Reproductive toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Preliminary study on the impact of 900 MHz radiation on human sperm: An in vitro molecular approach","authors":"İ. Keskin ,&nbsp;S. Karabulut ,&nbsp;A.A. Kaplan ,&nbsp;M. Alagöz ,&nbsp;M. Akdeniz ,&nbsp;K.K. Tüfekci ,&nbsp;D.L. Davis ,&nbsp;S. Kaplan","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of technologies that produce and emit electromagnetic fields (EMF) is growing exponentially worldwide. The biological effects of EMF-emitting equipment, such as mobile phones and other wireless devices, have been studied in the last decade using <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> methods. Infertility is a growing health problem, and nearly half of cases are because of male-factor. This study investigated the direct <em>in vitro</em> effects of 900 MHz radiation exposure on sperm parameters, genetic status, apoptotic markers, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in healthy normozoospermic men. Semen samples were divided into four groups, two control (30 min and 1 h) and two EMF exposure (30 min and 1 h). Sperm parameters (motility, progressive motility, acrosomal index, morphology), genetic status (DNA fragmentation and chromatin integrity), apoptotic markers (cytokine-c and caspase-3 expression) and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway (phosphoinoitide 3-kinase-PI3K- and phosphorylated AKT- p-AKT-) were analysed. Sperm motility were significantly reduced in 30 min EMF exposure while a significant increase in the expression of p-AKT were observed in 1 h EMF exposure group. An increased vacuolisation, acrosomal defect, extension of subacrosomal space, uncondensed chromatin structure, apoptotic signs and disrupted axoneme were observed in both EMF groups which were not observed in the control group. Other sperm parameters (morphology and acrosomal index), genetic status, apoptotic markers and the PI3K expression rates had no significant change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21137,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive toxicology","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 108744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the ameliorative potential of rutin against High-Sucrose Diet-induced oxidative stress and reproductive toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Abhratanu Ganguly ,&nbsp;Sayantani Nanda ,&nbsp;Moutushi Mandi ,&nbsp;Kanchana Das ,&nbsp;Prem Rajak","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sucrose is a vital ingredient in numerous food items consumed regularly. However, exposure to excessive sucrose for a prolonged period can promote health issues. The reproductive system has a delicate physiology that can be targeted by various chemical stressors, including sucrose. Hence, the present <em>in vivo</em> study aims to unveil the impacts of High-Sucrose Diet (HSD) on the reproductive fitness of <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>. In addition, the present work has also assessed the protective potential of a bioactive compound, rutin, against it. Here, first instar larvae were exposed to HSD (30 %) alone and in combination with rutin (100–300 µM) till their adult stage. HSD disturbed sex comb morphology in adult males, while fecundity and hatchability of eggs in females. Moreover, HSD triggered gonadal ROS production, oxidative stress, and modulated endogenous antioxidants such as SOD, catalase, and glutathione in both sexes. Nuclear fragmentation and tissue injuries, along with protein and lipid oxidation, were also apparent. Elevated levels of cytosolic Iron suggested an active Fenton reaction in adults. Further, HSD modulated the activities of reproductive and metabolic mediators, including vitellogenin, malate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and angiotensin-converting enzymes that are critical to maintain the overall reproductive fitness. Interestingly, co-treatment with rutin, mainly at 200 µM, mitigated these adverse effects and restored reproductive fitness. The protective potential of rutin might be attributed to its ability to normalize redox homeostasis, reduce oxidative stress, and optimize critical enzymes involved in reproductive physiology. These findings suggest that rutin has potential therapeutic implications for counteracting the reproductive hazards induced by HSD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21137,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive toxicology","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 108742"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142605622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective cumulative dietary risk assessment of craniofacial alterations by residues of pesticides","authors":"Luc Mohimont ,&nbsp;Chris Anagnostopoulos ,&nbsp;Maria Anastassiadou ,&nbsp;Anna Federica Castoldi ,&nbsp;Adeline Cavelier ,&nbsp;Tamara Coja ,&nbsp;Peter Craig ,&nbsp;Federica Crivellente ,&nbsp;Bruno Dujardin ,&nbsp;Andy Hart ,&nbsp;Wim Hooghe ,&nbsp;Samira Jarrah ,&nbsp;Kyriaki Machera ,&nbsp;Elena Menegola ,&nbsp;Francesca Metruccio ,&nbsp;Christian Sieke","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2022, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) conducted a dietary cumulative risk assessment for active substances of plant protection products on two types of craniofacial alterations: 1) craniofacial alterations due to abnormal skeletal development and 2) head soft tissue alterations and brain neural tube defects. These effects were selected based on