Retrovirology最新文献

{"title":"Variations in Trim5α and Cyclophilin A genes among HIV-1 elite controllers and non controllers in Uganda: a laboratory-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sharon Bright Amanya,&nbsp;Brian Nyiro,&nbsp;Francis Waswa,&nbsp;Bonniface Obura,&nbsp;Rebecca Nakaziba,&nbsp;Eva Nabulime,&nbsp;Ashaba Fred Katabazi,&nbsp;Rose Nabatanzi,&nbsp;Alice Bayiyana,&nbsp;Gerald Mboowa,&nbsp;Alex Kayongo,&nbsp;Misaki Wayengera,&nbsp;Obondo J Sande","doi":"10.1186/s12977-020-00527-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-020-00527-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tripartite Motif Containing 5 alpha (TRIM5α), a restriction factor produced ubiquitously in cells and tissues of the body plays an important role in the immune response against HIV. TRIM5α targets the HIV capsid for proteosomal destruction. Cyclophilin A, an intracellular protein has also been reported to influence HIV infectivity in a cell-specific manner. Accordingly, variations in TRIM5α and Cyclophilin A genes have been documented to influence HIV-1 disease progression. However, these variations have not been documented among Elite controllers in Uganda and whether they play a role in viral suppression remains largely undocumented. Our study focused on identifying the variations in TRIM5α and Cyclophilin A genes among HIV-1 Elite controllers and non-controllers in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the sequence analysis, the rs10838525 G > A mutation in exon 2 of TRIM5α was only found among elite controllers (30%) while the rs3824949 in the 5'UTR was seen among 25% of the non-controllers. In the Cyclophilin A promoter, rs6850 was seen among 62.5% of the non-controllers and only among 10% elite controllers. Furthermore, rs17860048 in the Cyclophillin A promoter was predominantly seen among elite controllers (30%) and 12.5% non-controllers. From gene expression analysis, we noted that the respective genes were generally elevated among elite controllers, however, this difference was not statistically significant (TRIM5α p = 0.6095; Cyclophilin A p = 0.6389).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Variations in TRIM5α and Cyclophillin A promoter may influence HIV viral suppression. The rs10838525 SNP in TRIM5α may contribute to viral suppression among HIV-1 elite controllers. The rs6850 in the cyclophillin A gene may be responsible for HIV-1 rapid progression among HIV-1 non-controllers. These SNPs should be investigated mechanistically to determine their precise role in HIV-1 viral suppression.</p>","PeriodicalId":21123,"journal":{"name":"Retrovirology","volume":"17 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12977-020-00527-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10776777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutations of Glu560 within HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein N-terminal heptad repeat region contribute to resistance to peptide inhibitors of virus entry","authors":"Chen Yuan, Jiaye Wang, Hai-Jiao Zhao, Yan Li, Di Li, H. Ling, Zhuang Min","doi":"10.1186/s12977-019-0496-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-019-0496-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21123,"journal":{"name":"Retrovirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12977-019-0496-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43545509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunovirological markers in HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP)","authors":"Yoshimi Enose-Akahata, S. Jacobson","doi":"10.1186/s12977-019-0499-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-019-0499-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21123,"journal":{"name":"Retrovirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12977-019-0499-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45298437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restriction factors in human retrovirus infections and the unprecedented case of CIITA as link of intrinsic and adaptive immunity against HTLV-1","authors":"G. Forlani, Mariam Shallak, Elise Ramia, A. Tedeschi, R. Accolla","doi":"10.1186/s12977-019-0498-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-019-0498-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21123,"journal":{"name":"Retrovirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12977-019-0498-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46007024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deltaretroviruses have circulated since at least the Paleogene and infected a broad range of mammalian species","authors":"T. Hron, D. Elleder, R. Gifford","doi":"10.1186/s12977-019-0495-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-019-0495-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21123,"journal":{"name":"Retrovirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12977-019-0495-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45538998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing and specificity of cotranslational nascent protein modification in bacteria.","authors":"Chien-I Yang, Hao-Hsuan Hsieh, Shu-Ou Shan","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1912264116","DOIUrl":"10.1073/pnas.1912264116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nascent polypeptide exit site of the ribosome is a crowded environment where multiple ribosome-associated protein biogenesis factors (RPBs) compete for the nascent polypeptide to influence their localization, folding, or quality control. Here we address how N-terminal methionine excision (NME), a ubiquitous process crucial for the maturation of over 50% of the bacterial proteome, occurs in a timely and selective manner in this crowded environment. In bacteria, NME is mediated by 2 essential enzymes, peptide deformylase (PDF) and methionine aminopeptidase (MAP). We show that the reaction of MAP on ribosome-bound nascent chains approaches diffusion-limited rates, allowing immediate methionine excision of optimal substrates after deformylation. Specificity is achieved by kinetic competition of NME with translation elongation and by regulation from other RPBs, which selectively narrow the processing time window for suboptimal substrates. A mathematical model derived from the data accurately predicts cotranslational NME efficiency in the cytosol. Our results demonstrate how a fundamental enzymatic activity is reshaped by its associated macromolecular environment to optimize both efficiency and selectivity, and provides a platform to study other cotranslational protein biogenesis pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":21123,"journal":{"name":"Retrovirology","volume":"6 1","pages":"23050-23060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1073/pnas.1912264116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88340562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity in HIV and cellular transcription profiles in cell line models of latent and productive infection: implications for HIV latency","authors":"S. Telwatte, S. Morón-López, Dvir Aran, P. Kim, Christine L. Hsieh, S. Joshi, M. Montaño, W. Greene, A. Butte, J. Wong, S. Yukl","doi":"10.1186/s12977-019-0494-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-019-0494-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21123,"journal":{"name":"Retrovirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12977-019-0494-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43326353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering and characterising a novel, highly potent bispecific antibody iMab-CAP256 that targets HIV-1","authors":"Tumelo Moshoette, S. A. Ali, M. Papathanasopoulos, M. Killick","doi":"10.1186/s12977-019-0493-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-019-0493-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21123,"journal":{"name":"Retrovirology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12977-019-0493-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65721161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NHEJ pathway is involved in post-integrational DNA repair due to Ku70 binding to HIV-1 integrase","authors":"E. Knyazhanskaya, A. Anisenko, O. Shadrina, A. Kalinina, T. Zatsepin, A. Zalevsky, D. Mazurov, M. Gottikh","doi":"10.1186/s12977-019-0492-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-019-0492-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21123,"journal":{"name":"Retrovirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12977-019-0492-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43245660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of induced dNTP pool imbalance on HIV-1 reverse transcription in macrophages","authors":"C. Shepard, Joella Xu, J. Holler, Dong-Hyun Kim, L. M. Mansky, R. Schinazi, Baek Kim","doi":"10.1186/s12977-019-0491-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-019-0491-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21123,"journal":{"name":"Retrovirology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s12977-019-0491-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46631894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}