qualitative agreement with previous experimental data for polypropylene fiber.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100867"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of absorption layer and back reflection layer thicknesses for enhanced solar cell efficiency","authors":"Afrah Yass,&nbsp;Ghaleb Ali Al-Dahash,&nbsp;Jinan Ali Abd","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the impact of absorption layer thickness and back reflection layer incorporation on (CIGS/TiO2/ZTO/ZnO:Al) solar cell efficiency. Results demonstrated that cell efficiency increases with absorption layer thickness until stabilizing at an optimal balance with other layers. The addition of a back reflection layer enhanced the efficiency while allowing for reduced absorption layer thickness, potentially lowering production costs. MoSe₂ was identified as the optimal back reflection layer material, enabling a reduction in absorption layer thickness to 0.5 µm. Initial results yielded Voc = 0.6865 V, Jsc=40.32 mA/cm², FF = 83.30 %, and η = 23.06 %. Further investigation revealed that back reflection layer thickness also influences cell performance, with efficiency increasing until stabilization. Optimizing this parameter resulted in improved final outcomes: Voc=0.6955 V, Jsc=42.98 mA/cm², FF = 83.10 % and η = 24.84 %. These findings contribute to the ongoing efforts to enhance solar cell efficiency and reduce manufacturing costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100870"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximizing the performance of FTO/GO/FASnI3/Cu solar cells: Advanced analysis using SCAPS-1D achieving an efficiency of 20.63%","authors":"Lhouceine Moulaoui ,&nbsp;Abdelhafid Najim ,&nbsp;Abdelmounaim Laassouli ,&nbsp;Bouzid Manaut ,&nbsp;Anass Bakour ,&nbsp;Youssef Lachtioui ,&nbsp;Khalid Rahmani ,&nbsp;Omar Bajjou","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this investigation, a numerical modeling was developed out using SCAPS-1D to optimize produvtivity levels of a perovskite photovoltaic (PV) cell device utilizing Formamidinium tin Iodide as an active layer (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span>; <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>FA</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>NH</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span>) with graphene oxide (GO) serving as the buffer layer. The exceptional electronic and optical characteristics resulted in a notable enhancement of the performance of hybrid organic–inorganic halide perovskite. This paper aims to examine various parameters that influence the effectiveness of the PV cell, including the layers thickness of the absorber (FASnI₃) and the GO buffer, the temperature effects, defect density for the GO/<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span> interface, and the resistance R_s in series and in shunt R_SH. The FTO/<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span>/GO/Cu configuration achieves peak performance with an open circuit voltage (<span><math><msub><mi>V</mi><mrow><mi>O</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) of 1.044 V, a short circuit current (<span><math><msub><mi>J</mi><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) of 28.69 <span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>A</mi><mo>·</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>, a fill factor (FF) of 68.88 % and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.63 %. The optimization of this device parameters, allows to suggest the possibility of synthesizing an efficient lead-free <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span>-based PV cell.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100869"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of the dual-band common-aperture optical imaging system","authors":"Yiming Ying,&nbsp;Bo Yang,&nbsp;Qianjin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a visible/near-infrared (NIR) co-aperture optical system based on an internal reflecting lens is proposed, where the light propagates by reflecting inside the lens, simplifying the co-aperture structure, reducing the number of lenses while enlarging the field of view, and using dichroic mirrors to complete the spectral separation to realize the simultaneous imaging of visible and near-infrared light. The optical system is simulated and optimized by optical design software, and tolerance analysis and scattered light analysis are performed. For blurred images caused by sensitive tolerances, image restoration of the blurred images is performed using SRN-Deblurnet. The system extends the total field of view to 30°and provides high-quality images in both bands simultaneously. Monte Carlo tolerance analysis confirms the manufacturability of the system. The internal reflector lens structure helps to correct the external aberration of the axis, reducing the number of mirrors and the difficulty of adjustment, while the SRN-Deblurnet reduces the impact of sensitive tolerances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100863"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis of the optoelectronic properties of selected Sn-based perovskites solar cells using SCAPS simulation","authors":"Olumide Olakunle Moyofola ,&nbsp;Moses Eterigho Emetere","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Halide-perovskite solar cells are gaining popularity and could significantly impact the development of next-generation solar cells. However, one of the biggest obstacles to the commercialization of perovskite solar cells is the toxic nature of lead (Pb), which is the primary component of the most efficient absorber layer. Consequently, the necessity to replace the toxic Pb in the perovskite solar cell business is driving an increase in research interest in Pb-free perovskite solar cells. A number of Pb-free perovskites, including Ge-, Sb-, Sn-, and Bi-based perovskites, have emerged to offer a solution. Nonetheless, prior research has demonstrated that Sn-based perovskite solar cells are promising alternatives to lead-based solar cells. However, the main disadvantages are its poor power conversion efficiency and stability issues. To overcome its intrinsic shortcomings, it is critical to investigate scientific possibilities for optimizing its internal mechanism.</div><div>This study is a theoretical simulation of five selected Sn-based perovskites (MASnBr₃, FASnI₃, CsSnI₃, MASnI₃, and CsSnCl₃) in a multiple ETLs architecture (specifically, p-n-n architecture) with the use of the SCAP 1D simulator to optimise some material properties towards improved PV parameters. The study showed that careful optimisation of electrical and optical parameters and proper choice of architecture are essential towards achieving highly efficient perovskite solar cells. The choice of p-i-n-n architecture with ITO/P3HT/Perovskite layer/PCBM/WS2/Au structure was intentional in order to create innovation and also to strategically enhance the efficiency of the device. The thickness of the charge transport layers in this structure, the percent transparency of the front electrode, and the donor/acceptor doping concentration of the charge transport layers were first optimized. Then the five active layer thicknesses were individually optimised in this same structure, and a comparative numerical analysis of the performance parameters of the five materials was carefully carried out using the outcomes from SCAPS 1D software. After all, the FASnI₃ <!-->absorber material shows the highest performance with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.06 %, a Voc of 1.37 V, a JSC of 5.25 mA/cm², and an FF<!--> <!-->of 84.1 % among the selected Sn-based<!--> <!-->perovskite solar cells investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100868"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of graphene-based substrates in GERS for rhodamine 6G detection","authors":"Zahra Sabzevari,&nbsp;Maryam Bahreini","doi":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rio.2025.100866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (GERS) is a new method for enhancing Raman spectra based on chemical mechanisms. This article explores three different methods for producing graphene oxide-based substrates to enhance the Raman signal. The first substrate was prepared by spraying a graphene oxide suspension with distilled water onto a glass slide. The second substrate was prepared using graphene oxide powder and ethanol suspension and then sprayed onto a glass slide. The third substrate was prepared by spin-coating a graphene oxide suspension with distilled water onto a glass slide. Rhodamine 6G (R6G) was used to investigate the GERS effect on these three substrates. After depositing the R6G solution on the graphene-based substrates, the enhancement of Raman signals was compared. The experimental results showed that the Raman spectra were most enhanced using the substrate made by the third method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21151,"journal":{"name":"Results in Optics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100866"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144579565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}