developmental biology knowledge and a hypothetical teratogenic process. Cumulative risk assessment was conducted for 14 European populations of women in childbearing age. The dietary cumulative exposure was determined using individual consumption data collected under national food consumption surveys, and the calculations were based on occurrence data collected by Member States under their official monitoring programmes. A rigorous uncertainty analysis was performed using expert knowledge elicitation. Considering all sources of uncertainty, their dependencies, and differences between populations, it was concluded that the total margin of exposure (MOET) resulting from cumulative exposure to residues of pesticides is above 100 for both types of craniofacial alterations and therefore the threshold for regulatory consideration is not exceeded. For the head soft tissue alterations and brain neural tube defects the MOET was even above 500 while for the alterations due to abnormal skeletal development, it was found about as likely as not that the MOET is above 500 in most populations. These results need to be interpreted in the light of the conservatism of the hazard assessment methodology. This review is a summary of the EFSA report on a retrospective cumulative dietary risk assessment of craniofacial alterations by residues of pesticides published in 2022.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21137,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive toxicology","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 108741"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole mount preparation and analysis of rabbit mammary gland","authors":"Harshal Rawtani ,&nbsp;Julia Jackson ,&nbsp;Fumei Gao ,&nbsp;Namya Mellouk ,&nbsp;Isabella Myer ,&nbsp;Karina Cuevas Mora ,&nbsp;Suzanne E. Fenton ,&nbsp;Liping Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mammary gland undergoes dynamic structural and compositional changes throughout life, influenced significantly by hormonal fluctuations and environmental factors. From embryonic development through menopause, this tissue adapts to accommodate phases such as postnatal expansion, pregnancy-induced lactation, and post-weaning involution. Hormones, growth factors, cytokines, and exogenous factors regulate these innate processes, affecting mammary epithelial cell proliferation and sensitivity, particularly in terminal end buds (TEB) and lobules, which are highly susceptible to endocrine disruption. Rodent models have provided invaluable insights into mammary gland biology, yet differences exist compared to human development, prompting the exploration of alternative models like rabbits. Additionally, there is momentum to move away from the use of nonhuman primates in safety assessments, increasing the need for evaluation tools for all tissues in the rabbit model. Rabbit mammary glands exhibit similarities to humans, making them promising for studying breast biology and pathology. However, protocols for whole-mount analysis of rabbit mammary glands are lacking due to the technical challenges of working with thicker tissue than rodent mammary glands. Here, we developed a methodology modified from rodent studies for preparing and analyzing rabbit mammary gland whole mounts, which is essential for advancing research in mammary gland biology and understanding the effects of hormonal and toxicant-induced disruption of mammary gland growth and function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21137,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive toxicology","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 108740"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term subculture induces syncytialization and influent the response to bisphenol A (BPA) of placental JEG-3 cells","authors":"Yu-Shiuan Huang ,&nbsp;Ai-An Chang ,&nbsp;Zhi-Jie Yang ,&nbsp;Jung-An Chen ,&nbsp;Chi-Kang Lin ,&nbsp;Hsin-Chieh Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The placenta is a temporary organ that exists only during pregnancy, responsible for connecting the mother and the fetus. During placental development, the cytotrophoblast cells differentiate into multinucleated, syncytialized cells that envelop the chorionic villi, a process known as syncytialization. These syncytiotrophoblast cells serve as a barrier between maternal circulation and the fetus and secrete important hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), estrogen, and progesterone. Proper regulation of trophoblast differentiation and hormone secretion is crucial throughout pregnancy, as disruption of these processes can lead to pregnancy failure. Previous studies showed that Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), negatively impacts pregnancy. It affects placental development, tissue morphology, hormone secretion, and probably increase the risk of pregnancy complications. Furthermore, some compounds like hCG and forskolin induce the cell differentiation and affecting hormone secretion in trophoblast. In this study, we found that long-term subculture of JEG-3 cells indicates an increase in cell differentiation, alterations in physiological properties, and changes in hormone secretion profiles. Our results also demonstrate distinct responses in JEG-3 cells to BPA stimulation in later passages, suggesting that long-term subculture alters cell characteristics and elicits varied responses to stimuli. This implies potential harm from BPA exposure at different stages of pregnancy, albeit through different mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21137,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive toxicology","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 108738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic evidence linking retinol to birth weight: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Fangxiang Mu,&nbsp;Kexin Wang,&nbsp;Lu Jiang,&nbsp;Fang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to clarify the potential causal effects of dietary antioxidant vitamins on pregnancy outcomes (miscarriage, preterm labor, and birth weight) using Mendelian randomization (MR). Our instrumental variables (IVs) were single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to retinol, vitamin C, carotene, and vitamin E (<em>P</em> &lt; 5×10⁻⁶). The summary statistics for miscarriage, preterm labor, and birth weight were extracted from genome-wide association studies (GWASs), with a sample size of 56,172, 5480, and 261,932, respectively. The present MR study primarily used the inverse-variance weighted method, with additional sensitivity analyses conducted to evaluate the robustness of the findings. We found that retinol was closely related to the birth weight (β=0.091, 95 %CI: 0.009–0.172, <em>P</em>=0.028), and sensitivity analyses showed similar results (MR-RAPS: OR=1.101, 95 %CI: 1.027–1.180; maximum likelihood: OR=1.098, 95 %CI: 1.011–1.194). While the relationship of retinol with miscarriage or preterm labor was not statistically significant. Additionally, our study did not reveal an association between the carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C and pregnancy-related outcomes, miscarriage, preterm labor, and birth weight (all <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). In conclusion, our findings indicated a causal effect between retinol and birth weight and suggested that maintaining retinol at normal levels during pregnancy can prevent low birth weight. Therefore, it would be beneficial to measure retinol levels in pregnant women and to supplement with vitamin A in cases of deficiency, as these could be valuable strategies for improving pregnancy outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21137,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive toxicology","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 108739"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shatavarin-IV rescues the Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) induced oxidative stress in rat granulosa cells in vitro","authors":"Vivek Pandey ,&nbsp;Alka Sharma ,&nbsp;Sonal Tiwari ,&nbsp;Yashvant Patel ,&nbsp;Jayhind Kumar Chauhan ,&nbsp;Safiya Ayesha ,&nbsp;Alakh N. Sahu ,&nbsp;Rashmi Gupta ,&nbsp;Anima Tripathi ,&nbsp;Pawan K. Dubey","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies provide notable evidence that oxidative stress (OS) mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) disturb reproductive health. We have shown in our previous publication that exposure of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), induces OS mediated ROS generation which inhibits steroid synthesis. In the present study, we demonstrated the ameliorative/protective effects of one of the steroidal saponins, i.e., Shatavarin-IV, isolated from the roots of <em>Asparagus racemosus</em> against DEHP induced OS in rat granulosa cells. Granulosa cells were exposed with DEHP alone (400 μM), Shatavarin-IV alone (8 μg/ml), and a combination of DEHP + Shatavarin-IV (400 μM + 8 μg/ml) <em>in vitro</em> for 24 hrs. Intracellular ROS, OS/hypoxia, mitochondrial membrane potential, steroid-responsive genes expression were analyzed. The results revealed that the effective dose of DEHP (400 µg) significantly increased OS compared to the control by increasing ROS levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and β-galactosidase activity with a higher level of apoptotic genes (Bax, Caspase-3) expression at mRNA level. Further, DEHP significantly (p &lt; 0.05) reduced mRNA expression of steroidogenic responsive genes (StAR, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1) in granulosa cells treated with above combination compared to control. Interestingly, co-treatment of DEHP + Shatavarin-IV significantly suppressed the DEHP induced OS, ROS, β-galactosidase levels and enhanced steroidogeneic and apoptotic gene expression activities, which suggests that Shatavarin-IV rescued DEHP-induced changes that may useful for the prevention of DEHP- induced reproductive toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21137,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive toxicology","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 108737"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring genetic causal relationship between antidepressants use and congenital malformations","authors":"Kaiyan Yang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Qin ,&nbsp;Huiyan Wang ,&nbsp;Wenbo Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing studies have demonstrated that the use of antidepressants is associated with congenital malformations; however, the conclusions are inconsistent, and the potential causal relationship remains unclear. Based on large-scale genetic data, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. The exposure datasets included the use of antidepressants, responses to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and the use of four SSRIs-related antidepressants: fluoxetine, citalopram, paroxetine, and sertraline. The outcome datasets encompassed congenital malformations across 12 major organ systems, as well as overall congenital malformations. All datasets were of European ancestry. We employed inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods as our MR analytical approaches. Additionally, the robustness of the MR results was evaluated through a series of sensitivity analyses. After Bonferroni multiple comparisons, MR results did not reveal a significant association between the use of all antidepressants and any congenital malformations. However, IVW provided a suggestive positive association between antidepressants use and congenital digestive malformations (OR = 1.28, 95 % CI = 1.01–1.62, <em>P</em> = 0.039), as well as between SSRIs response and respiratory system malformations (OR = 1.21, 95 % CI = 1.02–1.44, <em>P</em> = 0.033), and fluoxetine use and nervous system malformations (<em>P</em> = 0.026). This study did not find evidence of an association between the use of citalopram, paroxetine, or sertraline and any congenital malformations. Our study provides evidence of a causal association between exposure to antidepressants and certain specific congenital malformations. However, further in-depth research is needed to confirm this association and explore the underlying biological mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21137,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive toxicology","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 108736"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlorpyrifos and dimethoate exposure impairs female fertility by deregulating WNT signaling pathway & uterine receptivity","authors":"Jasmeena Jan ,&nbsp;Showkeen Muzamil Bashir ,&nbsp;Wajid Mohammad Sheikh ,&nbsp;Owais Mohmad Bhat ,&nbsp;Towseef Amin Rafeeqi ,&nbsp;Showkat Ahmad Shah ,&nbsp;Abid Hamid Dar ,&nbsp;Mohammad Afzal Zargar ,&nbsp;Nissar Ahmad Wani","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study assessed histological, biochemical, oxidative stress, and molecular parameters to evaluate the consequences of Chlorpyrifos and Dimethoate exposure on uterine health in female rats. Despite showing no obvious signs of toxicity apart from minor clinical symptoms in DM-exposed rats, both pesticides caused degenerative changes in uterine tissue. This study demonstrates that pesticides induce inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in rats, by NF-κB activation and altering antioxidant enzyme levels. Besides, CPF and DM exposure disrupted gene expression of HOXA10, HOXA11, and WNT and reduced activation of β-catenin in the uterus, which is crucial for implantation and reproductive function. These findings suggest that pesticide exposure may impair reproductive health and fertility in females, highlighting potential implications for human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21137,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive toxicology","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 108735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the effects of COVID-19 on sperm in male smokers: A prospective integrated proteomic and metabolomic study","authors":"ChengLu Wang ,&nbsp;JiaCheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Fang Gao ,&nbsp;Min Zheng ,&nbsp;XiaoHua Fu ,&nbsp;KeBing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Notable variations in semen parameters among non-smoking males have been documented post-COVID-19 pandemic. The role of smoking as a significant contributing factor to male infertility has been substantiated. Does the combined effect of smoking and SARS-CoV-2 infection impact male reproductive function? A prospective descriptive cohort study was performed using data from 90 smoking and 90 non-smoking males before and after coronavirus infection in a single center over a period of 3 months. Semen samples were collected before and within 15 days after COVID-19 infection, ensuring no more than three months elapsed between the two collections. The semen parameters evaluated included volume, concentration, progressive motility, normal morphology, and DNA fragmentation rate. Proteomic and metabolomic studies were further used to explore the differences between groups. Both non-smokers and smokers exhibited a marked reduction in sperm concentration, progressive motility, and normal morphology rate. Additionally, an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation index was noted for non-smokers and smokers. In the non-smoking group, dysregulation proteins including SEMG1, SEMG2 and DNAH5, and metabolites including L-glutamine, cis-9-Palmitoleic acid and Linoleamide were observed. In smokers, dysregulation proteins including SMCP, ROPN1B and IZUMO4, alongside metabolites including carnitine, gamma-Glutamylglutamic acid, and hypoxanthine were found. Comparative analysis between smoking and non-smoking patients post-COVID-19 also revealed significant differences in semen concentration, morphology and sperm DNA fragmentation rate. Dysregulated proteins including HSPA5, HSPA2 and PGK2, and metabolites such as acetylcarnitine, oxaloacetate and nicotinate were associated with impaired sperm function. Our study demonstrates that the virus also significantly compromises sperm quality in smoking males, who experience more pronounced declines post-infection compared to their non-smoking counterparts. This research underscores the necessity for comprehensive fertility assessments for smoking males after recovering from COVID-19.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21137,"journal":{"name":"Reproductive toxicology","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 108734"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}